Euripides · Heracles Ἡρακλῆς

Euripides, Heracles 1146–1202: Exodos: Heracles wishes to die as Theseus arrives

Heracles asks why he should spare his own life, being the murderer of his children, and speaks of leaping from a rock or of piercing his own breast with a sword. He sees Theseus coming with his army, and veils his head, saying that he does not want to bring his pollution on his friend.

Lines 1146–1202 · 524 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἡρακλῆς 1146οἴμοι· τί δῆτα φείδομαι ψυχῆς ἐμῆς τῶν φιλτάτων μοι γενόμενος παίδων φονεύς; κοὐκ εἶμι πέτρας λισσάδος πρὸς ἅλματα ἢ φάσγανον πρὸς ἧπαρ ἐξακοντίσας 1150τέκνοις δικαστὴς αἵματος γενήσομαι; ἢ σάρκα τὴν ἔμηνεν ἐμπρήσας πυρί, δύσκλειαν ἣ μένει μʼ ἀπώσομαι βίου; ἀλλʼ ἐμποδών μοι θανασίμων βουλευμάτων Θησεὺς ὅδʼ ἕρπει συγγενὴς φίλος τʼ ἐμός. 1155ὀφθησόμεσθα, καὶ τεκνοκτόνον μύσος ἐς ὄμμαθʼ ἥξει φιλτάτῳ ξένων ἐμῶν. οἴμοι, τί δράσω; ποῖ κακῶν ἐρημίαν εὕρω, πτερωτὸς ἢ κατὰ χθονὸς μολών; φέρʼ […] ἄν τι κρατὶ περιβάλω σκότον. 1160αἰσχύνομαι γὰρ τοῖς δεδραμένοις κακοῖς· καὶ τῶνδε προστρόπαιον αἷμα προσλαβὼν οὐδὲν κακῶσαι τοὺς ἀναιτίους θέλω. Θησεύς ἥκω σὺν ἄλλοις, οἳ παρʼ Ἀσωποῦ ῥοὰς μένουσιν, ἔνοπλοι γῆς Ἀθηναίων κόροι, 1165σῷ παιδί, πρέσβυ, σύμμαχον φέρων δόρυ. κληδὼν γὰρ ἦλθεν εἰς Ἐρεχθειδῶν πόλιν ὡς σκῆπτρα χώρας τῆσδʼ ἀναρπάσας Λύκος ἐς πόλεμον ὑμῖν καὶ μάχην καθίσταται. τίνων δʼ ἀμοιβὰς ὧν ὑπῆρξεν Ἡρακλῆς 1170σῴσας με νέρθεν, ἦλθον, εἴ τι δεῖ, γέρον, ἢ χειρὸς ὑμᾶς τῆς ἐμῆς ἢ συμμάχων. ἔα· τί νεκρῶν τῶνδε πληθύει πέδον; οὔ που λέλειμμαι καὶ νεωτέρων κακῶν ὕστερος ἀφῖγμαι; τίς τάδʼ ἔκτεινεν τέκνα; 1175τίνος γεγῶσαν τήνδʼ ὁρῶ ξυνάορον; οὐ γὰρ δορός γε παῖδες ἵστανται πέλας, ἀλλʼ ἄλλο πού τι καινὸν εὑρίσκω κακόν. Ἀμφιτρύων ὦ τὸν ἐλαιοφόρον ὄχθον ἔχων ἄναξ […] Θησεύς τί χρῆμά μʼ οἰκτροῖς ἐκάλεσας προοιμίοις; Ἀμφιτρύων 1180ἐπάθομεν πάθεα μέλεα πρὸς θεῶν. Θησεύς οἱ παῖδες οἵδε τίνες, ἐφʼ οἷς δακρυρροεῖς; Ἀμφιτρύων ἔτεκε μέν νιν οὑμὸς ἶνις τάλας, τεκόμενος δʼ ἔκανε, φόνιον αἷμα τλάς. Θησεύς εὔφημα φώνει. Ἀμφιτρύων 1185βουλομένοισιν ἐπαγγέλλῃ. Θησεύς ὦ δεινὰ λέξας. Ἀμφιτρύων οἰχόμεθʼ οἰχόμεθα πτανοί. Θησεύς τί φῄς; τί δράσας; Ἀμφιτρύων μαινομένῳ πιτύλῳ πλαγχθεὶς 1190ἑκατογκεφάλου τε βαφαῖς ὕδρας. Θησεύς Ἥρας ὅδʼ ἁγών· τίς δʼ ὅδʼ οὑν νεκροῖς, γέρον; Ἀμφιτρύων ἐμὸς ἐμὸς ὅδε γόνος ὁ πολύπονος, ὃς ἐπὶ δόρυ γιγαντοφόνον ἦλθεν σὺν θεοῖ- σι Φλεγραῖον ἐς πεδίον ἀσπιστάς. Θησεύς 1195φεῦ φεῦ· τίς ἀνδρῶν ὧδε δυσδαίμων ἔφυ; Ἀμφιτρύων οὐκ ἂν εἰδείης ἕτερον πολυμοχθότερον πολυπλαγκτότερόν τε θνατῶν. Θησεύς τί γὰρ πέπλοισιν ἄθλιον κρύπτει κάρα; Ἀμφιτρύων αἰδόμενος τὸ σὸν ὄμμα 1200καὶ φιλίαν ὁμόφυλον αἷμά τε παιδοφόνον. Θησεύς ἀλλʼ, εἰ συναλγῶν γʼ ἦλθον, ἐκκάλυπτέ νιν.

