Euripides · Ion Ἴων

Euripides, Ion 255–310: First episode: Creusa tells Ion of Athens and her ancestry

Ion asks why Creusa weeps, and she gives her name and tells him that she is the daughter of Erechtheus of Athens, whose family springs from Erichthonius, born from Earth. She tells how Athena gave the infant to the daughters of Cecrops to guard, how they opened the chest and died, and how she herself, of her father's children, alone survived. She says that her husband, Xuthus, a foreigner who won her by helping Athens in war, has come with her to ask the oracle about children.

Lines 255–310 · 620 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἴων 255τί χρῆμʼ ἀνερμήνευτα δυσθυμῇ, γύναι; Κρέουσα οὐδέν· μεθῆκα τόξα· τἀπὶ τῷδε δὲ ἐγώ τε σιγῶ, καὶ σὺ μὴ φρόντιζʼ ἔτι. Ἴων τίς δʼ εἶ; πόθεν γῆς ἦλθες; ἐκ ποίας πάτρας πέφυκας; ὄνομα τί σε καλεῖν ἡμᾶς χρεών; Κρέουσα 260Κρέουσα μέν μοι τοὔνομʼ, ἐκ δʼ Ἐρεχθέως πέφυκα, πατρὶς γῆ δʼ Ἀθηναίων πόλις. Ἴων ὦ κλεινὸν οἰκοῦσʼ ἄστυ γενναίων τʼ ἄπο τραφεῖσα πατέρων, ὥς σε θαυμάζω, γύναι. Κρέουσα τοσαῦτα κεὐτυχοῦμεν, ὦ ξένʼ, οὐ πέρα. Ἴων 265πρὸς θεῶν ἀληθῶς, ὡς μεμύθευται βροτοῖς […] ; Κρέουσα τί χρῆμʼ ἐρωτᾷς, ὦ ξένʼ, ἐκμαθεῖν θέλων; Ἴων ἐκ γῆς πατρός σου πρόγονος ἔβλαστεν πατήρ; Κρέουσα Ἐριχθόνιός γε· τὸ δὲ γένος μʼ οὐκ ὠφελεῖ. Ἴων ἦ καί σφʼ Ἀθάνα γῆθεν ἐξανείλετο; Κρέουσα 270ἐς παρθένους γε χεῖρας, οὐ τεκοῦσά νιν. Ἴων δίδωσι δʼ, ὥσπερ ἐν γραφῇ νομίζεται […] ; Κρέουσα Κέκροπός γε σῴζειν παισὶν οὐχ ὁρώμενον. Ἴων ἤκουσα λῦσαι παρθένους τεῦχος θεᾶς. Κρέουσα τοιγὰρ θανοῦσαι σκόπελον ᾕμαξαν πέτρας.

Ion Why, lady, art thou thus cast down, past all finding out?

Creusa ’Tis naught; I have shot my bolt; for what remains, I say no more, nor seek thou further to inquire.

Ion Who art thou and whence? who is the father that begat thee? by what name are we to call thee?

Creusa Creusa is my name, the daughter of Erechtheus I; my native land is Athens.

Ion A glorious city thine, lady, a noble line of ancestry! with what reverence I behold thee!

Creusa Thus far, no further goes my luck, good sir.

Ion Pray, is the current legend true—

Creusa What is thy question? I fain would learn.

Ion Was thy father’s grandsire really sprung from Earth?

Creusa Yes, Erichthonius was; but my high birth avails me not

Ion Is it true Athena reared him from the ground?

Creusa Aye, and into maidens’ hands, though not his mother’s—

Ion Consigned him, did she? as ’tis wont to be set forth in painting.

Creusa Yes, to the daughters of Cecrops, to keep him safe unseen.

Ion I have heard the maidens opened the ark wherein the goddess laid him.

Creusa And so they died, dabbling with their blood the rocky cliff.

