Euripides · Heracles Ἡρακλῆς

Euripides, Heracles 1340–1393: Exodos: Heracles decides to live

Heracles answers that he does not believe the gods have unholy unions or put their fathers in chains, since a god, if he is truly a god, needs nothing. He says that he will not die, to avoid being a coward, and will endure, since Hera has done him this wrong, and that he will go with Theseus to Athens.

Lines 1340–1393 · 558 words · click a number to copy its link

Heracles

1340οἴμοι· πάρεργα μὲν τάδʼ ἔστʼ ἐμῶν κακῶν, ἐγὼ δὲ τοὺς θεοὺς οὔτε λέκτρʼ ἃ μὴ θέμις στέργειν νομίζω, δεσμά τʼ ἐξάπτειν χεροῖν οὔτʼ ἠξίωσα πώποτʼ οὔτε πείσομαι, οὐδʼ ἄλλον ἄλλου δεσπότην πεφυκέναι. 1345δεῖται γὰρ ὁ θεός, εἴπερ ἔστʼ ὀρθῶς θεός, οὐδενός· ἀοιδῶν οἵδε δύστηνοι λόγοι. ἐσκεψάμην δὲ καίπερ ἐν κακοῖσιν ὤν, μὴ δειλίαν ὄφλω τινʼ ἐκλιπὼν φάος· ταῖς συμφοραῖς γὰρ ὅστις οὐχ ὑφίσταται, 1350οὐδʼ ἀνδρὸς ἂν δύναιθʼ ὑποστῆναι βέλος. ἐγκαρτερήσω βίοτον· εἶμι δʼ ἐς πόλιν τὴν σήν, χάριν τε μυρίων δώρων ἔχω. ἀτὰρ πόνων δὴ μυρίων ἐγευσάμην· ὧν οὔτʼ ἀπεῖπον οὐδένʼ οὔτʼ ἀπʼ ὀμμάτων 1355ἔσταξα πηγάς, οὐδʼ ἂν ᾠόμην ποτὲ ἐς τοῦθʼ ἱκέσθαι, δάκρυʼ ἀπʼ ὀμμάτων βαλεῖν· νῦν δʼ, ὡς ἔοικε, τῇ τύχῃ δουλευτέον. εἶἑν· γεραιέ, τὰς ἐμὰς φυγὰς ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷς δὲ παίδων ὄντα μʼ αὐθέντην ἐμῶν· 1360δὸς τούσδε τύμβῳ καὶ περίστειλον νεκροὺς δακρύοισι τιμῶν — ἐμὲ γὰρ οὐκ ἐᾷ νόμος — πρὸς στέρνʼ ἐρείσας μητρὶ δούς τʼ ἐς ἀγκάλας, κοινωνίαν δύστηνον, ἣν ἐγὼ τάλας διώλεσʼ ἄκων. γῇ δʼ ἐπὴν κρύψῃς νεκρούς, 1365οἴκει πόλιν τήνδʼ, ἀθλίως μέν, ἀλλʼ ὅμως ψυχὴν βιάζου τἀμὰ συμφέρειν κακά. ὦ τέκνʼ, ὁ φύσας καὶ τεκὼν ὑμᾶς πατὴρ ἀπώλεσʼ, οὐδʼ ὤνασθε τῶν ἐμῶν καλῶν, ἁγὼ παρεσκεύαζον ἐκμοχθῶν βίᾳ 1370εὔκλειαν ὑμῖν, πατρὸς ἀπόλαυσιν καλήν. σέ τʼ οὐχ ὁμοίως, ὦ τάλαινʼ, ἀπώλεσα ὥσπερ σὺ τἀμὰ λέκτρʼ ἔσῳζες ἀσφαλῶς, μακρὰς διαντλοῦσʼ ἐν δόμοις οἰκουρίας. οἴμοι δάμαρτος καὶ τέκνων, οἴμοι δʼ ἐμοῦ, 1375ὡς ἀθλίως πέπραγα κἀποζεύγνυμαι τέκνων γυναικός τʼ· ὦ λυγραὶ φιλημάτων τέρψεις, λυγραὶ δὲ τῶνδʼ ὅπλων κοινωνίαι. ἀμηχανῶ γὰρ πότερʼ ἔχω τάδʼ ἢ μεθῶ, ἃ πλευρὰ τἀμὰ προσπίτνοντʼ ἐρεῖ τάδε· 1380Ἡμῖν τέκνʼ εἷλες καὶ δάμαρθʼ· ἡμᾶς ἔχεις παιδοκτόνους σούς. εἶτʼ ἐγὼ τάδʼ ὠλέναις οἴσω; τί φάσκων; ἀλλὰ γυμνωθεὶς ὅπλων, ξὺν οἷς τὰ κάλλιστʼ ἐξέπραξʼ ἐν Ἑλλάδι, ἐχθροῖς ἐμαυτὸν ὑποβαλὼν αἰσχρῶς θάνω; 1385οὐ λειπτέον τάδʼ, ἀθλίως δὲ σῳστέον. ἕν μοί τι, Θησεῦ, σύγκαμʼ· ἀθλίου κυνὸς κόμιστρʼ ἐς Ἄργος συγκατάστησον μολών, λύπῃ τι παίδων μὴ πάθω μονούμενος. ὦ γαῖα Κάδμου πᾶς τε Θηβαῖος λεώς, 1390κείρασθε, συμπενθήσατʼ, ἔλθετʼ ἐς τάφον παίδων· ἅπαντας δʼ ἑνὶ λόγῳ πενθήσετε νεκρούς τε κἀμέ· πάντες ἐξολώλαμεν Ἥρας μιᾷ πληγέντες ἄθλιοι τύχῃ.

