Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 30.243–326: Book 30: Athena shames Dionysos back into the fight

Deriades presses forward as Dionysos withdraws, until Athena, sent by Zeus, shames him for fleeing, comparing him with Perseus and Aiacos, and urges him back to the battle. Inspired, Dionysos kills and wounds many Indians and scatters several tribes, and the Indians fall back.

Lines 30.243–326 · 779 words · click a number to copy its link
243καὶ τότε θαρσήεντες ἐπὶ κλόνον ἤιον Ἰνδοί, ὑσμίνην Βρομίοιο λελοιπότος· εἰσορόων δὲ 245Δηριάδης ἐδάϊζεν ἐπασσυτέρων στίχα Βάκχων ἐγχείην ἑκάτερθε παλινδίνητον ἑλίσσων.

Then the Indians took courage, and moved to the fight as Bromios left the field; Deriades saw it, and swept the thronging ranks of Bacchants while he swung his blade right and left again and again.

247ἀσχαλόων δʼ Ἰόβακχος ἀνήιεν εἰς ῥάχιν ὕλης, καὶ κλονέειν ἀνέμοισιν ἐπέτρεπεν ἐλπίδα χάρμης, μητρυιῆς τρομέων χόλον ἄγριον. ἦλθε δʼ Ἀθήνη 250οὐρανόθεν· πρὸ γὰρ ἧκε διάκτορον ὑψιμέδων Ζεύς, γνωτὸν ὅπως φεύγοντα, φόβῳ πεφοβημένον Ἥρης, εἰς ἐνοπὴν ἐρύσειε μεταστρέψαντα μενοινήν· στῆ δʼ ὄπιθεν ξανθῆς δὲ κόμης ἐδράξατο Βάκχου, μούνῳ φαινομένη βλοσυρὴ θεός· ἐκ δὲ προσώπου 255μαρμαρυγὴν πυρόεσσαν ἀνηκόντιζον ὀπωπαί· καὶ νοεροὺς σπινθῆρας ἐπιπνείουσα Λυαίῳ μεμφομένῃ κοτέουσα φιλοπτολέμῳ φάτο φωνῇ·

Iobacchos in distress retired to the woodland ridge, and left the winds to blow away his hope of victory, since he feared his stepmother’s fierce resentment. But Athena came down from heaven; for Zeus ruling on high sent her, on the errand to change the mind of her brother, now a fugitive in dread of Hera, and to bring him back to the battle. She stood behind him, and caught Bacchos by his yellow hair, seen by him alone, that grim goddess : from her face the eyes flashed a fiery gleam, and breathing sparks of good sense upon Lyaios she spoke angrily in warlike tones of rebuke :

258πῇ φεύγεις, Διόνυσε; τί σοι φόβος ἀντὶ κυδοιμοῦ; πῇ σέθεν ἄλκιμα θύρσα καὶ ἀμπελόεντες ὀιστοί; 260ἀμφὶ σέθεν τίνα μῦθον ἐμῷ Κρονίωνι βοήσω; ποῖον ἴδον κατὰ δῆριν ὀλωλότα κοίρανον Ἰνδῶν; ζώει Δηριάδης καὶ μάρναται εἰσέτι Μορρεύς.

“‘Whither do you flee, Dionysos? Why flight instead of fight ? Where is your mighty thyrsus and your arrows of vine? What word shall I tell of you to my Cronion? Have I seen the Indian king dead on the battlefield? No—Deriades lives, Morrheus fights on !

263ποίην δʼ οὐρανίην ἐπεδείκνυες ἔμφυτον ἀλκήν; ἢ Λιβύης ἐπέβης; ἢ Περσέος εἶχες ἀγῶνα; 265ἢ Σθεννοῦς ἴδες ὄμμα λιθώπιδος ἠὲ καὶ αὐτῆς δύσμαχον Εὐρυάλης μυκώμενον ἀνθερεῶνα; ἢ πλοκάμους ἐνόησας ἐχιδνοκόμοιο Μεδούσης, καί σε πολυσπερέων περιδέδρομε χάσμα δρακόντων; οὐ Σεμέλη τέκε παῖδα μαχήμονα· Γοργοφόνον δὲ 270ἄξιον υἷα λόχευσεν ἐμοῦ Διὸς Ἀκρισιώνη· οὐ γὰρ ἐμὴν δρεπάνην πτερόεις ἀπεσείσατο Περσεύς, Ἑρμείαν δὲ γέραιρεν ἑῶν δωτῆρα πεδίλων. γείτονα μάρτυν ἔχω πετρώδεα θῆρα θαλάσσης· εἴρεό μοι Κηφῆα, τά περ κάμε Περσέος ἅρπη· 275ἀντολίην δʼ ἐρέεινε καὶ ἕσπερον· ἀμφότερον γάρ, Νηρεΐδες τρομέουσι τὸν Ἀνδρομέδης παρακοίτην,· Ἑσπερίδες μέλπουσι τὸν ἀμητῆρα Μεδούσης.

