Euripides · Heracles Ἡρακλῆς

Euripides, Heracles 922–1015: Messenger speech: Heracles murders his wife and children

A Messenger tells how Heracles had killed Lycus and was purifying the house with victims set before the altar of Zeus, when his mind turned and he began to behave as if he were out of his senses. He took his children for those of Eurystheus, and killed one with his bow and another with his club, and laid low his wife and another child with one shaft, and the Messenger tells how a phantom of Pallas hurled a rock at his breast, and stopped him and plunged him into sleep.

Lines 922–1015 · 919 words · click a number to copy its link

Messenger

922ἱερὰ μὲν ἦν πάροιθεν ἐσχάρας Διὸς καθάρσιʼ οἴκων, γῆς ἄνακτʼ ἐπεὶ κτανὼν ἐξέβαλε τῶνδε δωμάτων Ἡρακλέης· 925χορὸς δὲ καλλίμορφος εἱστήκει τέκνων πατήρ τε Μεγάρα τʼ· ἐν κύκλῳ δʼ ἤδη κανοῦν εἵλικτο βωμοῦ, φθέγμα δʼ ὅσιον εἴχομεν. μέλλων δὲ δαλὸν χειρὶ δεξιᾷ φέρειν, ἐς χέρνιβʼ ὡς βάψειεν, Ἀλκμήνης τόκος 930ἔστη σιωπῇ. καὶ χρονίζοντος πατρὸς παῖδες προσέσχον ὄμμʼ· ὁ δʼ οὐκέθʼ αὑτὸς ἦν, ἀλλʼ ἐν στροφαῖσιν ὀμμάτων ἐφθαρμένος ῥίζας τʼ ἐν ὄσσοις αἱματῶπας ἐκβαλὼν ἀφρὸν κατέσταζʼ εὐτρίχου γενειάδος. 935ἔλεξε δʼ ἅμα γέλωτι παραπεπληγμένῳ· Πάτερ, τί θύω πρὶν κτανεῖν Εὐρυσθέα καθάρσιον πῦρ, καὶ πόνους διπλοῦς ἔχω; ἔργον μιᾶς μοι χειρὸς εὖ θέσθαι τάδε· ὅταν δʼ ἐνέγκω δεῦρο κρᾶτʼ Εὐρυσθέως, 940ἐπὶ τοῖσι νῦν θανοῦσιν ἁγνιῶ χέρας. ἐκχεῖτε πηγάς, ῥίπτετʼ ἐκ χειρῶν κανᾶ. τίς μοι δίδωσι τόξα; τίς δʼ ὅπλον χερός; πρὸς τὰς Μυκήνας εἶμι· λάζυσθαι χρεὼν μοχλοὺς δικέλλας θʼ, ὥστε Κυκλώπων βάθρα 945φοίνικι κανόνι καὶ τύκοις ἡρμοσμένα στρεπτῷ σιδήρῳ συντριαινῶσαι πάλιν. αὐτοῦ δὲ βαίνων ἅρματʼ οὐκ ἔχων ἔχειν ἔφασκε, δίφρου δʼ εἰσέβαινεν ἄντυγας κἄθεινε, κέντρον δῆθεν ὡς ἔχων, χερί. 950διπλοῦς δʼ ὀπαδοῖς ἦν γέλως φόβος θʼ ὁμοῦ. καί τις τόδʼ εἶπεν, ἄλλος εἰς ἄλλον δρακών· Παίζει πρὸς ἡμᾶς δεσπότης ἢ μαίνεται; ὁ δʼ εἷρπʼ ἄνω τε καὶ κάτω κατὰ στέγας, μέσον δʼ ἐς ἀνδρῶνʼ ἐσπεσὼν Νίσου πόλιν 955ἥκειν ἔφασκε· δωμάτων τʼ ἔσω βεβώς, κλιθεὶς ἐς οὖδας, ὡς ἔχει, σκευάζεται θοίνην. διελθὼν δʼ ὡς βραχὺν χρόνον μονῆς Ἰσθμοῦ ναπαίας ἔλεγε προσβαίνειν πλάκας. κἀνταῦθα γυμνὸν σῶμα θεὶς πορπαμάτων, 960πρὸς οὐδένʼ ἡμιλλᾶτο κἀκηρύσσετο αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτοῦ καλλίνικος οὐδενός, ἀκοὴν ὑπειπών. δεινὰ δʼ Εὐρυσθεῖ βρέμων ἦν ἐν Μυκήναις τῷ λόγῳ. πατὴρ δέ νιν θιγὼν κραταιᾶς χειρὸς ἐννέπει τάδε· 965Ὦ παῖ, τί πάσχεις; τίς ὁ τρόπος ξενώσεως τῆσδʼ; οὔ τί που φόνος σʼ ἐβάκχευσεν νεκρῶν, οὓς ἄρτι καίνεις; ὁ δέ νιν Εὐρυσθέως δοκῶν πατέρα προταρβοῦνθʼ ἱκέσιον ψαύειν χερός, ὠθεῖ, φαρέτραν δʼ εὐτρεπῆ σκευάζεται 970καὶ τόξʼ ἑαυτοῦ παισί, τοὺς Εὐρυσθέως δοκῶν φονεύειν. οἳ δὲ ταρβοῦντες φόβῳ ὤρουον ἄλλος ἄλλοσʼ, ἐς πέπλους ὁ μὲν μητρὸς ταλαίνης, ὁ δʼ ὑπὸ κίονος σκιάν, ἄλλος δὲ βωμὸν ὄρνις ὣς ἔπτηξʼ ὕπο. 975βοᾷ δὲ μήτηρ· Ὦ τεκών, τί δρᾷς; τέκνα κτείνεις; βοᾷ δὲ πρέσβυς οἰκετῶν τʼ ὄχλος. ὁ δʼ ἐξελίσσων παῖδα κίονος κύκλῳ, τόρνευμα δεινὸν ποδός, ἐναντίον σταθεὶς βάλλει πρὸς ἧπαρ· ὕπτιος δὲ λαΐνους 980ὀρθοστάτας ἔδευσεν ἐκπνέων βίον. ὁ δʼ ἠλάλαξε κἀπεκόμπασεν τάδε· Εἷς μὲν νεοσσὸς ὅδε θανὼν Εὐρυσθέως ἔχθραν πατρῴαν ἐκτίνων πέπτωκέ μοι. ἄλλῳ δʼ ἐπεῖχε τόξʼ, ὃς ἀμφὶ βωμίαν 985ἔπτηξε κρηπῖδʼ ὡς λεληθέναι δοκῶν. φθάνει δʼ ὁ τλήμων γόνασι προσπεσὼν πατρός, καὶ πρὸς γένειον χεῖρα καὶ δέρην βαλών, Ὦ φίλτατʼ, αὐδᾷ, μή μʼ ἀποκτείνῃς, πάτερ· σός εἰμι, σὸς παῖς· οὐ τὸν Εὐρυσθέως ὀλεῖς. 990ὁ δʼ ἀγριωπὸν ὄμμα Γοργόνος στρέφων, ὡς ἐντὸς ἔστη παῖς λυγροῦ τοξεύματος, μυδροκτύπον μίμημʼ, ὑπὲρ κάρα βαλὼν ξύλον καθῆκε παιδὸς ἐς ξανθὸν κάρα, ἔρρηξε δʼ ὀστᾶ. δεύτερον δὲ παῖδʼ ἑλών, 995χωρεῖ τρίτον θῦμʼ ὡς ἐπισφάξων δυοῖν. ἀλλὰ φθάνει νιν ἡ τάλαινʼ ἔσω δόμων μήτηρ ὑπεκλαβοῦσα, καὶ κλῄει πύλας. ὁ δʼ ὡς ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς δὴ Κυκλωπίοισιν ὢν σκάπτει μοχλεύει θύρετρα, κἀκβαλὼν σταθμὰ 1000δάμαρτα καὶ παῖδʼ ἑνὶ κατέστρωσεν βέλει. κἀνθένδε πρὸς γέροντος ἱππεύει φόνον· ἀλλʼ ἦλθεν εἰκών, ὡς ὁρᾶν ἐφαίνετο, Παλλὰς κραδαίνουσʼ ἔγχος ἐπὶ λόφῳ κέαρ, κἄρριψε πέτρον στέρνον εἰς Ἡρακλέους, 1005ὅς νιν φόνου μαργῶντος ἔσχε, κεἰς ὕπνον καθῆκε· πίτνει δʼ ἐς πέδον, πρὸς κίονα νῶτον πατάξας, ὃς πεσήμασι στέγης διχορραγὴς ἔκειτο κρηπίδων ἔπι. 1010ἡμεῖς δʼ ἐλευθεροῦντες ἐκ δρασμῶν πόδα σὺν τῷ γέροντι δεσμὰ σειραίων βρόχων ἀνήπτομεν πρὸς κίονʼ, ὡς λήξας ὕπνου μηδὲν προσεργάσαιτο τοῖς δεδραμένοις. εὕδει δʼ ὁ τλήμων ὕπνον οὐκ εὐδαίμονα, παῖδας φονεύσας καὶ δάμαρτʼ. ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν 1015οὐκ οἶδα θνητῶν ὅστις ἀθλιώτερος.

