Euripides · Iphigenia at Aulis Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Αὐλίδι

Euripides, Iphigenia at Aulis 900–976: Third episode: Clytemnestra begs Achilles for help

Clytemnestra kneels to Achilles, begging him to protect her daughter, who has been brought here in his name. Achilles says that he is angered at the use of his name, and that he will not let it be used to kill the girl. He promises to persuade Agamemnon, or else to prevent the deed with his sword.

Lines 900–976 · 818 words · click a number to copy its link

Clytemnestra

900οὐκ ἐπαιδεσθήσομαί γε προσπεσεῖν τὸ σὸν γόνυ, θνητὸς ἐκ θεᾶς γεγῶτα· τί γὰρ ἐγὼ σεμνύνομαι; ἢ τίνος σπουδαστέον μοι μᾶλλον ἢ τέκνου πέρι; ἀλλʼ ἄμυνον, ὦ θεᾶς παῖ, τῇ τʼ ἐμῇ δυσπραξίᾳ τῇ τε λεχθείσῃ δάμαρτι σῇ — μάτην μέν, ἀλλʼ ὅμως. 905σοὶ καταστέψασʼ ἐγώ νιν ἦγον ὡς γαμουμένην, νῦν δʼ ἐπὶ σφαγὰς κομίζω· σοὶ δʼ ὄνειδος ἵξεται, ὅστις οὐκ ἤμυνας· εἰ γὰρ μὴ γάμοισιν ἐζύγης, ἀλλʼ ἐκλήθης γοῦν ταλαίνης παρθένου φίλος πόσις. πρὸς γενειάδος σε, πρός σε δεξιᾶς, πρὸς μητέρος — 910ὄνομα γὰρ τὸ σόν μʼ ἀπώλεσʼ, ᾧ σʼ ἀμυναθεῖν χρεών — οὐκ ἔχω βωμὸν καταφυγεῖν ἄλλον ἢ τὸ σὸν γόνυ· οὐδὲ φίλος οὐδεὶς γελᾷ μοι· τὰ δʼ Ἀγαμέμνονος κλύεις, ὠμὰ καὶ πάντολμʼ· ἀφῖγμαι δʼ, ὥσπερ εἰσορᾷς, γυνὴ ναυτικὸν στράτευμʼ ἄναρχον κἀπὶ τοῖς κακοῖς θρασύ— 915χρήσιμον δʼ, ὅταν θέλωσιν. ἢν δὲ τολμήσῃς σύ μου χεῖρʼ ὑπερτεῖναι, σεσῴσμεθʼ· εἰ δὲ μή, οὐ σεσῴσμεθα.

No longer will I let shame prevent my kneeling to you, a mortal to one goddess-born; why do I affect reserve? whose interests should I consult before my child’s? Oh! help me, goddess-born, in my sore distress, and her that was called your bride, in vain, it is true, yet called she was. For you it was I wreathed her head and led her forth as if to marriage, but now it is to slaughter I am bringing her. On you will come reproach because you did not help her; for though not wedded to her, yet were you the loving husband of my hapless girl in name at any rate. By your beard, your right hand, and mother too I do implore you; for your name it was that worked my ruin, and you are bound to stand by that. Except your knees I have no altar to fly to; and not a friend stands at my side. You have heard the cruel abandoned scheme of Agamemnon; and I, a woman, have come, as you see, to a camp of lawless sailor-folk, bold in evil’s cause, though useful when they wish; Now if you boldly stretch forth your arm in my behalf, our safety is assured; but if not, we are lost.

