Sophocles · Oedipus Tyrannus Οἰδίπους Τύραννος

Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus 300–403: First episode (cont.): Oedipus and Teiresias quarrel

Oedipus asks the blind seer Teiresias to help the city, and Teiresias answers that knowledge is terrible when it does not help the one who has it, and tries to go home without speaking. Oedipus presses him and accuses him of having had a part in the murder, and Teiresias answers that Oedipus himself is the unholy defiler of the land and lives in unknown shame with his closest kin. Oedipus then suspects that Creon has put the seer up to this to seize his throne.

Lines 300–403 · 1070 words · click a number to copy its link
Οἰδίπους 300ὦ πάντα νωμῶν Τειρεσία, διδακτά τε ἄρρητά τʼ, οὐράνιά τε καὶ χθονοστιβῆ, πόλιν μέν, εἰ καὶ μὴ βλέπεις, φρονεῖς δʼ ὅμως οἵᾳ νόσῳ σύνεστιν· ἧς σὲ προστάτην σωτῆρά τʼ, ὦναξ, μοῦνον ἐξευρίσκομεν. 305Φοῖβος γάρ, εἴ τι μὴ κλύεις τῶν ἀγγέλων, πέμψασιν ἡμῖν ἀντέπεμψεν, ἔκλυσιν μόνην ἂν ἐλθεῖν τοῦδε τοῦ νοσήματος, εἰ τοὺς κτανόντας Λάϊον μαθόντες εὖ κτείναιμεν ἢ γῆς φυγάδας ἐκπεμψαίμεθα. 310σύ νυν φθονήσας μήτʼ ἀπʼ οἰωνῶν φάτιν μήτʼ εἴ τινʼ ἄλλην μαντικῆς ἔχεις ὁδόν, ῥῦσαι σεαυτὸν καὶ πόλιν, ῥῦσαι δʼ ἐμέ, ῥῦσαι δὲ πᾶν μίασμα τοῦ τεθνηκότος. ἐν σοὶ γὰρ ἐσμέν· ἄνδρα δʼ ὠφελεῖν ἀφʼ ὧν 315ἔχοι τε καὶ δύναιτο, κάλλιστος πόνων. Τειρεσίας φεῦ φεῦ, φρονεῖν ὡς δεινὸν ἔνθα μὴ τέλη λύῃ φρονοῦντι· ταῦτα γὰρ καλῶς ἐγὼ εἰδὼς διώλεσʼ· οὐ γὰρ ἂν δεῦρʼ ἱκόμην. Οἰδίπους τί δʼ ἔστιν; ὡς ἄθυμος εἰσελήλυθας. Τειρεσίας 320ἄφες μʼ ἐς οἴκους· ῥᾷστα γὰρ τὸ σόν τε σὺ κἀγὼ διοίσω τοὐμόν, ἢν ἐμοὶ πίθῃ. Οἰδίπους οὔτʼ ἔννομʼ εἶπας οὔτε προσφιλῆ πόλει τῇδʼ, ἥ σʼ ἔθρεψε, τήνδʼ ἀποστερῶν φάτιν. Τειρεσίας ὁρῶ γὰρ οὐδὲ σοὶ τὸ σὸν φώνημʼ ἰὸν 325πρὸς καιρόν· ὡς οὖν μηδʼ ἐγὼ ταὐτὸν πάθω— Οἰδίπους μὴ πρὸς θεῶν φρονῶν γʼ ἀποστραφῇς, ἐπεὶ πάντες σε προσκυνοῦμεν οἵδʼ ἱκτήριοι. Τειρεσίας πάντες γὰρ οὐ φρονεῖτʼ· ἐγὼ δʼ οὐ μή ποτε τἄμʼ, ὡς ἂν εἴπω μὴ τὰ σʼ, ἐκφήνω κακά.

Oedipus Teiresias, whose soul grasps all things, both that which may be told and that which is unspeakable, the Olympian secrets and the affairs of the earth, you feel, though you cannot see, what a huge plague haunts our state. From which, great prophet, we find you to be our protector and only savior. Now, Phoebus—if indeed you have not already heard the news—sent answer to our question that the only way to rid ourselves of this pest that afflicts us is to discover the slayers of Laius, and then to slay them or banish them from our land. So do not begrudge us the voice of the birds or any other path of prophecy, but save yourself and your state, save me, save all that is defiled by the dead. We are in your hands, and man’s noblest task is to help others to the best of his means and powers.