No! this is quite beside the question of my troubles. For my part, I do not believe that the gods indulge in unholy unions; and as for putting bonds on hands, I have never thought that worthy of credit nor will I now be so persuaded, nor again that one god is naturally lord and master of another. For the deity, if he be really such, has no wants; these are miserable tales of the poets. But I, for all my piteous plight, reflected whether I should let myself be branded as a coward for giving up my life. For whoever does not withstand disasters will never be able to withstand even a man’s weapon. I will be steadfast in living; I will go to your city, with grateful thanks for all you offer me. But I have tasted of countless troubles, as is well known; never yet did I faint at any or shed a single tear; no, nor did I ever think that I should come to this, to let the tear-drop fall. But now, it seems, I must be fortune’s slave. Well, let it pass; my old father, you see me go forth to exile, and in me you see my own children’s murderer. Give them burial, and lay them out in death with the tribute of a tear, for the law forbids my doing so. Rest their heads upon their mother’s bosom and fold them in her arms, sad fellowship, which I, alas! unwittingly did slay. And when you have buried these dead, live on here still, in bitterness maybe, but still constrain your soul to share my sorrows. O children! he who begot you, your own father, has been your destroyer, and you have had no profit of my triumphs, all my restless toil to win for you by force a fair name, a glorious advantage from a father. You too, unhappy wife, this hand has slain, a poor return to make you for preserving the honor of my bed so safely, for all the weary watch you long have kept within my house. Alas for you, my wife, my sons! alas for me, how sad my lot, cut off from wife and child! Ah! these kisses, bitter-sweet! these weapons which it is pain to own! I am not sure whether to keep or let them go; dangling at my side they thus will say, With us you destroyed children and wife; we are your children’s slayers, and you keep us. Shall I carry them after that? what answer can I make? Yet, am I to strip myself of these weapons, the comrades of my glorious career in Hellas, and put myself in the power of my foes, to die a death of shame? No! I must not let them go, but keep them, though it grieves me. In one thing, Theseus, help my misery; come to Argos and help me to manage the conveyance of the wretched dog; lest, if I go all alone, my sorrow for my sons may do me some hurt. O land of Cadmus, and all you people of Thebes! cut off your hair, and mourn with me; go to my children’s burial, and with one dirge lament us all, the dead and me; for on all of us has Hera inflicted the same cruel blow of destruction.

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English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Heracles 1340–1393: Heracles decides to live | Euripides