Ἴων 275εἶἑν· τί δαὶ τόδʼ; ἆρʼ ἀληθὲς ἢ μάτην λόγος […] Κρέουσα τί χρῆμʼ ἐρωτᾷς; καὶ γὰρ οὐ κάμνω σχολῇ. Ἴων πατὴρ Ἐρεχθεὺς σὰς ἔθυσε συγγόνους; Κρέουσα ἔτλη πρὸ γαίας σφάγια παρθένους κτανεῖν. Ἴων σὺ δʼ ἐξεσώθης πῶς κασιγνήτων μόνη; Κρέουσα 280βρέφος νεογνὸν μητρὸς ἦν ἐν ἀγκάλαις. Ἴων πατέρα δʼ ἀληθῶς χάσμα σὸν κρύπτει χθονός; Κρέουσα πληγαὶ τριαίνης ποντίου σφʼ ἀπώλεσαν. Ἴων Μακραὶ δὲ χῶρός ἐστʼ ἐκεῖ κεκλημένος; Κρέουσα τί δʼ ἱστορεῖς τόδʼ; ὥς μʼ ἀνέμνησάς τινος. Ἴων 285τιμᾷ σφε Πύθιος ἀστραπαί τε Πύθιαι. Κρέουσα · ὡς μήποτʼ ὤφελόν σφʼ ἰδεῖν. Ἴων τί δὲ στυγεῖς σὺ τοῦ θεοῦ τὰ φίλτατα; Κρέουσα οὐδέν· ξύνοιδʼ ἄντροισιν αἰσχύνην τινά. Ἴων πόσις δὲ τίς σʼ ἔγημʼ Ἀθηναίων, γύναι; Κρέουσα 290οὐκ ἀστός, ἀλλʼ ἐπακτὸς ἐξ ἄλλης χθονός. Ἴων τίς; εὐγενῆ νιν δεῖ πεφυκέναι τινά. Κρέουσα Ξοῦθος, πεφυκὼς Αἰόλου Διός τʼ ἄπο. Ἴων καὶ πῶς ξένος σʼ ὢν ἔσχεν οὖσαν ἐγγενῆ; Κρέουσα Εὔβοιʼ Ἀθήναις ἔστι τις γείτων πόλις […] Ἴων 295ὅροις ὑγροῖσιν, ὡς λέγουσʼ, ὡρισμένη. Κρέουσα ταύτην ἔπερσε Κεκροπίδαις κοινῷ δορί. Ἴων ἐπίκουρος ἐλθών; κᾆτα σὸν γαμεῖ λέχος; Κρέουσα φερνάς γε πολέμου καὶ δορὸς λαβὼν γέρας. Ἴων σὺν ἀνδρὶ δʼ ἥκεις ἢ μόνη χρηστήρια; Κρέουσα 300σὺν ἀνδρί. σηκοὺς δʼ ἐκστρέφει Τροφωνίου. Ἴων πότερα θεατὴς ἢ χάριν μαντευμάτων; Κρέουσα κείνου τε Φοίβου θʼ ἓν θέλων μαθεῖν ἔπος. Ἴων καρποῦ δʼ ὕπερ γῆς ἥκετʼ, ἢ παίδων πέρι; Κρέουσα ἄπαιδές ἐσμεν, χρόνιʼ ἔχοντʼ εὐνήματα. Ἴων 305οὐδʼ ἔτεκες οὐδὲν πώποτʼ, ἀλλʼ ἄτεκνος εἶ; Κρέουσα ὁ Φοῖβος οἶδε τὴν ἐμὴν ἀπαιδίαν. Ἴων ὦ τλῆμον, ὡς τἄλλʼ εὐτυχοῦσʼ οὐκ εὐτυχεῖς.

Ion Even so. But what of this next story? Is it true or groundless?

Creusa What is thy question? Ask on, I have no calls upon my leisure.

Ion Did thy sire Erechtheus offer thy sisters as a sacrifice?

Creusa For his country’s sake he did endure to slay the maids as victims.

Ion And how didst thou, alone of all thy sisters, escape?

Creusa I was still a tender babe in my mother’s arms.

Ion Did the earth really open its mouth and swallow thy father?

Creusa The sea-god smote and slew him with his trident.

Ion Is there a spot there called Macrae?

Creusa Why ask that? what memories thou recallest!

Ion Doth the Pythian god with his flashing fire do honour to the place?

Creusa Honour, yes! Honour, indeed! would I had never seen the spot!

Ion How now? dost thou abhor that which the god holds dear?

Creusa No, no; but I and that cave are witnesses of a deed of shame.

Ion Lady, who is the Athenian lord that calls thee wife?

Creusa No citizen of Athens, but a stranger from another land.

Ion Who is he? he must have been one of noble birth.

Creusa Xuthus, son of Aeolus, sprung from Zeus.

Ion And how did he, a stranger, win thee a native born?

Creusa Hard by Athens lies a neighbouring township, Euboea.

Ion With a bounding line of waters in between, so I have heard.

Creusa This did he sack, making common cause with Cecrops’ sons.

Ion Coming as an ally, maybe; he won thy hand for this?

Creusa Yes, this was his dower of battle, the prize of his prowess.

Ion Art thou come to the oracle alone, or with thy lord?

Creusa With him. But he is now visiting the cavern of Trophonius.

Ion As a spectator merely, or to consult the oracle?

Creusa ’Tis his wish to hear the self-same answer from Trophonius and Phoebus too.

Ion Is it to seek earth’s produce or fruit of offspring that ye come?

Creusa We are childless, though wedded these many years.

Ion Hast thou never been a mother? art thou wholly childless?

Creusa Phoebus knows whether I am childless.

Ion Unhappy wife! how this doth mar thy fortune else so happy!

Κρέουσα 308σὺ δʼ εἶ τίς; ὥς σου τὴν τεκοῦσαν ὤλβισα. Ἴων τοῦ θεοῦ καλοῦμαι δοῦλος εἰμί τʼ, ὦ γύναι. Κρέουσα 310ἀνάθημα πόλεως, ἤ τινος πραθεὶς ὕπο;

Creusa But who art thou? how blest I count thy mother!

Ion Lady, I am called the servant of Apollo, and so I am.

Creusa An offering of thy city, or sold to him by some master?

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.