Teiresias Alas, how terrible it is to have wisdom when it does not benefit those who have it. I knew this well, but let it slip from my mind: otherwise I would not have come here.

Oedipus What now? How disheartened you have come!

Teiresias Let me go home. For you will bear your own burden to the end, and I will bear mine, if you consent.

Oedipus Your words are strange and unkind to the state which nurtured you, since you withhold this response.

Teiresias I see that you, for your part, speak inappropriately. Therefore do not speak, so I will not suffer the same.

Oedipus For the love of the gods, do not turn away, if you have knowledge: all we suppliants implore you on our knees.

Teiresias For all of you are without knowledge. But never will I reveal my troubles—not to call them yours.

Οἰδίπους 330τί φής; ξυνειδὼς οὐ φράσεις, ἀλλʼ ἐννοεῖς ἡμᾶς προδοῦναι καὶ καταφθεῖραι πόλιν; Τειρεσίας ἐγὼ οὔτʼ ἐμαυτὸν οὔτε σʼ ἀλγυνῶ. τί ταῦτʼ ἄλλως ἐλέγχεις; οὐ γὰρ ἂν πύθοιό μου. Οἰδίπους οὐκ, ὦ κακῶν κάκιστε, καὶ γὰρ ἂν πέτρου 335φύσιν σύ γʼ ὀργάνειας, ἐξερεῖς ποτε, ἀλλʼ ὧδʼ ἄτεγκτος κἀτελεύτητος φανεῖ; Τειρεσίας ὀργὴν ἐμέμψω τὴν ἐμήν, τὴν σὴν δʼ ὁμοῦ ναίουσαν οὐ κατεῖδες, ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ ψέγεις. Οἰδίπους τίς γὰρ τοιαῦτʼ ἂν οὐκ ἂν ὀργίζοιτʼ ἔπη 340κλύων, ἃ νῦν σὺ τήνδʼ ἀτιμάζεις πόλιν; Τειρεσίας ἥξει γὰρ αὐτά, κἂν ἐγὼ σιγῇ στέγω. Οἰδίπους οὐκοῦν ἅ γʼ ἥξει καὶ σὲ χρὴ λέγειν ἐμοί. Τειρεσίας οὐκ ἂν πέρα φράσαιμι. πρὸς τάδʼ, εἰ θέλεις, θυμοῦ διʼ ὀργῆς ἥτις ἀγριωτάτη. Οἰδίπους 345καὶ μὴν παρήσω γʼ οὐδέν, ὡς ὀργῆς ἔχω, ἅπερ ξυνίημʼ· ἴσθι γὰρ δοκῶν ἐμοὶ καὶ ξυμφυτεῦσαι τοὔργον εἰργάσθαι θʼ, ὅσον μὴ χερσὶ καίνων· εἰ δʼ ἐτύγχανες βλέπων, καὶ τοὔργον ἂν σοῦ τοῦτʼ, ἔφην εἶναι μόνου. Τειρεσίας 350ἄληθες; ἐννέπω σὲ τῷ κηρύγματι ᾧπερ προεῖπας ἐμμένειν, κἀφʼ ἡμέρας τῆς νῦν προσαυδᾶν μήτε τούσδε μήτʼ ἐμέ, ὡς ὄντι γῆς τῆσδʼ ἀνοσίῳ μιάστορι.

Oedipus What are you saying? Do you know the secret and refuse to tell it? Will you betray and destroy the state?

Teiresias I will grieve neither myself nor you. Why do you ask these things in vain? You will not learn the answers from me.

Oedipus Will you not, basest of the base— you would anger a stone—speak out? can nothing touch you? Will you never make an end?

Teiresias You blame my anger, but do not perceive your own: no, you blame me.

Oedipus Who would not be angry hearing such words, with which you now are slighting the city?

Teiresias The future will come of itself, though I shroud it in silence.

Oedipus Since it must come anyway, it is right that you tell it to me.

Teiresias I will speak no further: rage, if you wish, with the fiercest wrath your heart knows.

