Aristophanes · Frogs Βάτραχοι

Aristophanes, Frogs 941–989: Agon: Euripides describes his own art

Euripides says that he reduced a swollen tragedy to a slim form and then taught his characters to speak, so that every man in the play, from the master to the maid, talked freely. He says that he showed scenes of common life, which any hearer could judge. Aeschylus replies that he should have been put to death for it.

Lines 941–989 · 451 words · click a number to copy its link
Εὐριπίδης 941ἴσχνανα μὲν πρώτιστον αὐτὴν καὶ τὸ βάρος ἀφεῖλον ἐπυλλίοις καὶ περιπάτοις καὶ τευτλίοισι λευκοῖς, χυλὸν διδοὺς στωμυλμάτων ἀπὸ βιβλίων ἀπηθῶν· εἶτʼ ἀνέτρεφον μονῳδίαις— Διόνυσος Κηφισοφῶντα μιγνύς. Εὐριπίδης 945εἶτʼ οὐκ ἐλήρουν ὅ τι τύχοιμʼ οὐδʼ ἐμπεσὼν ἔφυρον, ἀλλʼ οὑξιὼν πρώτιστα μέν μοι τὸ γένος εἶπʼ ἂν εὐθὺς τοῦ δράματος. Διόνυσος κρεῖττον γὰρ ἦν σοι νὴ Δίʼ ἢ τὸ σαυτοῦ. Εὐριπίδης ἔπειτʼ ἀπὸ τῶν πρώτων ἐπῶν οὐδὲν παρῆκʼ ἂν ἀργόν, ἀλλʼ ἔλεγεν ἡ γυνή τέ μοι χὠ δοῦλος οὐδὲν ἧττον, 950χὠ δεσπότης χἠ παρθένος χἠ γραῦς ἄν. Αἰσχύλος εἶτα δῆτα οὐκ ἀποθανεῖν σε ταῦτʼ ἐχρῆν τολμῶντα; Εὐριπίδης μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω·

EURIPIDES And next a dose of chatterjuice, distilled from books, I gave her, And monodies she took, with sharp Cephisophon for flavour. I never used haphazard words, or plunged abruptly in; Who entered first explained at large the drama’s origin And source.

DIONYSUS Its source, I really trust, was better than your own.

EURIPIDES Then from the very opening lines no idleness was shown; The mistress talked with all her might, the servant talked as much, The master talked, the maiden talked, the beldame talked.

AESCHYLUS For such An outrage was not death your due

EURIPIDES No, by Apollo, no: That was my democratic way.

DIONYSUS Ah, let that topic go. Your record is not there, my friend, particularly good.

Εὐριπίδης 952δημοκρατικὸν γὰρ αὔτʼ ἔδρων. Διόνυσος τοῦτο μὲν ἔασον ὦ τᾶν. οὐ σοὶ γάρ ἐστι περίπατος κάλλιστα περί γε τούτου. Εὐριπίδης ἔπειτα τουτουσὶ λαλεῖν ἐδίδαξα— Αἰσχύλος φημὶ κἀγώ. 955ὡς πρὶν διδάξαι γʼ ὤφελες μέσος διαρραγῆναι. Εὐριπίδης λεπτῶν τε κανόνων ἐσβολὰς ἐπῶν τε γωνιασμούς, νοεῖν ὁρᾶν ξυνιέναι στρέφειν ἐρᾶν τεχνάζειν, κάχʼ ὑποτοπεῖσθαι, περινοεῖν ἅπαντα— Αἰσχύλος φημὶ κἀγώ. Εὐριπίδης οἰκεῖα πράγματʼ εἰσάγων, οἷς χρώμεθʼ, οἷς ξύνεσμεν,

EURIPIDES Then next I taught all these to speak.

AESCHYLUS You did so, and I would That ere such mischief you had wrought, your very lungs had split.

EURIPIDES Canons of verse I introduced, and neatly chiselled wit; To look, to scan: to plot, to plan: to twist, to turn, to woo: On all to spy; in all to pry.

AESCHYLUS You did: I say so too.

