Euripides · Iphigenia at Aulis Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Αὐλίδι

Euripides, Iphigenia at Aulis 1146–1210: Fourth episode: Clytemnestra's speech against the sacrifice

Clytemnestra says that she knows all, and reminds him that he took her by killing Tantalus, her former husband, and dashing her baby on the ground, and that she has been a blameless wife to him. She asks what prayer he will utter when he has slain their daughter, and says that if a child is to be killed, Menelaus should have slain Hermione.

Lines 1146–1210 · 665 words · click a number to copy its link

Clytemnestra

1146ἄκουε δή νυν· ἀνακαλύψω γὰρ λόγους, κοὐκέτι παρῳδοῖς χρησόμεσθʼ αἰνίγμασιν. πρῶτον μέν, ἵνα σοι πρῶτα τοῦτʼ ὀνειδίσω, ἔγημας ἄκουσάν με κἄλαβες βίᾳ, 1150τὸν πρόσθεν ἄνδρα Τάνταλον κατακτανών· βρέφος τε τοὐμὸν σῷ προσούδισας πάλῳ, μαστῶν βιαίως τῶν ἐμῶν ἀποσπάσας. καὶ τὼ Διός σε παῖδʼ, ἐμὼ δὲ συγγόνω, ἵπποισι μαρμαίροντʼ ἐπεστρατευσάτην· 1155πατὴρ δὲ πρέσβυς Τυνδάρεώς σʼ ἐρρύσατο ἱκέτην γενόμενον, τἀμὰ δʼ ἔσχες αὖ λέχη. οὗ σοι καταλλαχθεῖσα περὶ σὲ καὶ δόμους συμμαρτυρήσεις ὡς ἄμεμπτος ἦ γυνή, ἔς τʼ Ἀφροδίτην σωφρονοῦσα καὶ τὸ σὸν 1160μέλαθρον αὔξουσʼ, ὥστε σʼ εἰσιόντα τε χαίρειν θύραζέ τʼ ἐξιόντʼ εὐδαιμονεῖν. σπάνιον δὲ θήρευμʼ ἀνδρὶ τοιαύτην λαβεῖν δάμαρτα· φλαύραν δʼ οὐ σπάνις γυναῖκʼ ἔχειν. τίκτω δʼ ἐπὶ τρισὶ παρθένοισι παῖδά σοι 1165τόνδʼ, ὧν μιᾶς σὺ τλημόνως μʼ ἀποστερεῖς. κἄν τίς σʼ ἔρηται τίνος ἕκατί νιν κτενεῖς, λέξον, τί φήσεις; ἢ ʼμὲ χρὴ λέγειν τὰ σά; Ἑλένην Μενέλεως ἵνα λάβῃ. καλὸν γένος, κακῆς γυναικὸς μισθὸν ἀποτεῖσαι τέκνα. 1170τἄχθιστα τοῖσι φιλτάτοις ὠνούμεθα. ἄγʼ, εἰ στρατεύσῃ καταλιπών μʼ ἐν δώμασιν, κἀκεῖ γενήσῃ διὰ μακρᾶς ἀπουσίας, τίνʼ ἐν δόμοις με καρδίαν ἕξειν δοκεῖς; ὅταν θρόνους τῆσδʼ εἰσίδω πάντας κενούς, 1175κενοὺς δὲ παρθενῶνας, ἐπὶ δὲ δακρύοις μόνη κάθωμαι, τήνδε θρηνῳδοῦσʼ ἀεί· Ἀπώλεσέν σʼ, ὦ τέκνον, ὁ φυτεύσας πατήρ, αὐτὸς κτανών, οὐκ ἄλλος οὐδʼ ἄλλῃ χερί, τοιόνδε νόστον καταλιπὼν πρὸς τοὺς δόμους. 1180ἐπεὶ βραχείας προφάσεως ἔδει μόνον, ἐφʼ ᾗ σʼ ἐγὼ καὶ παῖδες αἱ λελειμμέναι δεξόμεθα δέξιν ἥν σε δέξασθαι χρεών. μὴ δῆτα πρὸς θεῶν μήτʼ ἀναγκάσῃς ἐμὲ κακὴν γενέσθαι περὶ σέ, μήτʼ αὐτὸς γένῃ.