“What have you shown of inborn heavenly prowess? Have you set foot in Libya? Have you had the task of Perseus? Have you seen the eye of Sthenno which turns all to stone, or the bellowing invincible throat of Euryale herself? Have you seen the tresses of viperhair Medusa, and have the open mouths of her tangled serpents run round you ? No fighter was Semele’s son; Acrisios’s daughter bore the Gorgonslayer, a son worthy of my Zeus, for winged Perseus did not throw down my sickle, and he thanked Hermeias for lending his shoes. I have a witness ready here, the monster of the deep turned to stone ; pray ask Cepheus, what the sickle of Perseus did. Ask the east, and ask the west; for both know—the Nereids tremble before Andromeda’s husband, the Hesperids sing him who cut down Medusa.

278Αἰακὸς ἀπτοίητος ὁμοίιος οὐ πέλε Βάκχῳ, οὐ φύγε Δηριάδην, οὐκ ἔτρεμε φύλοπιν Ἰνδῶν. 280χθιζὰ πάλιν σε φόβησεν Ἄραψ πρόμος; ἐξέτι κείνου ἅζομαι Ἄρεα θοῦρον ἰδεῖν γενετῆρα Λυκούργου, ἀδρανίην βοόωντα φυγοπτολέμου Διονύσου.

“Aiacos was not affrighted, he was not like Bacchos, he did not run from Deriades, he did not shrink from the Indian battle! Did the Arab chief frighten you again yesterday ? I am still ashamed to look at Ares, the furious father of Lycurgos, when he publishes abroad the cowardice of runaway Dionysos.

283σὸς καὶ ἐμὸς γενέτης οὐκ ἔτρεμε δηιοτῆτα, εὖτε θεοὶ Τιτῆνες ἐθωρήχθησαν Ὀλύμπῳ. 285ποίην Ὀρσιβόην ληίσσαο δεσπότιν Ἰνδῶν; Χειροβίην οὐκ εἶδε δορικτήτην σέο Ῥείη. ἱλήκοι Διὸς εὖχος, ἀδελφεὸν οὔ σε καλέσσω Δηριάδην φεύγοντα καὶ ἀπτολέμων γένος Ἰνδῶν. ἀλλὰ λαβὼν σέο θύρσα πάλιν μιμνήσκεο χάρμης, 290καὶ στρατιῆς προμάχιζε, κορυσσομένῃσι δὲ Βάκχαις ὄψεαι εὐθώρηκα συναιχμάζουσαν Ἀθήνην, αἰγίδα κουφίζουσαν ἀνούτατον ὅπλον Ὀλύμπου.

‘Your father and mine feared not battle, when the Titan gods armed themselves against Olympos. Where is Orsiboé—have you taken the Indian Queen? Rheia has not seen Cheirobié captive of your spear. Zeus forgive my boast—but I will not call you brother, when you run from Deriades and the unwarlike nation of India! Come, take your thyrsus again and remember the battle; fight in the van of the army, and you will see Athena well armed and fighting beside the armed Bacchants : she will lift her aegis-cape, the invincible weapon of Olympos !

293ὣς φαμένη Βρομίῳ μένος ἔμπνεεν· αὐτὰρ ὁ θυμῷ θαρσήεις πολέμιζε τὸ δεύτερον, ἐσσομένης δὲ 295νίκης ἐλπίδα πᾶσαν ἐπέτρεπε Τριτογενείῃ.

Thus the goddess inspired Bromios with strength. Then he took courage and fought boldly again, entrusting all his hope of coming victory to Tritogeneia.