Χορός 917δεινὸν τὸ τίκτειν καὶ φέρει φίλτρον μέγα πᾶσίν τε κοινὸν ὥσθʼ ὑπερκάμνειν τέκνων. Ἀχιλλεύς ὑψηλόφρων μοι θυμὸς αἴρεται πρόσω· 920ἐπίσταμαι δὲ τοῖς κακοῖσί τʼ ἀσχαλᾶν μετρίως τε χαίρειν τοῖσιν ἐξωγκωμένοις. λελογισμένοι γὰρ οἱ τοιοίδʼ εἰσὶν βροτῶν ὀρθῶς διαζῆν τὸν βίον γνώμης μέτα. ἔστιν μὲν οὖν ἵνʼ ἡδὺ μὴ λίαν φρονεῖν, 925ἔστιν δὲ χὥπου χρήσιμον γνώμην ἔχειν. ἐγὼ δʼ, ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου τραφεὶς Χείρωνος, ἔμαθον τοὺς τρόπους ἁπλοῦς ἔχειν. καὶ τοῖς Ἀτρείδαις, ἢν μὲν ἡγῶνται καλῶς, πεισόμεθʼ, ὅταν δὲ μὴ καλῶς, οὐ πείσομαι. 930ἀλλʼ ἐνθάδʼ ἐν Τροίᾳ τʼ ἐλευθέραν φύσιν παρέχων, Ἄρη τὸ κατʼ ἐμὲ κοσμήσω δορί. σὲ δʼ, ὦ σχέτλια παθοῦσα πρὸς τῶν φιλτάτων, ἃ δὴ κατʼ ἄνδρα γίγνεται νεανίαν, τοσοῦτον οἶκτον περιβαλὼν καταστελῶ, 935κοὔποτε κόρη σὴ πρὸς πατρὸς σφαγήσεται, ἐμὴ φατισθεῖσʼ· οὐ γὰρ ἐμπλέκειν πλοκὰς ἐγὼ παρέξω σῷ πόσει τοὐμὸν δέμας. τοὔνομα γάρ, εἰ καὶ μὴ σίδηρον ἤρατο, τοὐμὸν φονεύσει παῖδα σήν. τὸ δʼ αἴτιον 940πόσις σός. ἁγνὸν δʼ οὐκέτʼ ἐστὶ σῶμʼ ἐμόν, εἰ διʼ ἔμʼ ὀλεῖται διά τε τοὺς ἐμοὺς γάμους ἡ δεινὰ τλᾶσα κοὐκ ἀνεκτὰ παρθένος, θαυμαστὰ δʼ ὡς ἀνάξιʼ ἠτιμασμένη.

Chorus Leader A strange thing is motherhood, carrying with it a potent spell, in which all share, so that for their children’s sake they will endure affliction.

Achilles My proud spirit is stirred to range aloft, but I have learned to grieve in misfortune and rejoice in high prosperity with equal moderation. For these are the men who can count on ordering all their life rightly by wisdom’s rules. True, there are cases where it is pleasant not to be too wise, but there are others, where some store of wisdom helps. Brought up in godly Chiron’s halls myself, I learned to keep a single heart; and provided the Atridae lead well, I will obey them; but when they cease from that, no more will I obey; no, but here and in Troy I will show the freedom of my nature, and, as far as in me lies, do honor to Ares with my spear. You, lady, who have suffered so cruelly from your nearest and dearest, I will, by every effort in a young man’s power, set right, investing you with that amount of pity and never shall your daughter, after being once called my bride, die by her father’s hand; for I will not lend myself to your husband’s subtle tricks; no! for it will be my name that kills your child, although it does not wield the sword. Your own husband is the actual cause, but I shall no longer be guiltless, if, because of me and my marriage, this maiden perishes, she that has suffered past endurance and been the victim of affronts most strangely undeserved.