Well, now listen; for I will unfold my meaning and no longer employ dark riddles. In the first place—to reproach you first with this—it was not of my own free will but by force that you took and wed me, after slaying Tantalus, my former husband, and dashing my baby on the ground when you had torn him from my breast with brutal violence. Then those two sons of Zeus, who were my brothers, came flashing on horseback to war with you; but Tyndareus, my old father, rescued you because of your suppliant prayers, and you in turn had me to wife. Once I was reconciled to you upon this footing, you will bear me witness I have been a blameless wife to you and your family, chaste in love, an honor to your house, that so your coming in might be with joy and your going out with gladness. And it is seldom a man secures a wife like this, though the getting of a worthless woman Is no rarity. Besides three daughters, of one of whom you are heartlessly depriving me, I am the mother of this son of yours. If anyone asks you your reason for slaying her, tell me, what will you say? or must I say it for you? It is that Menelaus may recover Helen. An honorable exchange, indeed, to pay a wicked woman’s price in children’s lives! It is buying what we most detest with what we hold most dear. Again, if you go forth with the army, leaving me in your halls and are long absent at Troy, what will my feelings be at home, do you think? when I behold each vacant chair and her chamber now deserted, and then sit down alone in tears, making ceaseless lamentation for her, Ah! my child, he that begot you has slain you himself, he and no one else, nor are was it by another’s hand, leaving behind him such a return to his home. For it needs now only a trifling pretext for me and the daughters remaining to give you the reception it is right you should receive. I adjure you by the gods, do not compel me to sin against you, or sin yourself.

Κλυταιμήστρα 1185εἶἑν· θύσεις δὲ παῖδʼ, ἔνθα τίνας εὐχὰς ἐρεῖς; τί σοι κατεύξῃ τἀγαθόν, σφάζων τέκνον; νόστον πονηρόν, οἴκοθέν γʼ αἰσχρῶς ἰών; ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ δίκαιον ἀγαθὸν εὔχεσθαί τί σοι; οὔ τἄρʼ ἀσυνέτους τοὺς θεοὺς ἡγοίμεθʼ ἄν, 1190εἰ τοῖσιν αὐθένταισιν εὖ φρονήσομεν; ἥκων δʼ ἂν Ἄργος προσπέσοις τέκνοισι σοῖς; ἀλλʼ οὐ θέμις σοι. τίς δὲ καὶ προσβλέψεται παίδων σʼ, ἵνʼ αὐτῶν προσέμενος κτάνῃς τινά; ταῦτʼ ἦλθες ἤδη διὰ λόγων, ἢ σκῆπτρά σοι 1195μόνον διαφέρειν καὶ στρατηλατεῖν μέλει; ὃν χρῆν δίκαιον λόγον ἐν Ἀργείοις λέγειν· Βούλεσθʼ, Ἀχαιοί, πλεῖν Φρυγῶν ἐπὶ χθόνα; κλῆρον τίθεσθε παῖδʼ ὅτου θανεῖν χρεών. ἐν ἴσῳ γὰρ ἦν τόδʼ, ἀλλὰ μὴ σὲ ἐξαίρετον 1200σφάγιον παρασχεῖν Δαναΐδαισι παῖδα σήν, ἢ Μενέλεων πρὸ μητρὸς Ἑρμιόνην κτανεῖν, οὗπερ τὸ πρᾶγμʼ ἦν. νῦν δʼ ἐγὼ μὲν ἡ τὸ σὸν σῴζουσα λέκτρον παιδὸς ἐστερήσομαι, ἡ δʼ ἐξαμαρτοῦσʼ, ὑπότροφον νεάνιδα 1205Σπάρτῃ κομίζουσʼ, εὐτυχὴς γενήσεται. τούτων ἄμειψαί μʼ εἴ τι μὴ καλῶς λέγω· εἰ δʼ εὖ λέλεκται, νῶι μὴ δή γε κτάνῃς τὴν σήν τε κἀμὴν παῖδα, καὶ σώφρων ἔσῃ. Χορός πιθοῦ. τὸ γάρ τοι τέκνα συνσῴζειν καλόν, 1210Ἀγάμεμνον· οὐδεὶς πρὸς τάδʼ ἀντερεῖ βροτῶν.

Clytemnestra Well; suppose you sacrifice the child; what prayer will you utter, when it is done? what will the blessing be that you will invoke upon yourself as you are slaying our daughter? An ill returning, seeing the disgrace that speeds your going forth? Is it right that I should pray for any luck to attend you? Surely we should deem the gods devoid of sense, if we harbored a kindly feeling towards murder? Shall you embrace your children on your coming back to Argos? No, you have no right. Will any child of yours ever face you, if you have surrendered one of them to death? Has this ever entered into your calculations, or does your one duty consist in carrying a scepter about and marching at the head of an army? When you might have made this fair proposal among the Argives; Is it your wish, Achaeans, to sail for Phrygia’s shores? Why then, cast lots whose daughter has to die. For that would have been a fair course for you to pursue, instead of picking out your own child for the victim and presenting her to the Danaids; or Menelaus, as it was his concern, should have slain Hermione for her mother. As it is, I, who still am true to your bed, must lose my child; while she, who went astray, will return with her daughter, and live in happiness at Sparta. If I am wrong in my words, answer me; but if they have been fairly urged, do not slay your child, who is mine too, and you will be wise.

Chorus Leader Hearken to her, Agamemnon, for to join in saving your children’s lives is surely a noble deed; no one will deny this.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.