Heracles Ah me! why do I spare my own life when I have become the murderer of my dear children? Shall I not hasten to leap from some sheer rock, or aim the sword against my heart and avenge my children’s blood, or burn my body, which she drove mad, in the fire and so avert from my life the infamy which now awaits me? But here I see Theseus coming to check my deadly counsels, my kinsman and friend. Now shall I stand revealed, and the dearest of my friends will see the pollution I have incurred by my children’s murder. Ah, woe is me! what am I to do? Where can I find freedom from my sorrows? shall I take wings or plunge beneath the earth? Come, let me veil my head in darkness; for I am ashamed of the evil I have done, and, since for these I have incurred fresh blood-guiltiness, I do not want to harm the innocent.

Theseus I have come, and others with me, young warriors from the land of Athens, encamped at present by the streams of Asopus, to bring an allied army to your son, old friend. For a rumour reached the city of the Erechtheidae, that Lycus had usurped the scepter of this land and had become your enemy even to battle. Wherefore I came making recompense for the former kindness of Heracles in saving me from the world below, if you have any need of such aid as I or my allies can give, old man. Ha! why this heap of dead upon the floor? Surely I have not delayed too long and come too late to check a revolution? Who slew these children? whose wife is this I see? Boys do not go to battle; no, it must be some other strange mischance I here discover.

Amphitryon O king, whose home is that olive-clad hill!

Theseus Why this piteous prelude in addressing me?

Amphitryon The gods have afflicted us with grievous suffering.

Theseus Whose are these children, over whom you weep?

Amphitryon My own son’s children, woe is him! he was their father and butcher both, hardening his heart to the bloody deed.

Theseus Hush! good words only!

Amphitryon I would I could obey!

Theseus What dreadful words!

Amphitryon Fortune has spread her wings, and we are ruined, ruined.

Theseus What do you mean? what has he done?

Amphitryon Slain them in a wild fit of frenzy with arrows dipped in the venom of the hundred-headed hydra.

Theseus This is Hera’s work; but who lies there among the dead, old man?

Amphitryon My son, my own enduring son, that marched with gods to Phlegra’s plain, there to battle with giants and slay them, warrior that he was.

Theseus Ah, ah! whose fortune was ever so cursed as his?

Amphitryon Never will you find another mortal that has suffered more or been driven harder.

Theseus Why does he veil his head, poor wretch, in his robe?

Amphitryon He is ashamed to meet your eye; his kinsman’s kind intent and his children’s blood make him abashed.

Theseus But I come to sympathize; uncover him.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.