Euripides · Helen Ἑλένη

Euripides, Helen 1085–1164: Fifth episode: Helen's prayer; the Chorus sings to the nightingale

Helen tells Menelaus to wait at the tomb while she goes in to cut her hair and put on black. She prays to Hera and to Aphrodite for deliverance. The Chorus calls on the nightingale to join its lament, and sings of the Trojan war and of the uncertainty of divine things.

Lines 1085–1164 · 609 words · click a number to copy its link

Helen

1085αὐτοῦ μένʼ· ἢν γὰρ καί τι πλημμελές σε δρᾷ, τάφος σʼ ὅδʼ ἂν ῥύσαιτο φάσγανόν τε σόν. ἐγὼ δʼ ἐς οἴκους βᾶσα βοστρύχους τεμῶ πέπλων τε λευκῶν μέλανας ἀνταλλάξομαι παρῇδί τʼ ὄνυχα φόνιον ἐμβαλῶ χροός. 1090μέγας γὰρ ἁγών, καὶ βλέπω δύο ῥοπάς· ἢ γὰρ θανεῖν δεῖ μʼ, ἢν ἁλῶ τεχνωμένη, ἢ πατρίδα τʼ ἐλθεῖν καὶ σὸν ἐκσῷσαι δέμας. ὦ πότνιʼ ἣ Δίοισιν ἐν λέκτροις πίτνεις Ἥρα, δύʼ οἰκτρὼ φῶτʼ ἀνάψυξον πόνων, 1095αἰτούμεθʼ ὀρθὰς ὠλένας πρὸς οὐρανὸν ῥίπτονθʼ, ἵνʼ οἰκεῖς ἀστέρων ποικίλματα. σύ θʼ, ἣ ʼπὶ τὠμῷ κάλλος ἐκτήσω γάμῳ, κόρη Διώνης Κύπρι, μή μʼ ἐξεργάσῃ. ἅλις δὲ λύμης ἥν μʼ ἐλυμήνω πάρος 1100τοὔνομα παρασχοῦσʼ, οὐ τὸ σῶμʼ, ἐν βαρβάροις. θανεῖν δʼ ἔασόν μʼ, εἰ κατακτεῖναι θέλεις, ἐν γῇ πατρῴᾳ. τί ποτʼ ἄπληστος εἶ κακῶν, ἔρωτας ἀπάτας δόλιά τʼ ἐξευρήματα ἀσκοῦσα φίλτρα θʼ αἱματηρὰ δωμάτων; 1105εἰ δʼ ἦσθα μετρία, τἄλλα γʼ ἡδίστη θεῶν πέφυκας ἀνθρώποισιν· οὐκ ἄλλως λέγω.

Stay here; for if he does something harsh to you, this tomb and your sword would protect you. But I will go into the house, cut off my hair, exchange my white robe for a dark one, and tear my cheek with nails that make the flesh bloody. For the contest is a great one, and I see two turns of the scale: either I must die if I am detected in my plot, or else come home and save you as well. Lady Hera, you who lie in the bed of Zeus, grant relief from their labors to two pitiable creatures; we beg you, casting our arms straight towards heaven, where you have your home in an embroidery of stars. And you, who won the prize of beauty at the price of my marriage, Kypris, daughter of Dione, do not destroy me utterly. You have maltreated me enough before now, handing over my name, though not my body, to barbarians. Let me die, if you want to kill me, in my native land. Why are you so insatiable for mischief, practising arts of love, deceits, and treacherous schemes, and magic spells that bring bloodshed on families? If you were only moderate, in other ways you are by nature the sweetest of gods for men; I don’t deny it.

Chorus

1107σὲ τὰν ἐναύλοις ὑπὸ δενδροκόμοις μουσεῖα καὶ θάκους ἐνί- ζουσαν ἀναβοάσω, 1110σὲ τὰν ἀοιδοτάταν ὄρνιθα μελῳδὸν ἀηδόνα δακρυόεσσαν, ἔλθʼ ὦ διὰ ξουθᾶν γενύων ἐλελιζομένα θρήνων ἐμοὶ ξυνεργός, Ἑλένας μελέας πόνους 1115τὸν Ἰλιάδων τʼ ἀει- δούσᾳ δακρυόεντα πότμον Ἀχαιῶν ὑπὸ λόγχαις· ὅτʼ ἔδραμε ῥόθια πεδία βαρβάρῳ πλάτᾳ ὅτʼ ἔμολεν ἔμολε, μέλεα Πριαμίδαις ἄγων Λακεδαίμονος ἄπο λέχεα 1120σέθεν, ὦ Ἑλένα, Πάρις αἰνόγαμος πομπαῖσιν Ἀφροδίτας.