296ἔνθα τίνα πρῶτον, τίνα δʼ ὕστατον ἔκτανε Βάκχος, ὁππότε μιν θάρσυνε μόθων ἀκόρητος Ἀθήνη; κτεῖνε μὲν ἀντιβίων ἑκατοντάδα νηλέι θύρσῳ, πολλοῖς δʼ ἕλκος ὄπασσε πολύτροπον ἔγχεϊ τύπτων 300ἠὲ φυτῶν ἑλίκεσσιν ἢ εὐόρπηκι κορύμβῳ, ἢ λίθον αἰχμάζων κραναὸν βέλος· οἱ δὲ τυπέντες δαιμονίῃ καναχηδὸν ἐβακχεύθησαν ἱμάσθλῃ. Φρίγγου δʼ οὔτασεν ὦμον ἀριστερὸν ὀξέι θύρσῳ· ὃς δὲ θορὼν ἀκίχητος ἐχάζετο· τὸν δὲ φυγόντα 305θηγαλέῳ βουπλῆγι κατεπρήνιξε Μελισσεύς. Ἐγρετίῳ δʼ ἐπόρουσε φιλεύιον ἔγχος ἑλίσσων θυρσομανὴς Διόνυσος ἑκηβόλος· ἱπταμένη δὲ Βακχιὰς ἐρροίζησε διʼ ἠέρος ἔγχεος αἰχμὴ ἄνδρα βαλεῖν ἐθέλουσα, καὶ Ἐγρετίοιο φυγόντος 310ἔχραε Βωλίγγεσσι, καὶ ἐγρεμόθους Ἀραχώτας εἰς φόβον ἐπτοίησε· φιλακρήτῳ δὲ πετήλῳ φρικτὰ δοριθρασέων ἐδαΐζετο φῦλα Σαλαγγῶν· καὶ στρατὸς ἐπτοίητο φερεσσακέων Ἀριηνῶν· καὶ προμάχους Φρίγγοιο καὶ Ἐγρετίοιο διώκων 315Εὔιος ἐπτοίησεν ὅλον στρατὸν Οὐατοκοίτην· καὶ Λύγον αἱματόεντος ἀπεστυφέλιξε κυδοιμοῦ ἀλκήεις Ἰόβακχος· ἐφεδρήσσοντα δὲ δένδρῳ οὔτασε Μειλανίωνα δολοπλόκον οἴνοπι θύρσῳ, Βασσαρίδας κρυφίοισιν ὀιστεύοντα βελέμνοις· 320ἀλλά μιν ἐζώγρησεν ἀπήμονα δύσμαχος Ἥρη, ὅττι δόλῳ κεκόρυστο καὶ ἔχραε πολλάκι Βάκχαις κρυπταδίοις πολέμοισιν· ἀεὶ δέ μιν ἔκρυφε πέτρη ἢ φυτὸν ὑψικάρηνον ὑποκλεφθέντα πετήλοις, ἀνέρας ἀφράστοισιν ὀιστεύοντα βελέμνοις.

Now whom first, whom last did Bacchos slay, when Athena insatiate of battle made him brave ? He slew a round hundred of his enemies with destroying thyrsus, and he wounded many in many ways, striking with spear or bunches of twigs or clustered branches, or throwing stone, a rough missile. Those who were hit by the divine flail went rushing madly about with a great noise. He wounded Phringos in the left shoulder with sharp thyrsus, and he rushed away out of reach; but Melisseus caught him and brought him down with a sharp poleaxe. Dionysos thyrsus-mad leapt after Egretios, shaking his Euian spear for a long shot: the sharp Bacchic blade flew whizzing through the air, eager to strike the man—and Egretios escaped. But the god attacked the Bolinges, and scared into flight the strife-stirring Arachotai. With his intoxicating vine leaves he swept away the terrible tribes of spearbold Salangoi ; and the host of shielded Arienoi were scattered. The Euian scattered the whole host of the Earsleepers in his chase after the forefighters of Phringos and Egretios. Iobacchos in his might beat off Lygos also out of the gory battle. Cunning Meilanion hid in a tree, and from his hiding - place showered arrows among the Bassarids, but the god hit him with his thyrsus of vine. Formidable Hera saved him unhurt, because he had often used this trick of arms, and attacked Bacchants, making war from ambush. He was always hidden by a rock or concealed by the leaves of a tall tree, shooting men unnoticed with his arrows.

325Ἰνδοὶ δʼ ἀνδροφόνοιο μετεσσεύοντο κυδοιμοῦ ἠνορέην τρομέοντες ἀνικήτου Διονύσου.

The Indians retreated at last from the carnage of the battle, fearing the valour of unconquered Dionysos.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.