Oedipus In my anger I will not spare to speak all my thoughts. Know that you seem to me to have helped in plotting the deed, and to have done it, short of performing the actual murder with your own hands: if you had eyesight, I would have said that you had done even this by yourself.

Teiresias In truth? I order you to abide by you own decree, and from this day forth not to speak to these men or to me: you are the accursed defiler of this land.

Οἰδίπους 354οὕτως ἀναιδῶς ἐξεκίνησας τόδε 355τὸ ῥῆμα; καὶ ποῦ τοῦτο φεύξεσθαι δοκεῖς; Τειρεσίας πέφευγα· τἀληθὲς γὰρ ἰσχῦον τρέφω. Οἰδίπους πρὸς τοῦ διδαχθείς; οὐ γὰρ ἔκ γε τῆς τέχνης. Τειρεσίας πρὸς σοῦ· σὺ γάρ μʼ ἄκοντα προυτρέψω λέγειν. Οἰδίπους ποῖον λόγον; λέγʼ αὖθις, ὡς μᾶλλον μάθω. Τειρεσίας 360οὐχὶ ξυνῆκας πρόσθεν; ἢ ʼκπειρᾷ λέγων; Οἰδίπους οὐχ ὥστε γʼ εἰπεῖν γνωστόν· ἀλλʼ αὖθις φράσον. Τειρεσίας φονέα σε φημὶ τἀνδρὸς οὗ ζητεῖς κυρεῖν. Οἰδίπους ἀλλʼ οὔ τι χαίρων δίς γε πημονὰς ἐρεῖς. Τειρεσίας εἴπω τι δῆτα κἄλλʼ, ἵνʼ ὀργίζῃ πλέον; Οἰδίπους 365ὅσον γε χρῄζεις· ὡς μάτην εἰρήσεται. Τειρεσίας λεληθέναι σε φημὶ σὺν τοῖς φιλτάτοις αἴσχισθʼ ὁμιλοῦντʼ, οὐδʼ ὁρᾶν ἵνʼ εἶ κακοῦ. Οἰδίπους ἦ καὶ γεγηθὼς ταῦτʼ ἀεὶ λέξειν δοκεῖς; Τειρεσίας εἴπερ τί γʼ ἐστὶ τῆς ἀληθείας σθένος. Οἰδίπους 370ἀλλʼ ἔστι, πλὴν σοί· σοὶ δὲ τοῦτʼ οὐκ ἔστʼ ἐπεὶ τυφλὸς τά τʼ ὦτα τόν τε νοῦν τά τʼ ὄμματʼ εἶ. Τειρεσίας σὺ δʼ ἄθλιός γε ταῦτʼ ὀνειδίζων, ἃ σοὶ οὐδεὶς ὃς οὐχὶ τῶνδʼ ὀνειδιεῖ τάχα. Οἰδίπους μιᾶς τρέφει πρὸς νυκτός, ὥστε μήτʼ ἐμὲ 375μήτʼ ἄλλον, ὅστις φῶς ὁρᾷ, βλάψαι ποτʼ ἄν. Τειρεσίας οὐ γάρ σε μοῖρα πρός γʼ ἐμοῦ πεσεῖν, ἐπεὶ ἱκανὸς Ἀπόλλων, ᾧ τάδʼ ἐκπρᾶξαι μέλει. Οἰδίπους Κρέοντος ἢ σοῦ ταῦτα τἀξευρήματα; Τειρεσίας Κρέων δέ σοι πῆμʼ οὐδέν, ἀλλʼ αὐτὸς σὺ σοί.

Oedipus So brazen with your blustering taunt? Where do you think to escape to?

Teiresias I have escaped. There is strength in my truth.

Oedipus Who taught you this? Not your skill, at any rate.

Teiresias You yourself. For you spurred me on to speak against my will.

Oedipus What did you say? Speak again, so I may learn it better.

Teiresias Did you not understand before, or are you talking to test me?

Oedipus I cannot say I understood fully. Tell me again.

Teiresias I say that you are the killer of the man whose slayer you seek.

Oedipus Now you will regret that you have said such dire words twice.

Teiresias Should I tell you more, that you might get more angry?

