Aristophanes · Frogs Βάτραχοι

Aristophanes, Frogs 1053–1076: Agon: rags, rhetoric and the rowers

Aeschylus goes on that poets must speak great thoughts in great words, since the robes of heroes are grander than ours, and blames Euripides for dressing his kings in rags. He says that the habit of talk has spoilt the sailors, who once knew nothing but to call for their rations and now argue with their captains. He asks what ills Euripides has not caused.

Lines 1053–1076 · 371 words · click a number to copy its link
Αἰσχύλος 1053μὰ Δίʼ ἀλλʼ ὄντʼ· ἀλλʼ ἀποκρύπτειν χρὴ τὸ πονηρὸν τόν γε ποιητήν, καὶ μὴ παράγειν μηδὲ διδάσκειν. τοῖς μὲν γὰρ παιδαρίοισιν 1055ἔστι διδάσκαλος ὅστις φράζει, τοῖσιν δʼ ἡβῶσι ποιηταί. πάνυ δὴ δεῖ χρηστὰ λέγειν ἡμᾶς. Εὐριπίδης ἢν οὖν σὺ λέγῃς Λυκαβηττοὺς καὶ Παρνασσῶν ἡμῖν μεγέθη, τοῦτʼ ἐστὶ τὸ χρηστὰ διδάσκειν, ὃν χρῆν φράζειν ἀνθρωπείως; Αἰσχύλος ἀλλʼ ὦ κακόδαιμον ἀνάγκη μεγάλων γνωμῶν καὶ διανοιῶν ἴσα καὶ τὰ ῥήματα τίκτειν. 1060κἄλλως εἰκὸς τοὺς ἡμιθέους τοῖς ῥήμασι μείζοσι χρῆσθαι· καὶ γὰρ τοῖς ἱματίοις ἡμῶν χρῶνται πολὺ σεμνοτέροισιν. ἁμοῦ χρηστῶς καταδείξαντος διελυμήνω σύ. Εὐριπίδης τί δράσας; Αἰσχύλος πρῶτον μὲν τοὺς βασιλεύοντας ῥάκιʼ ἀμπισχών, ἵνʼ ἐλεινοὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις φαίνοιντʼ εἶναι. Εὐριπίδης τοῦτʼ οὖν ἔβλαψά τι δράσας; Αἰσχύλος 1065οὔκουν ἐθέλει γε τριηραρχεῖν πλουτῶν οὐδεὶς διὰ ταῦτα, ἀλλὰ ῥακίοις περιειλάμενος κλάει καὶ φησὶ πένεσθαι.

AESCHYLUS For boys a teacher at school is found, but we, the poets, are teachers of men. We are bound things honest and pure to speak.

EURIPIDES And to speak great Lycabettuses, pray, And massive blocks of Parnassian rocks, is that things honest and pure to say? In human fashion we ought to speak.

AESCHYLUS Alas, poor witling, and can’t you see That for mighty thoughts and heroic aims, the words themselves must appropriate be? And grander belike on the ear should strike the speech of heroes and godlike powers, Since even the robes that invest their limbs are statelier, grander robes than ours. Such was my plan: but when you began, you spoilt and degraded it all.

EURIPIDES How so?

AESCHYLUS Your kings in tatters and rags you dressed, and brought them on, a beggarly show, To move, forsooth, our pity and ruth.

EURIPIDES And what was the harm, I should like to know.

AESCHYLUS No more will a wealthy citizen now equip for the state a galley of war. He wraps his limbs in tatters and rags, and whines he is poor, too poor by far.

DIONYSUS But under his rags he is wearing a vest, as woolly and soft as a man could wish. Let him gull the state, and he’s off to the mart; an eager, extravagant buyer of fish.

AESCHYLUS Moreover to prate, to harangue, to debate, is now the ambition of all in the state.

Διόνυσος 1067νὴ τὴν Δήμητρα χιτῶνά γʼ ἔχων οὔλων ἐρίων ὑπένερθεν. κἂν ταῦτα λέγων ἐξαπατήσῃ, παρὰ τοὺς ἰχθῦς ἀνέκυψεν. Αἰσχύλος εἶτʼ αὖ λαλιὰν ἐπιτηδεῦσαι καὶ στωμυλίαν ἐδίδαξας, 1070ἣ ʼξεκένωσεν τάς τε παλαίστρας καὶ τὰς πυγὰς ἐνέτριψεν τῶν μειρακίων στωμυλλομένων, καὶ τοὺς Παράλους ἀνέπεισεν ἀνταγορεύειν τοῖς ἄρχουσιν. καίτοι τότε γʼ ἡνίκʼ ἐγὼ ʼζων, οὐκ ἠπίσταντʼ ἀλλʼ ἢ μᾶζαν καλέσαι καὶ ῥυππαπαῖ εἰπεῖν. Διόνυσος νὴ τὸν Ἀπόλλω, καὶ προσπαρδεῖν γʼ ἐς τὸ στόμα τῷ θαλάμακι, 1075καὶ μινθῶσαι τὸν ξύσσιτον κἀκβάς τινα λωποδυτῆσαι· νῦν δʼ ἀντιλέγει κοὐκέτʼ ἐλαύνων πλεῖ δευρὶ καὖθις ἐκεῖσε.

AESCHYLUS Each exercise-ground is in consequence found deserted and empty: to evil repute Your lessons have brought our youngsters, and taught our sailors to challenge, discuss, and refute The orders they get from their captains and yet, when I was alive, I protest that the knaves Knew nothing at all, save for rations to call, and to sing “Rhyppapae” as they pulled through the waves. “And bedad to let fly from their sterns in the eye of the fellow who tugged at the undermost oar, ’And a jolly young messmate with filth to besmirch, and to land for a filching adventure ashore; But now they harangue, and dispute, and won’t row, And idly and aimlessly float to and fro.

AESCHYLUS Of what ills is he not the creator and cause?

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1919). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, The Frogs of Aristophanes, second edition, London: G. Bell and Sons, 1919.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.