Euripides · Iphigenia in Tauris Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Ταύροις

Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 342–391: First episode: Iphigenia's resolve and her doubts about Artemis

Iphigenia tells the Herdsman to bring the strangers, and says that the rites will be her concern. She says to herself that she was gentle to strangers before, but that her dream of Orestes' death has made her harsh, and she wishes that Helen might come to pay for what was done to her at Aulis. She recalls that she was nearly sacrificed, and says that she cannot believe that a goddess takes pleasure in human sacrifice.

Lines 342–391 · 440 words · click a number to copy its link

Iphigenia

342εἶἑν· σὺ μὲν κόμιζε τοὺς ξένους μολών, τὰ δʼ ἐνθάδʼ ἡμεῖς ὅσια φροντιούμεθα — ὦ καρδία τάλαινα, πρὶν μὲν ἐς ξένους 345γαληνὸς ἦσθα καὶ φιλοικτίρμων ἀεί, ἐς θοὑμόφυλον ἀναμετρουμένη δάκρυ, Ἕλληνας ἄνδρας ἡνίκʼ ἐς χέρας λάβοις. νῦν δʼ ἐξ ὀνείρων οἷσιν ἠγριώμεθα, δοκοῦσʼ Ὀρέστην μηκέθʼ ἥλιον βλέπειν, 350δύσνουν με λήψεσθʼ, οἵτινές ποθʼ ἥκετε. καὶ τοῦτʼ ἄρʼ ἦν ἀληθές, ᾐσθόμην, φίλαι· οἱ δυστυχεῖς γὰρ τοῖσι δυστυχεστέροις αὐτοὶ κακῶς πράξαντες οὐ φρονοῦσιν εὖ. ἀλλʼ οὔτε πνεῦμα Διόθεν ἦλθε πώποτε, 355οὐ πορθμίς, ἥτις διὰ πέτρας Συμπληγάδας Ἑλένην ἀπήγαγʼ ἐνθάδʼ, ἥ μʼ ἀπώλεσεν, Μενέλεών θʼ, ἵνʼ αὐτοὺς ἀντετιμωρησάμην, τὴν ἐνθάδʼ Αὖλιν ἀντιθεῖσα τῆς ἐκεῖ, οὗ μʼ ὥστε μόσχον Δαναΐδαι χειρούμενοι 360ἔσφαζον, ἱερεὺς δʼ ἦν ὁ γεννήσας πατήρ. οἴμοι — κακῶν γὰρ τῶν τότʼ οὐκ ἀμνημονῶ — ὅσας γενείου χεῖρας ἐξηκόντισα γονάτων τε τοῦ τεκόντος, ἐξαρτωμένη, λέγουσα τοιάδʼ· ὦ πάτερ, νυμφεύομαι 365νυμφεύματʼ αἰσχρὰ πρὸς σέθεν· μήτηρ δʼ ἐμὲ σέθεν κατακτείνοντος Ἀργεῖαί τε νῦν ὑμνοῦσιν ὑμεναίοισιν, αὐλεῖται δὲ πᾶν μέλαθρον· ἡμεῖς δʼ ὀλλύμεσθα πρὸς σέθεν. Ἅιδης Ἀχιλλεὺς ἦν ἄρʼ, οὐχ ὁ Πηλέως, 370ὅν μοι προσείσας πόσιν, ἐν ἁρμάτων ὄχοις ἐς αἱματηρὸν γάμον ἐπόρθμευσας δόλῳ. ἐγὼ δὲ λεπτῶν ὄμμα διὰ καλυμμάτων ἔχουσʼ, ἀδελφόν τʼ οὐκ ἀνειλόμην χεροῖν, — ὃς νῦν ὄλωλεν — οὐ κασιγνήτῃ στόμα 375συνῆψʼ ὑπʼ αἰδοῦς, ὡς ἰοῦσʼ ἐς Πηλέως μέλαθρα· πολλὰ δʼ ἀπεθέμην ἀσπάσματα ἐς αὖθις, ὡς ἥξουσʼ ἐς Ἄργος αὖ πάλιν. ὦ τλῆμον, εἰ τέθνηκας, ἐξ οἵων καλῶν ἔρρεις, Ὀρέστα, καὶ πατρὸς ζηλωμάτων — 380τὰ τῆς θεοῦ δὲ μέμφομαι σοφίσματα, ἥτις βροτῶν μὲν ἤν τις ἅψηται φόνου, ἢ καὶ λοχείας ἢ νεκροῦ θίγῃ χεροῖν, βωμῶν ἀπείργει, μυσαρὸν ὡς ἡγουμένη, αὐτὴ δὲ θυσίαις ἥδεται βροτοκτόνοις. 385οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅπως ἔτεκεν ἂν ἡ Διὸς δάμαρ Λητὼ τοσαύτην ἀμαθίαν. ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν τὰ Ταντάλου θεοῖσιν ἑστιάματα ἄπιστα κρίνω, παιδὸς ἡσθῆναι βορᾷ, τοὺς δʼ ἐνθάδʼ, αὐτοὺς ὄντας ἀνθρωποκτόνους, 390ἐς τὴν θεὸν τὸ φαῦλον ἀναφέρειν δοκῶ· οὐδένα γὰρ οἶμαι δαιμόνων εἶναι κακόν.

Very well. You go and bring the strangers here; the holy rites will be my concern. O my unhappy heart, you were gentle to strangers before, and always full of pity, measuring out tears for the sake of our common race, whenever Hellenes came into your hands. But now, after those dreams that have made me savage, thinking that Orestes is no longer alive, whoever comes here will find me harsh to them. This is true after all, my friends, I have realized: the unfortunate, when themselves doing badly, do not have kind thoughts towards those who are more unfortunate. But no breeze from Zeus ever came, or a boat, bringing Helen here, through the rocks of the Symplegedes—Helen who destroyed me, with Menelaus, so that I might avenge myself on them, setting an Aulis here against that one there, where the Danaids overpowered me and were going to sacrifice me like a calf, and my own father was the priest. Ah me!—I cannot forget those past evils—how often did I stroke my father’s cheek and, hanging on his knees, told him: O father, I am brought to a shameful betrothal by you; but while you are killing me, my mother and the Argive women are singing wedding hymns, and the whole house is filled with the music of flutes; but I am being destroyed by you. For Achilles was Hades after all, not the son of Peleus, whom you held out to me as a husband, and you brought me in a chariot to a bloody wedding by treachery. But I was modestly looking out through a fine veil, and did not take up my brother in my arms—and now he is dead—did not kiss my sister, because I was going to the house of Peleus; I put off many embraces to another time, thinking that I would come back again to Argos. My unhappy Orestes, if you are dead, what glories have you left, what achievements of a father! I blame the goddess’ subtleties; whichever mortal has engaged in murder, or has touched a woman in childbirth or a corpse, she drives from her altars, thinking him impure; but she herself delights in human sacrifices. It is not possible that Leto, the wife of Zeus, gave birth to such folly. I judge that the feast prepared by Tantalus for the gods is not to be believed, that they fed on the flesh of his son; and I think that the people here, who are themselves killers of men, ascribe to the goddess their sorry behavior. For I believe that no god is evil.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.