Victims to purify the house were stationed before the altar of Zeus, for Heracles had slain and cast from his halls the king of the land. There stood his group of lovely children, with his father and Megara; and already the basket was being passed round the altar, and we were keeping holy silence. But just as Alcmena’s son was bringing the torch in his right hand to dip it in the holy water, he stopped without a word. And as their father lingered, his children looked at him; he was no longer himself; his eyes were rolling; he was quite distraught; his eyeballs were bloodshot, and foam was oozing down his bearded cheek. He spoke with a madman’s laugh: Father, why should I offer the purifying flame before I have slain Eurystheus, and have the toil twice over? It is the work of my unaided arm to settle these things well; as soon as I have brought the head of Eurystheus here, I will cleanse my hands for those already slain. Spill the water, cast the baskets from your hands. Ho! give me now my bow and club! To Mycenae will I go; I must take crow-bars and pick-axes, for I will shatter again with iron levers those city-walls which the Cyclopes squared with red plumb-line and mason’s tools. Then he set out, and though he had no chariot there, he thought he had, and was for mounting to its seat, and using a goad as though his fingers really held one. A twofold feeling filled his servants’ breasts, amusement and fear at once; and one looking to his neighbor said: Is our master making sport for us, or is he mad? But he was pacing to and fro in his house; and, rushing into the men’s chamber, he said he had reached the city of Nisus; and going into the house, he threw himself upon the floor, as he was, and made ready to feast. But after waiting a brief space he began saying he was on his way to the plains amid the valleys of the Isthmus; and then stripping himself of his mantle, he fell to competing with no one, and he proclaimed himself victor with his own voice, calling on no one to listen. Next, fancy carrying him to Mycenae, he was uttering fearful threats against Eurystheus. Meantime his father caught him by his stalwart arm, and thus addressed him: My son, what do you mean by this? What strange doings are these? Can it be that the blood of your late victims has driven you frantic? But he, supposing it was the father of Eurystheus striving in abject supplication to touch his hand: thrust him aside, and then against his own children aimed his bow and made ready his quiver, thinking to slay the sons of Eurystheus. And they in wild fright darted here and there, one to his hapless mother’s skirts, another to the shadow of a pillar, while a third cowered beneath the altar like a bird. Then cried their mother: O you who begot them, what are you doing? do you mean to slay your children? Likewise his aged father and all the gathered servants cried aloud. But he, hunting the child round and round the column, in dreadful circles, and coming face to face with him shot him to the heart; and he fell upon his back, sprinkling the stone pillars with blood as he gasped out his life. Then Heracles shouted in triumph and boasted loud: Here lies one of Eurystheus’ brood dead at my feet, atoning for his father’s hatred. Then he aimed his bow against a second, who had crouched at the altar’s foot thinking to escape unseen. But before he fired, the poor child threw himself at his father’s knees, and, flinging his hand to reach his beard or neck, cried: Oh! hear me, dearest father, do not kill me! I am your child, your own; it is no son of Eurystheus you will slay. But that other, with savage Gorgon-scowl, as the child now stood in range of his baleful archery, smote him on the head, as a smith strikes his molten iron, bringing down his club upon the fair-haired boy, and crushed the bones. The second caught, away he goes to add a third victim to the other two. But before he could, the poor mother caught up her child and carried him within the house and shut the doors. But he, as though he really were at the Cyclopean walls, prized open the doors with levers, and, hurling down their posts, with one shaft laid low his wife and child. Then in wild gallop he starts to slay his aged father; but there came a phantom, as it seemed to us on-lookers, of Pallas, with plumed helm, brandishing a spear; and she hurled a rock against the breast of Heracles, which held him from his frenzied thirst for blood and plunged him into sleep; to the ground he fell, striking his back against a column that had fallen on the floor shattered in two when the roof fell in. Then we rallied from our flight, and with the old man’s aid bound him fast with knotted cords to the pillar, so that on his awakening he might do no further mischief. So there he sleeps, poor wretch! a sleep that is not blessed, having murdered wife and children; no, for my part I do not know any mortal more miserable than he.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.