Let me call on you, beneath leafy haunts, sitting in your place of song, you, the most sweetly singing bird, tearful nightingale, oh, come, trilling through your tawny throat, to aid me in my lament, as I sing the piteous woes of Helen and the tearful fate of Trojan women under the Achaeans’ spears; when he sped over the surging plains with foreign oar, when he came, came bringing to Priam’s race from Lacedaemon you, Helen, his unhappy bride—Paris, fatally wedded, under the guidance of Aphrodite.

Chorus

1122πολλοὶ δʼ Ἀχαιῶν δορὶ καὶ πετρίναις ῥιπαῖσιν ἐκπνεύσαντες Ἅι- δαν μέλεον ἔχουσιν, 1125ταλαινᾶν ἀλόχων κείραντες ἔθειραν· ἄνυμφα δὲ μέλαθρα κεῖται· πολλοὺς δὲ πυρσεύσας φλογερὸν σέλας ἀμφιρύταν Εὔβοιαν εἷλʼ Ἀχαιῶν μονόκωπος ἀνήρ, πέτραις Καφηρίσιν ἐμβαλὼν 1130Αἰγαίαις τʼ ἐνάλοις δόλιον ἀκταῖς ἀστέρα λάμψας. ἀλίμενα δʼ ὄρεα Μάλεα χειμάτων πνοᾷ, ὅτʼ ἔσυτο πατρίδος ἀποπρό, βαρβάρου στολᾶς γέρας, οὐ γέρας ἀλλʼ ἔριν, 1135Δαναῶν Μενέλας ἐπὶ ναυσὶν ἄγων, εἴδωλον ἱερὸν Ἥρας.

Many of the Achaeans have breathed out their last amid the spears and hurling stones and have gone to unhappy Hades; their wives have cut off their hair in sorrow, and their homes are left without a bride; an Achaean man, who had only a single ship, lit a blazing beacon on sea-girt Euboia, and destroyed many of them, casting them onto the rocks of Kaphareus and the sea-shores of the Aegean, by the treacherous flame he kindled. The mountains of Malea provided no harbor, in the gusts of the storm, when Menelaos sped far away from his country, bearing on his ships a prize of the barbarian expedition, no prize but strife with the Danaans, Hera’s holy phantom.

Chorus

1137ὅ τι θεὸς ἢ μὴ θεὸς ἢ τὸ μέσον, τίς φησʼ ἐρευνήσας βροτῶν μακρότατον πέρας εὑρεῖν 1140ὃς τὰ θεῶν ἐσορᾷ δεῦρο καὶ αὖθις ἐκεῖσε καὶ πάλιν ἀντιλόγοις πηδῶντʼ ἀνελπίστοις τύχαις; σὺ Διὸς ἔφυς, ὦ Ἑλένα, θυγάτηρ· 1145πτανὸς γὰρ ἐν κόλποις σε Λή- δας ἐτέκνωσε πατήρ. κᾆτʼ ἰαχήθης καθʼ Ἑλλανίαν προδότις ἄπιστος ἄδικος ἄθεος· οὐδʼ ἔχω τί τὸ σαφὲς ἔτι ποτʼ ἐν βροτοῖς· 1150τὸ τῶν θεῶν δʼ ἔπος ἀλαθὲς ηὗρον.

What is god, or what is not god, or what is in between— what mortal says he has found it by searching the farthest limit, when he sees divine affairs leaping here and there again and back, in contradictory and unexpected chances? You, Helen, are the daughter of Zeus; for a winged father begot you in Leda’s womb; and then you were proclaimed throughout Hellas, betrayer, faithless, lawless, godless. I do not know whatever certainty is among mortals, but the word of the gods I have found true.

Chorus

1151ἄφρονες ὅσοι τὰς ἀρετὰς πολέμῳ λόγχαισί τʼ ἀλκαίου δορὸς κτᾶσθε, πόνους ἀμαθῶς θνα- τῶν καταπαυόμενοι· 1155εἰ γὰρ ἅμιλλα κρινεῖ νιν αἵματος, οὔποτʼ ἔρις λείψει κατʼ ἀνθρώπων πόλεις· ᾇ Πριαμίδος γᾶς ἔλαχον θαλάμους, ἐξὸν διορθῶσαι λόγοις 1160σὰν ἔριν, ὦ Ἑλένα. νῦν δʼ οἳ μὲν Ἅιδᾳ μέλονται κάτω, τείχεα δὲ φλογμὸς ὥστε Διός ἐπέσυτο φλόξ, ἐπὶ δὲ πάθεα πάθεσι φέρεις ἀθλίοις συμφοραῖς αἰλίνοις.

You are fools, who try to win a reputation for virtue through war and marshalled lines of spears, senselessly putting an end to mortal troubles; for if a bloody quarrel is to decide it, strife will never leave off in the towns of men; by it they won as their lot bed-chambers of Priam’s earth, when they could have set right by discussion the strife over you, O Helen. And now they are below in Hades’ keeping, and fire has darted onto the walls like the bolt of Zeus, and you are bringing woe on woe . . . .

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.