Ἀχιλλεύς 944ἐγὼ κάκιστος ἦν ἄρʼ Ἀργείων ἀνήρ, 945ἐγὼ τὸ μηδέν, Μενέλεως δʼ ἐν ἀνδράσιν, ὡς οὐχὶ Πηλέως, ἀλλʼ ἀλάστορος γεγώς, εἴπερ φονεύει τοὐμὸν ὄνομα σῷ πόσει. μὰ τὸν διʼ ὑγρῶν κυμάτων τεθραμμένον Νηρέα, φυτουργὸν Θέτιδος ἥ μʼ ἐγείνατο, 950οὐχ ἅψεται σῆς θυγατρὸς Ἀγαμέμνων ἄναξ, οὐδʼ εἰς ἄκραν χεῖρʼ, ὥστε προσβαλεῖν πέπλοις· ἢ Σίπυλος ἔσται πόλις, ὅρισμα βαρβάρων, ὅθεν πεφύκασʼ οἱ στρατηλάται γένος, Φθίας δὲ τοὔνομʼ οὐδαμοῦ κεκλήσεται. 955πικροὺς δὲ προχύτας χέρνιβάς τʼ ἀνάξεται Κάλχας ὁ μάντις. τίς δὲ μάντις ἔστʼ ἀνήρ, ὃς ὀλίγʼ ἀληθῆ, πολλὰ δὲ ψευδῆ λέγει τυχών, ὅταν δὲ μὴ τύχῃ, διοίχεται; οὐ τῶν γάμων ἕκατι — μυρίαι κόραι 960θηρῶσι λέκτρον τοὐμόν — εἴρηται τόδε· ἀλλʼ ὕβριν ἐς ἡμᾶς ὕβρισʼ Ἀγαμέμνων ἄναξ. χρῆν δʼ αὐτὸν αἰτεῖν τοὐμὸν ὄνομʼ ἐμοῦ πάρα, θήραμα παιδός· ἡ Κλυταιμήστρα δʼ ἐμοὶ μάλιστʼ ἐπείσθη θυγατέρʼ ἐκδοῦναι πόσει. 965ἔδωκά τἂν Ἕλλησιν, εἰ πρὸς Ἴλιον ἐν τῷδʼ ἔκαμνε νόστος· οὐκ ἠρνούμεθʼ ἂν τὸ κοινὸν αὔξειν ὧν μέτʼ ἐστρατευόμην. νῦν δʼ οὐδέν εἰμι, παρὰ δὲ τοῖς στρατηλάταις ἐν εὐμαρεῖ με δρᾶν τε καὶ μὴ δρᾶν κακῶς. 970τάχʼ εἴσεται σίδηρος, ὃν πρὶν ἐς Φρύγας ἐλθεῖν, φόνου κηλῖσιν αἵματι χρανῶ, εἴ τίς με τὴν σὴν θυγατέρʼ ἐξαιρήσεται. ἀλλʼ ἡσύχαζε· θεὸς ἐγὼ πέφηνά σοι μέγιστος, οὐκ ὤν· ἀλλʼ ὅμως γενήσομαι. Χορός 975ἔλεξας, ὦ παῖ Πηλέως, σοῦ τʼ ἄξια καὶ τῆς ἐναλίας δαίμονος, σεμνῆς θεοῦ.

Achilles So am I made the poorest wretch in Argos; I a thing of nothing, and Menelaus counting for a man! No son of Peleus I, but the issue of a vengeful fiend, if my name shall serve your husband for the murder. No! by Nereus, who begot my mother Thetis, in his home amid the flowing waves, never shall king Agamemnon touch your daughter, no! not even to the laying of a finger-tip upon her robe; or Sipylus, that frontier town of barbarism, the cradle of those chieftains’ line, will be henceforth a city indeed, while Phthia’s name will nowhere find mention. Calchas, the seer, shall rue beginning the sacrifice with his barley-meal and lustral water. Why, what is a seer? A man who with luck tells the truth sometimes, with frequent falsehoods, but when his luck deserts him, collapses then and there. It is not to secure a bride that I have spoken thus—there are maids unnumbered eager to have my love—no! but king Agamemnon has put an insult on me; he should have asked my leave to use my name as a means to catch the child, for it was I chiefly who induced Clytemnestra to betroth her daughter to me; I would have yielded this to Hellas, if that was where our going to Ilium broke down; I would never have refused to further my fellow soldiers’ common interest. But as it is, I am as nothing in the eyes of those chieftains, and little they care of treating me well or ill. My sword shall soon know if any one is to snatch your daughter from me, for then will I make it reek with the bloody stains of slaughter, before it reach Phrygia. Calm yourself then; as a god in his might I appeared to you, without being so, but such will I show myself for all that.

Chorus Leader Son of Peleus, your words are alike worthy of you and that sea-born deity, the holy goddess.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Iphigenia at Aulis 900–976: Clytemnestra begs Achilles for…