Sophocles · Oedipus Tyrannus Οἰδίπους Τύραννος

Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus 1132–1185: Fifth episode: the herdsman's confession

The Corinthian reminds the old servant of the time they spent together on Cithaeron and of the child that he gave him. The servant tries to keep silent, but under threat he says that the child was said to be the son of Laius, given to him by Iocasta to be destroyed, and that he gave it away out of pity. He tells Oedipus that if he is the child, he was born ill-fated, and Oedipus cries that all is now clear.

Lines 1132–1185 · 573 words · click a number to copy its link

Messenger

1132κοὐδέν γε θαῦμα, δέσποτʼ· ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ σαφῶς ἀγνῶτʼ ἀναμνήσω νιν. εὖ γὰρ οἶδʼ ὅτι κάτοιδεν, ἦμος τῷ Κιθαιρῶνος τόπῳ, 1135ὁ μὲν διπλοῖσι ποιμνίοις, ἐγὼ δʼ ἑνί, ἐπλησίαζον τῷδε τἀνδρὶ τρεῖς ὅλους ἐξ ἦρος εἰς ἀρκτοῦρον ἑκμήνους χρόνους· χειμῶνα δʼ ἤδη τἀμά τʼ εἰς ἔπαυλʼ ἐγὼ ἤλαυνον οὗτός τʼ εἰς τὰ Λαΐου σταθμά. 1140λέγω τι τούτων ἢ οὐ λέγω πεπραγμένον;

And no wonder, master. But I will bring clear recollection to his ignorance. I am sure he knows well of the time we dwelled in the region of Cithaeron for six month periods, from spring to Arcturus, he with two flocks, and I, his comrade, with one. And then for the winter I used to drive my flock to my own fold, and he took his to the fold of Laius. Did any of this happen as I tell it, or did it not?

Θεράπων 1141λέγεις ἀληθῆ, καίπερ ἐκ μακροῦ χρόνου. Ἄγγελος φέρʼ εἰπὲ νῦν, τότʼ οἶσθα παῖδά μοί τινα δούς, ὡς ἐμαυτῷ θρέμμα θρεψαίμην ἐγώ; Θεράπων τί δʼ ἔστι; πρὸς τί τοῦτο τοὔπος ἱστορεῖς; Ἄγγελος 1145ὅδʼ ἐστίν, ὦ τᾶν, κεῖνος ὃς τότʼ ἦν νέος. Θεράπων οὐκ εἰς ὄλεθρον; οὐ σιωπήσας ἔσει; Οἰδίπους ἆ, μὴ κόλαζε, πρέσβυ, τόνδʼ, ἐπεὶ τὰ σὰ δεῖται κολαστοῦ μᾶλλον ἢ τὰ τοῦδʼ ἔπη. Θεράπων τί δʼ, ὦ φέριστε δεσποτῶν, ἁμαρτάνω; Οἰδίπους 1150οὐκ ἐννέπων τὸν παῖδʼ ὃν οὗτος ἱστορεῖ. Θεράπων λέγει γὰρ εἰδὼς οὐδέν, ἀλλʼ ἄλλως πονεῖ. Οἰδίπους σὺ πρὸς χάριν μὲν οὐκ ἐρεῖς, κλαίων δʼ ἐρεῖς. Θεράπων μὴ δῆτα, πρὸς θεῶν, τὸν γέροντά μʼ αἰκίσῃ. Οἰδίπους οὐχ ὡς τάχος τις τοῦδʼ ἀποστρέψει χέρας; Θεράπων 1155δύστηνος, ἀντὶ τοῦ; τί προσχρῄζων μαθεῖν; Οἰδίπους τὸν παῖδʼ ἔδωκας τῷδʼ ὃν οὗτος ἱστορεῖ; Θεράπων ἔδωκʼ· ὀλέσθαι δʼ ὤφελον τῇδʼ ἡμέρᾳ. Οἰδίπους ἀλλʼ εἰς τόδʼ ἥξεις μὴ λέγων γε τοὔνδικον. Θεράπων πολλῷ γε μᾶλλον, ἢν φράσω, διόλλυμαι. Οἰδίπους 1160ἁνὴρ ὅδʼ, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἐς τριβὰς ἐλᾷ. Θεράπων οὐ δῆτʼ ἔγωγʼ, ἀλλʼ εἶπον, ὡς δοίην, πάλαι. Οἰδίπους πόθεν λαβών; οἰκεῖον ἢ ʼξ ἄλλου τινός; Θεράπων ἐμὸν μὲν οὐκ ἔγωγʼ, ἐδεξάμην δέ του. Οἰδίπους τίνος πολιτῶν τῶνδε κἀκ ποίας στέγης; Θεράπων 1165μὴ πρὸς θεῶν, μή, δέσποθʼ, ἱστόρει πλέον. Οἰδίπους ὄλωλας, εἴ σε ταῦτʼ ἐρήσομαι πάλιν. Θεράπων τῶν Λαΐου τοίνυν τις ἦν γεννημάτων. Οἰδίπους ἦ δοῦλος ἢ κείνου τις ἐγγενὴς γεγώς; Θεράπων οἴμοι, πρὸς αὐτῷ γʼ εἰμὶ τῷ δεινῷ λέγειν. Οἰδίπους 1170κἄγωγʼ ἀκούειν· ἀλλʼ ὅμως ἀκουστέον.