EURIPIDES I showed them scenes of common life, the things we know and see, Where any blunder would at once by all detected be. I never blustered on, or took their breath and wits away By Cycnuses or Memnons clad in terrible array, With bells upon their horses’ heads, the audience to dismay. Look at his pupils, look at mine: and there the contrast view. Uncouth Megaenetus is his, and rough Phormisius too;

960ἐξ ὧν γʼ ἂν ἐξηλεγχόμην· ξυνειδότες γὰρ οὗτοι ἤλεγχον ἄν μου τὴν τέχνην· ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐκομπολάκουν ἀπὸ τοῦ φρονεῖν ἀποσπάσας, οὐδʼ ἐξέπληττον αὐτούς, Κύκνους ποιῶν καὶ Μέμνονας κωδωνοφαλαροπώλους. γνώσει δὲ τοὺς τούτου τε κἀμοὺς ἑκατέρου μαθητάς. 965τουτουμενὶ Φορμίσιος Μεγαίνετός θʼ ὁ Μανῆς, σαλπιγγολογχυπηνάδαι, σαρκασμοπιτυοκάμπται, οὑμοὶ δὲ Κλειτοφῶν τε καὶ Θηραμένης ὁ κομψός.

EURIPIDES Great long-beard-lance-and-trumpet-men, flesh-tearers with the pine: But natty smart Theramenes, and Cleitophon are mine.

DIONYSUS Theramenes? a clever man and wonderfully sly: Immerse him in a flood of ills, he’ll soon be high and dry,

Διόνυσος 968Θηραμένης; σοφός γʼ ἀνὴρ καὶ δεινὸς ἐς τὰ πάντα, ὃς ἢν κακοῖς που περιπέσῃ καὶ πλησίον παραστῇ, 970πέπτωκεν ἔξω τῶν κακῶν, οὐ Χῖος ἀλλὰ Κεῖος. Εὐριπίδης τοιαῦτα μέντοὐγὼ φρονεῖν τούτοισιν εἰσηγησάμην, λογισμὸν ἐνθεὶς τῇ τέχνῃ καὶ σκέψιν, ὥστʼ ἤδη νοεῖν 975ἅπαντα καὶ διειδέναι τά τʼ ἄλλα καὶ τὰς οἰκίας οἰκεῖν ἄμεινον ἢ πρὸ τοῦ κἀνασκοπεῖν, πῶς τοῦτʼ ἔχει; ποῦ μοι τοδί; τίς τοῦτʼ ἔλαβε; Διόνυσος 980νὴ τοὺς θεοὺς νῦν γοῦν Ἀθηναίων ἅπας τις εἰσιὼν κέκραγε πρὸς τοὺς οἰκέτας ζητεῖ τε, ποῦ ʼστιν ἡ χύτρα; τίς τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀπεδήδοκεν 985τῆς μαινίδος; τὸ τρύβλιον τὸ περυσινὸν τέθνηκέ μοι· ποῦ τὸ σκόροδον τὸ χθιζινόν; τίς τῆς ἐλάας παρέτραγεν; τέως δʼ ἀβελτερώτατοι

DIONYSUS “A Kian with a kappa, sir, not Chian with a chi.”

EURIPIDES I taught them all these knowing ways By chopping logic in my plays, And making all my speakers try To reason out the How and Why. So now the people trace the springs, The sources and the’roots of things, And manage all their households too Far better than they used to do, Scanning and searching What’s amiss? And, Why was that? And, How is this?

DIONYSUS Ay, truly, never now a man Comes home, but he begins to scan; And to his household loudly cries, Why, where’s my pitcher? What’s the matter? ’Tis dead and gone my last year’s platter. Who gnawed these olives? Bless the sprat, Who nibbled off the head of that? And where’s the garlic vanished, pray, I purchased only yesterday?

EURIPIDES —Whereas, of old, our stupid youths Would sit, with open mouths and eyes, Like any dull-brained Mammacouths.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1919). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, The Frogs of Aristophanes, second edition, London: G. Bell and Sons, 1919.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.