Euripides · Iphigenia at Aulis Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Αὐλίδι

Euripides, Iphigenia at Aulis 801–856: Third episode: Achilles meets Clytemnestra and the wedding is denied

Achilles arrives, calling for Agamemnon and complaining that his Myrmidons are restless at the delay. He meets Clytemnestra, who gives her name and her hand, and speaks of the marriage. Achilles, who knows nothing of it, is bewildered, and she withdraws in shame. As he turns to seek the king, the old servant calls him back.

Lines 801–856 · 568 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἀχιλλεύς 801ποῦ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἐνθάδʼ ὁ στρατηλάτης; τίς ἂν φράσειε προσπόλων τὸν Πηλέως ζητοῦντά νιν παῖδʼ ἐν πύλαις Ἀχιλλέα; οὐκ ἐξ ἴσου γὰρ μένομεν Εὐρίπου πέλας. 805οἳ μὲν γὰρ ἡμῶν, ὄντες ἄζυγες γάμων, οἴκους ἐρήμους ἐκλιπόντες ἐνθάδε θάσσουσʼ ἐπʼ ἀκταῖς, οἳ δʼ ἔχοντες εὔνιδας ἄπαιδες· οὕτω δεινὸς ἐμπέπτωκʼ ἔρως τῆσδε στρατείας Ἑλλάδʼ οὐκ ἄνευ θεῶν. 810τοὐμὸν μὲν οὖν δίκαιον ἐμὲ λέγειν χρεών, ἄλλος δʼ ὁ χρῄζων αὐτὸς ὑπὲρ αὑτοῦ φράσει. γῆν γὰρ λιπὼν Φάρσαλον ἠδὲ Πηλέα μένω ʼπὶ λεπταῖς ταισίδʼ Εὐρίπου πνοαῖς, Μυρμιδόνας ἴσχων· οἳ δʼ ἀεὶ προσκείμενοι 815λέγουσʼ· Ἀχιλλεῦ, τί μένομεν; πόσον χρόνον ἔτʼ ἐκμετρῆσαι χρὴ πρὸς Ἰλίου στόλον; δρᾶ γʼ, εἴ τι δράσεις, ἢ ἄπαγʼ οἴκαδε στρατόν, τὰ τῶν Ἀτρειδῶν μὴ μένων μελλήματα. Κλυταιμήστρα ὦ παῖ θεᾶς Νηρῇδος, ἔνδοθεν λόγων 820τῶν σῶν ἀκούσασʼ ἐξέβην πρὸ δωμάτων. Ἀχιλλεύς ὦ πότνιʼ αἰδώς, τήνδε τίνα λεύσσω ποτὲ γυναῖκα, μορφὴν εὐπρεπῆ κεκτημένην; Κλυταιμήστρα οὐ θαῦμά σʼ ἡμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, οἷς μὴ πάρος προσῆκες· αἰνῶ δʼ ὅτι σέβεις τὸ σωφρονεῖν. Ἀχιλλεύς 825τίς δʼ εἶ; τί δʼ ἦλθες Δαναϊδῶν ἐς σύλλογον, γυνὴ πρὸς ἄνδρας ἀσπίσιν πεφραγμένους; Κλυταιμήστρα Λήδας μέν εἰμι παῖς, Κλυταιμήστρα δέ μοι ὄνομα, πόσις δέ μοὐστὶν Ἀγαμέμνων ἄναξ. Ἀχιλλεύς καλῶς ἔλεξας ἐν βραχεῖ τὰ καίρια. 830αἰσχρὸν δέ μοι γυναιξὶ συμβάλλειν λόγους.

Achilles Where is Achaea’s general? Which of his servants will announce to him that Achilles, the son of Peleus, is at his gates seeking him? For this delay at the Euripus is not the same for all of us; there are some, for instance, who, being still unwed, have left their houses desolate and are idling here upon the beach, while others are married but without children; so strange the longing for this expedition that has fallen on their hearts by the will of the gods. My own just plea I must declare, and whoever else has any wish will speak for himself. Though I have left Pharsalia, and Peleus, still I linger here by reason of these light breezes at the Euripus, restraining my Myrmidons, while they are always pressing on me, saying: Why do we tarry, Achilles? how much longer must we count the days to the start for Ilium? do something if you are so minded; or lead home your men, and do not wait for the tardy action of these Atridae.

Clytemnestra Hail to you, son of the Nereid goddess! I heard your voice from within the tent and came forth.

Achilles O modesty revered! who can this lady be whom I behold, so richly dowered with beauty’s gifts?

Clytemnestra No wonder you do not know me, seeing I am one you have never before set eyes on; I praise your reverent address to modesty.