Servant You speak the truth, though it was long ago.

Messenger Come, tell me now: do you remember having given me a boy in those days, to be reared as my own foster-son?

Servant What now? Why do you ask the question?

Messenger This man, my friend, is he who then was young.

Servant Damn you! Be silent once and for all!

Oedipus Do not rebuke him, old man. Your words need rebuking more than his.

Servant And in what way, most noble master, do I offend?

Oedipus In not telling of the boy about whom he asks.

Servant He speaks without knowledge, but is busy to no purpose.

Oedipus You will not speak with good grace, but will in pain.

Servant No, in the name of the gods, do not mistreat an old man.

Oedipus Someone, quick—tie his hands this instant!

Servant Alas, why? What do you want to learn?

Oedipus Did you give this man the child about whom he asks?

Servant I did. Would that I had perished that day!

Oedipus Well, you will come to that, unless you tell the honest truth.

Servant But if I speak I will be destroyed all the more.

Oedipus This man is bent, I think, on more delays.

Servant No, no! I said before that I gave it to him.

Oedipus Where did you get it from? From your own house, or from another?

Servant It was not my own: I received it from another.

Oedipus From whom of the citizens here? From what home?

Servant For the love of the gods, master, ask no more!

Oedipus You are dead if I have to question you again.

Servant It was a child, then, of the house of Laius.

Oedipus A slave? Or one of his own clan?

Servant Alas! I am on the brink of speaking the dreaded words.

Oedipus And I of hearing: I must hear nevertheless.

Θεράπων 1171κείνου γέ τοι δὴ παῖς ἐκλῄζεθʼ· ἡ δʼ ἔσω κάλλιστʼ ἂν εἴποι σὴ γυνὴ τάδʼ ὡς ἔχει. Οἰδίπους ἦ γὰρ δίδωσιν ἥδε σοι; Θεράπων μάλιστʼ, ἄναξ. Οἰδίπους ὡς πρὸς τί χρείας; Θεράπων ὡς ἀναλώσαιμί νιν. Οἰδίπους 1175τεκοῦσα τλήμων; Θεράπων θεσφάτων γʼ ὄκνῳ κακῶν. Οἰδίπους ποίων; Θεράπων κτενεῖν νιν τοὺς τεκόντας ἦν λόγος. Οἰδίπους πῶς δῆτʼ ἀφῆκας τῷ γέροντι τῷδε σύ; Θεράπων κατοικτίσας, ὦ δέσποθʼ, ὡς ἄλλην χθόνα δοκῶν ἀποίσειν, αὐτὸς ἔνθεν ἦν· ὁ δὲ 1180κάκʼ εἰς μέγιστʼ ἔσωσεν. εἰ γὰρ οὗτος εἶ ὅν φησιν οὗτος, ἴσθι δύσποτμος γεγώς. Οἰδίπους ἰοὺ ἰού· τὰ πάντʼ ἂν ἐξήκοι σαφῆ. ὦ φῶς, τελευταῖόν σε προσβλέψαιμι νῦν, ὅστις πέφασμαι φύς τʼ ἀφʼ ὧν οὐ χρῆν, ξὺν οἷς τʼ 1185οὐ χρῆν ὁμιλῶν, οὕς τέ μʼ οὐκ ἔδει κτανών.

Servant You must know then, that it was said to be his own child. But your lady within could say best how these matters lie.

Oedipus How? Did she give it to you?

Servant Yes, my lord.

Oedipus For what purpose?

Servant That I should do away with it.

Oedipus Her own child, the wretched woman?

Servant Yes, from fear of the evil prophecies.

Oedipus What were they?

Servant The tale ran that he would slay his father.

Oedipus Why, then, did you give him to this old man?

Servant Out of pity, master, thinking that he would carry him to another land, from where he himself came. But he saved him for the direst woe. For if you are what this man says, be certain that you were born ill-fated.

Oedipus Oh, oh! All brought to pass, all true. Light, may I now look on you for the last time—I who have been found to be accursed in birth, accursed in wedlock, accursed in the shedding of blood.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1887). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1912, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Oedipus Tyrannus, Cambridge University Press, 1887 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.