Euripides · Iphigenia at Aulis Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Αὐλίδι

Euripides, Iphigenia at Aulis 115–163: Prologue: Agamemnon sends a second letter to stop Iphigenia

Agamemnon tells the old servant that he has changed his mind and is sending a second letter, to forbid Clytemnestra to send their daughter to Aulis. The old servant asks how Achilles will take being cheated, and Agamemnon says that Achilles lent his name without knowing it. He sends the old man off, telling him to guard the seal and watch the roads, and says that no one was ever born to a painless life.

Lines 115–163 · 346 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἀγαμέμνων 115πέμπω σοι πρὸς ταῖς πρόσθεν δέλτους, ὦ Λήδας ἔρνος— Πρεσβύτης λέγε καὶ σήμαινʼ, ἵνα καὶ γλώσσῃ σύντονα τοῖς σοῖς γράμμασιν αὐδῶ. Ἀγαμέμνων μὴ στέλλειν τὰν σὰν ἶνιν πρὸς 120τὰν κολπώδη πτέρυγʼ Εὐβοίας Αὖλιν ἀκλύσταν. εἰς ἄλλας ὥρας γὰρ δὴ παιδὸς δαίσομεν ὑμεναίους. Πρεσβύτης καὶ πῶς Ἀχιλεὺς λέκτρων ἀπλακὼν 125οὐ μέγα φυσῶν θυμὸν ἐπαρεῖ σοὶ σῇ τʼ ἀλόχῳ; τόδε καὶ δεινόν· σήμαινʼ ὅ τι φῄς. Ἀγαμέμνων ὄνομʼ, οὐκ ἔργον, παρέχων Ἀχιλεὺς οὐκ οἶδε γάμους, οὐδʼ ὅ τι πράσσομεν, 130οὐδʼ ὅτι κείνῳ παῖδʼ ἐπεφήμισα νυμφείους εἰς ἀγκώνων εὐνὰς ἐκδώσειν λέκτροις. Πρεσβύτης δεινά γʼ ἐτόλμας, Ἀγάμεμνον ἄναξ, ὃς τῷ τῆς θεᾶς σὴν παῖδʼ ἄλοχον 135φατίσας ἦγες σφάγιον Δαναοῖς. Ἀγαμέμνων οἴμοι, γνώμας ἐξέσταν, αἰαῖ, πίπτω δʼ εἰς ἄταν. ἀλλʼ ἴθʼ ἐρέσσων σὸν πόδα, γήρᾳ 140μηδὲν ὑπείκων. Πρεσβύτης σπεύδω, βασιλεῦ. Ἀγαμέμνων μή νυν μήτʼ ἀλσώδεις ἵζου κρήνας μήθʼ ὕπνῳ θελχθῇς. Πρεσβύτης εὔφημα θρόει. Ἀγαμέμνων πάντῃ δὲ πόρον σχιστὸν ἀμείβων 145λεῦσσε, φυλάσσων μή τίς σε λάθῃ τροχαλοῖσιν ὄχοις παραμειψαμένη παῖδα κομίζουσʼ ἐνθάδʼ ἀπήνη Δαναῶν πρὸς ναῦς. Πρεσβύτης ἔσται τάδε. Ἀγαμέμνων κλῄθρων δʼ ἐξόρμοις 150ἤν νιν πομπαῖς ἀντήσῃς, πάλιν εἰσόρμα, σεῖε χαλινούς, ἐπὶ Κυκλώπων ἱεὶς θυμέλας. Πρεσβύτης πιστὸς δὲ φράσας τάδε πῶς ἔσομαι, λέγε, παιδὶ σέθεν τῇ σῇ τʼ ἀλόχῳ; Ἀγαμέμνων 155σφραγῖδα φύλασσʼ ἣν ἐπὶ δέλτῳ τήνδε κομίζεις. ἴθι. λευκαίνει τόδε φῶς ἤδη λάμπουσʼ ἠὼς πῦρ τε τεθρίππων τῶν Ἀελίου· 160σύλλαβε μόχθων. θνητῶν δʼ ὄλβιος ἐς τέλος οὐδεὶς οὐδʼ εὐδαίμων· οὔπω γὰρ ἔφυ τις ἄλυπος.

Agamemnon Daughter of Leda, in addition to my first letter, I am sending you word —.

Old man Say on and make it plain, that what my tongue utters may accord with what you have written.

Agamemnon Not to despatch your daughter to Euboea’s deep-gulfed wing, to the waveless bay of Aulis, for after all we will celebrate our child’s wedding at another time.

Old man And how will Achilles, cheated of his bride, curb the fury of his indignation against you and your wife? Here also is a danger. Make clear what you are saying.

Agamemnon It is his name, not himself that Achilles is lending, knowing nothing of the marriage or of my scheming or my professed readiness to betroth my daughter to him for a husband’s embrace.

Old man A dreadful venture yours, king Agamemnon, you that, by promise of your daughter’s hand to the son of the goddess, were bringing the maid here to be sacrificed for the Danaids.

Agamemnon Ah me! I am utterly distraught; alas! bewilderment comes over me. Away! hurry your steps, yielding nothing to old age.

Old man I will make haste, king.

Agamemnon Do not sit down by woodland fountains; scorn the witcheries of sleep.

Old man Hush!

Agamemnon And when you pass any place where roads diverge, cast your eyes all round, taking heed that no mule-wagon escape you, passing by on rolling wheels, bearing my child to the ships of the Danaids.

Old man It shall be so.

Agamemnon Start then from the bolted gates, and if you meet the escort, start them back again, and drive at full speed to the abodes of the Cyclopes.

Old man But tell me, how shall my message find credit with your wife or child?

Agamemnon Preserve the seal which you bear on this tablet. Away! Already the dawn is growing grey, lighting the lamp of day and the fire of the sun’s four steeds; help me in my trouble. No mortal is prosperous or happy to the last, for no one was ever born to a painless life.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.