Achilles Who are you, and why have you come to the mustering of the Danaids—you, a woman, to a fenced camp of men?

Clytemnestra I am the daughter of Leda; my name is Clytemnestra; and my husband king Agamemnon.

Achilles Well and shortly answered on all important points, but it is shameful for me to stand talking to women.

Κλυταιμήστρα 831μεῖνον — τί φεύγεις; — δεξιάν τʼ ἐμῇ χερὶ σύναψον, ἀρχὴν μακαρίαν νυμφευμάτων. Ἀχιλλεύς τί φῄς; ἐγώ σοι δεξιάν; αἰδοίμεθʼ ἂν Ἀγαμέμνονʼ, εἰ ψαύοιμεν ὧν μή μοι θέμις. Κλυταιμήστρα 835θέμις μάλιστα, τὴν ἐμὴν ἐπεὶ γαμεῖς παῖδʼ, ὦ θεᾶς παῖ ποντίας Νηρηίδος. Ἀχιλλεύς ποίους γάμους φῄς; ἀφασία μʼ ἔχει, γύναι· εἰ μή τι παρανοοῦσα καινουργεῖς λόγον; Κλυταιμήστρα πᾶσιν τόδʼ ἐμπέφυκεν, αἰδεῖσθαι φίλους 840καινοὺς ὁρῶσι καὶ γάμου μεμνημένοις. Ἀχιλλεύς οὐπώποτʼ ἐμνήστευσα παῖδα σήν, γύναι, οὐδʼ ἐξ Ἀτρειδῶν ἦλθέ μοι λόγος γάμων. Κλυταιμήστρα τί δῆτʼ ἂν εἴη; σὺ πάλιν αὖ λόγους ἐμοὺς θαύμαζʼ· ἐμοὶ γὰρ θαύματʼ ἐστὶ τὰ παρὰ σοῦ. Ἀχιλλεύς 845εἴκαζε· κοινόν ἐστιν εἰκάζειν τάδε· ἄμφω γὰρ οὐ ψευδόμεθα τοῖς λόγοις ἴσως. Κλυταιμήστρα ἀλλʼ ἦ πέπονθα δεινά; μνηστεύω γάμους οὐκ ὄντας, ὡς εἴξασιν· αἰδοῦμαι τάδε. Ἀχιλλεύς ἴσως ἐκερτόμησε κἀμὲ καὶ σέ τις. 850ἀλλʼ ἀμελίᾳ δὸς αὐτὰ καὶ φαύλως φέρε. Κλυταιμήστρα χαῖρʼ· οὐ γὰρ ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασίν σʼ ἔτʼ εἰσορῶ, ψευδὴς γενομένη καὶ παθοῦσʼ ἀνάξια. Ἀχιλλεύς καὶ σοὶ τόδʼ ἐστὶν ἐξ ἐμοῦ· πόσιν δὲ σὸν στείχω ματεύσων τῶνδε δωμάτων ἔσω.

Clytemnestra Stay; why seek to escape? give me your hand, a prelude to a happy marriage.

Achilles What is it you say? I give you my hand? To lay a finger where I have no right, I could never meet Agamemnon’s eye.

Clytemnestra The best of rights you have, seeing it is my child you will wed, O son of the sea-goddess, daughter of Nereus.

Achilles What wedding do you speak of? Words fail me, lady; can your wits have gone astray and are you inventing this?

Clytemnestra All men are naturally shy in the presence of new relations, when these remind them of their wedding.

Achilles Lady, I have never courted your daughter, nor have the sons of Atreus ever mentioned marriage to me.

Clytemnestra What can it mean? Your turn now to marvel at my words, for yours are very strange to me.

Achilles Hazard a guess; that we can both do in this matter; for it may be we are both correct in our statements.

Clytemnestra What! have I suffered such indignity? The marriage I am courting has no reality it seems; I am ashamed of it.

Achilles Some one perhaps has made a mock of you and me; pay no heed to it; make light of it.

Clytemnestra Farewell; I can no longer face you with unfaltering eyes, after being made a liar and suffering undeservedly.

Achilles It is farewell I bid you too, lady; and I go within the tent to seek your husband.

Old man

855ὦ ξένʼ, Αἰακοῦ γένεθλον, μεῖνον· ὦ, σέ τοι λέγω, τὸν θεᾶς γεγῶτα παῖδα, καὶ σέ, τὴν Λήδας κόρην.

Stranger of the race of Aeacus, stay awhile! Ho there! I mean you, O goddess-born, and you, daughter of Leda.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Iphigenia at Aulis 801–856: Achilles meets Clytemnestra and…