Euripides · Iphigenia at Aulis Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Αὐλίδι

Euripides, Iphigenia at Aulis 440–472: First episode: Agamemnon laments his plight

Agamemnon sends the messenger in and says that humble birth has an advantage, since the poor may weep freely while the high-born must keep their dignity. He dreads facing his wife and pities his daughter, and he blames Paris and Helen for his ruin. The Chorus Leader says that a stranger woman may pity the misfortunes of royalty, and Menelaus asks for his brother's hand, and Agamemnon gives it, saying that the victory is his brother's and the sorrow his own.

Lines 440–472 · 308 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἀγαμέμνων 440ἐπῄνεσʼ, ἀλλὰ στεῖχε δωμάτων ἔσω· τὰ δʼ ἄλλʼ ἰούσης τῆς τύχης ἔσται καλῶς. οἴμοι, τί φῶ δύστηνος; ἄρξωμαι πόθεν; ἐς οἷʼ ἀνάγκης ζεύγματʼ ἐμπεπτώκαμεν. ὑπῆλθε δαίμων, ὥστε τῶν σοφισμάτων 445πολλῷ γενέσθαι τῶν ἐμῶν σοφώτερος. ἡ δυσγένεια δʼ ὡς ἔχει τι χρήσιμον. καὶ γὰρ δακρῦσαι ῥᾳδίως αὐτοῖς ἔχει, ἅπαντά τʼ εἰπεῖν. τῷ δὲ γενναίῳ φύσιν ἄνολβα ταῦτα. προστάτην δὲ τοῦ βίου 450τὸν ὄγκον ἔχομεν τῷ τʼ ὄχλῳ δουλεύομεν. ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐκβαλεῖν μὲν αἰδοῦμαι δάκρυ, τὸ μὴ δακρῦσαι δʼ αὖθις αἰδοῦμαι τάλας, ἐς τὰς μεγίστας συμφορὰς ἀφιγμένος. εἶἑν· τί φήσω πρὸς δάμαρτα τὴν ἐμήν; 455πῶς δέξομαί νιν; ποῖον ὄμμα συμβαλῶ; καὶ γάρ μʼ ἀπώλεσʼ ἐπὶ κακοῖς ἅ μοι πάρος ἐλθοῦσʼ ἄκλητος. εἰκότως δʼ ἅμʼ ἕσπετο θυγατρὶ νυμφεύσουσα καὶ τὰ φίλτατα δώσουσʼ, ἵνʼ ἡμᾶς ὄντας εὑρήσει κακούς. 460τὴν δʼ αὖ τάλαιναν παρθένον — τί παρθένον; Ἅιδης νιν, ὡς ἔοικε, νυμφεύσει τάχα — ὡς ᾤκτισʼ· οἶμαι γάρ νιν ἱκετεύσειν τάδε· Ὦ πάτερ, ἀποκτενεῖς με; τοιούτους γάμους γήμειας αὐτὸς χὥστις ἐστί σοι φίλος. 465παρὼν δʼ Ὀρέστης ἐγγὺς ἀναβοήσεται οὐ συνετὰ συνετῶς· ἔτι γάρ ἐστι νήπιος. αἰαῖ, τὸν Ἑλένης ὥς μʼ ἀπώλεσεν γάμον γήμας ὁ Πριάμου Πάρις, ὃς εἴργασται τάδε. Χορός κἀγὼ κατῴκτιρʼ, ὡς γυναῖκα δεῖ ξένην 470ὑπὲρ τυράννων συμφορᾶς καταστένειν.

Agamemnon You have my thanks; now go within; for the rest it will be well, as Fate proceeds. Ah, woe is me! unhappy wretch, what can I say? where shall I begin? To what cruel straits have I been plunged! A god has outwitted me, proving far cleverer than any cunning of mine. What an advantage humble birth possesses! for it is easy for her sons to weep and tell out all their sorrows; while to the high-born man come these same sorrows, but we have dignity throned over our life and are the people’s slaves. I, for instance, am ashamed to weep, and no less ashamed, poor wretch, to check my tears at the dreadful pass to which I am brought. Enough; what am I to tell my wife? how shall I welcome her? with what face meet her? for she too has undone me by coming uninvited in this my hour of sorrow; yet it was only natural she should come with her daughter to prepare the bride and perform the fondest duties, where she will discover my villainy. And for this poor maid—why maid? Death, it seems, will soon make her his bride—how I pity her! Thus will she plead to me, I think: My father, will you slay me? May you yourself make such a marriage, and whoever is a friend to you! While Orestes, from his station near us, will cry in childish accents, inarticulate, yet fraught with meaning. Alas! to what utter ruin Paris, the son of Priam, the cause of these troubles, has brought me by his union with Helen!

Chorus Leader I pity her myself, as a woman who is a stranger may grieve for the misfortunes of royalty.

Μενέλαος 471ἀδελφέ, δός μοι δεξιᾶς τῆς σῆς θιγεῖν. Ἀγαμέμνων δίδωμι· σὸν γὰρ τὸ κράτος, ἄθλιος δʼ ἐγώ.

Menelaus Your hand, brother! let me grasp it.

Agamemnon I give it; yours is the victory, mine the sorrow.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.