Oedipus Say as much as you want: it will be said in vain.

Teiresias I say that you have been living in unguessed shame with your closest kin, and do not see into what woe you have fallen.

Oedipus Do you think that you will always be able to speak like this without smarting for it?

Teiresias Yes, if indeed there is any strength in truth.

Oedipus But there is, except not for you. You do not have that strength, since you are maimed in your ears, in your wit, and in your eyes.

Teiresias And you are a poor wretch to utter taunts that every man here will soon hurl at you.

Oedipus Night, endless night has you in her keeping, so that you can never hurt me, or any man that sees the light of the sun.

Teiresias No, it is not your fate to fall at my hands, since Apollo, to whom this matter is a concern, is sufficient.

Oedipus Are these Creon’s devices, or your own?

Teiresias Creon is no trouble for you: you are your own.

Oedipus

380ὦ πλοῦτε καὶ τυραννὶ καὶ τέχνη τέχνης ὑπερφέρουσα τῷ πολυζήλῳ βίῳ, ὅσος παρʼ ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάσσεται, εἰ τῆσδέ γʼ ἀρχῆς οὕνεχʼ, ἣν ἐμοὶ πόλις δωρητόν, οὐκ αἰτητόν, εἰσεχείρισεν, 385ταύτης Κρέων ὁ πιστός, οὑξ ἀρχῆς φίλος, λάθρᾳ μʼ ὑπελθὼν ἐκβαλεῖν ἱμείρεται, ὑφεὶς μάγον τοιόνδε μηχανορράφον, δόλιον ἀγύρτην, ὅστις ἐν τοῖς κέρδεσιν μόνον δέδορκε, τὴν τέχνην δʼ ἔφυ τυφλός. 390ἐπεί, φέρʼ εἰπέ, ποῦ σὺ μάντις εἶ σαφής; πῶς οὐκ, ὅθʼ ἡ ῥαψῳδὸς ἐνθάδʼ ἦν κύων, ηὔδας τι τοῖσδʼ ἀστοῖσιν ἐκλυτήριον; καίτοι τό γʼ αἴνιγμʼ οὐχὶ τοὐπιόντος ἦν ἀνδρὸς διειπεῖν, ἀλλὰ μαντείας ἔδει· 395ἣν οὔτʼ ἀπʼ οἰωνῶν σὺ προυφάνης ἔχων οὔτʼ ἐκ θεῶν του γνωτόν· ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ μολών, ὁ μηδὲν εἰδὼς Οἰδίπους, ἔπαυσά νιν, γνώμῃ κυρήσας οὐδʼ ἀπʼ, οἰωνῶν μαθών· ὃν δὴ σὺ πειρᾷς ἐκβαλεῖν, δοκῶν θρόνοις 400παραστατήσειν τοῖς Κρεοντείοις πέλας. κλαίων δοκεῖς μοι καὶ σὺ χὠ συνθεὶς τάδε ἀγηλατήσειν· εἰ δὲ μὴ ʼδόκεις γέρων εἶναι, παθὼν ἔγνως ἂν οἷά περ φρονεῖς.

O wealth, and empire, and skill surpassing skill in life’s keen rivalries, how great is the envy in your keeping, if for the sake of this office which the city has entrusted to me, a gift unsought, Creon the trustworthy, Creon, my old friend, has crept upon me by stealth, yearning to overthrow me, and has suborned such a scheming juggler as this, a tricky quack, who has eyes only for profit, but is blind in his art! Come, tell me, where have you proved yourself a seer? Why, when the watchful dog who wove dark song was here, did you say nothing to free the people? Yet the riddle, at least, was not for the first comer to read: there was need of a seer’s help, and you were discovered not to have this art, either from birds, or known from some god. But rather I, Oedipus the ignorant, stopped her, having attained the answer through my wit alone, untaught by birds. It is I whom you are trying to oust, assuming that you will have great influence in Creon’s court. But I think that you and the one who plotted these things will rue your zeal to purge the land: if you did not seem to be an old man, you would have learned to your cost how haughty you are.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1887). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1912, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Oedipus Tyrannus, Cambridge University Press, 1887 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Oedipus Tyrannus 300–403: Oedipus and Teiresias quarrel