Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 25.380–480: Book 25: The shield of Dionysos: the heavens, Thebes, Ganymede and Tylos

Dionysos rejoins the Bacchants with the new shield, and the poet describes its scenes: earth, sea and the constellations, the building of Thebes to Amphion's lyre, and Ganymede carried off by the eagle. It also shows the Lydian story of Tylos, killed by a serpent on the bank of the Hermos.

Lines 25.380–480 · 1037 words · click a number to copy its link
380αὐτὰρ ὁ μητρῴην δεδαημένος ἔνθεον ὀμφὴν θυρσομανὴς Διόνυσος ὀρειάσι μίσγετο Βάκχαις, καλλείψας ἀνέμοισι κατηφέος ὄγκον ἀνίης, χειρὶ σάκος δονέων πολυδαίδαλον, ὅπλον Ὀλύμπου,

But now that Dionysos had heard the Mother’s inspired message, he mingled thyrsus-mad with the Bacchant women upon the hills. He threw to the winds his burden of anxious pain, as he shook the shield curiously wrought, the shield of Olympos, the clever work of Hephaistos.

384Ἡφαίστου σοφὸν ἔργον. ἀολλίζοντο δὲ λαοί, 385ποικίλα παπταίνοντες Ὀλύμπια θαύματα τέχνης, θαύματα μαρμαίροντα, τά περ κάμεν οὐρανίη χεὶρ ἀσπίδα δαιδάλλουσα πολύχροον, ἧς ἐνὶ μέσσῳ ἐν μὲν γαῖαν ἔτευξε περίδρομον, ἀμφὶ δὲ γαίῃ οὐρανὸν ἐσφαίρωσε χορῷ κεχαραγμένον ἄστρων, 390καὶ χθονὶ πόντον ἔτευξεν ὁμόζυγον· αἰθέριον δὲ χρυσῷ μὲν φλογέων ἐποχημένον ἄντυγι δίφρων ἠέλιον ποίκιλλεν, ἀπʼ ἀργυρέου δὲ μετάλλου λευκαίνων τροχόεσσαν ὅλην κύκλωσε Σελήνην· ἐν δέ τε τείρεα πάντα, τά περ πολυφεγγέι κόσμῳ 395μιτρώσας στεφανηδὸν ἕλιξ ποικίλλεται αἰθὴρ ἑπτὰ περὶ ζώνῃσι, καὶ ἀξονίῳ παρὰ κύκλῳ ἄβροχον οὐρανίης διδυμάονα ῥυθμὸν Ἁμάξης· ἄμφω γὰρ παρὰ νύσσαν ὑπέρτερον Ὠκεανοῖο ἀλλήλων στιχόωσιν ἐπʼ ἰξύι, καὶ τόσον αἰεὶ 400νειόθι δυομένης κεφαλὴ κατακάμπτεται Ἄρκτου, ὅσσον ἀνερχομένης ἑτέρης ἀνατείνεται αὐχήν· διχθαδίης δὲ Δράκοντα μέσον ποίκιλλεν Ἁμάξης, ὃς σχεδὸν ἀμφοτέρων μεμερισμένα γυῖα συνάπτων γαστέρος οὐρανίης ἑλικώδεϊ κάμπτεται ὁλκῷ, 405ἄψ ἀνασειράζων δέμας αἰόλον, οἷά τε λοξοῦ Μαιάνδρου κελάδοντος ἕλιξ ῥόος, ὃς διὰ γαίης δοχμώσας ἐπίκυρτον ὕδωρ σπειρηδὸν ὁδεύει, εἰς κεφαλὴν Ἑλίκης ἀντώπιον ὄμμα τιταίνων ἀστραίαις φολίδεσσι δέμας μιτρούμενος, Ἄρκτων 410τείρεσιν ἀμφίζωστος· ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ δέ οἱ ἄκρῃ φέγγος ἀποπτύων προτενὴς ἀμαρύσσεται ἀστήρ, πέμπων πουλυόδοντα μέσην φλόγα χείλεσι γείτων.

Multitudes gathered to look at the varied wonders of Olympian art, shining wonders which a heavenly hand had made. The shield was emblazoned in many colours. In the middle was the circle of the earth, sea joined to land, and round about it the heaven dotted with a troop of stars ; in the sky was Helios in the basket of his blazing chariot, made of gold, and the white round circle of the full moon in silver. All the constellations were there which adorn the upper air, surrounding it as with a crown of many shining jewels throughout the seven zones. Beside the socket of the axle were the poles of the two heavenly Waggons, never touched by the water; for these both move head to loin together round a point higher than Oceanos, and the head of the sinking Bear always bends down exactly as much as the neck of the rising Bear stretches up. Between the two Waggons he made the Serpent, which is close by and joins the two separated bodies, bending his heavenly belly in spiral shape and turning to and fro his speckled body, like the spirals of Maiandros and its curving murmuring waters, as it runs to and fro in twists and turns over the ground : the Serpent keeps his eye ever fixt on the head of Helice, while his body is girdled with starry scales. The constellations of the Bears encompass him round: on the point of his tongue is held out a sparkling star, which close to his lips shoots light, and spits forth flame from the midst of his many teeth.

413τοῖα μὲν εἰς μέσα νῶτα σοφὸς τεχνήσατο χαλκεὺς ἀσπίδος εὐτύκτοιο· χαριζόμενος δὲ Λυαίῳ 415τεῦξε λυροδμήτοιο βοόκτιτα τείχεα Θήβης, ἑπταπόρων στοιχηδὸν ἀμοιβαίων πυλεώνων κτιζομένων· καὶ Ζῆθος ἔην περὶ πατρίδι κάμνων, θλιβομένῃ πετραῖον ἐπωμίδι φόρτον ἀείρων· Ἀμφίων δʼ ἐλίγαινε λυροκτύπος· ἀμφὶ δὲ μολπῇ 420εἰς δρόμον αὐτοκύλιστον ἕλιξ ἐχόρευε κολώνη, οἷά τε θελγομένη καὶ ἐν ἀσπίδι· καὶ τάχα φαίης . . . ποιητήν περ ἐοῦσαν, ὅτι σκιρτήματι παίζων κοῦφος ἀκινήτης ἐλελίζετο παλμὸς ἐρίπνης· σιγαλέῃ δὲ λύρῃ μεμελημένον ἄνδρα δοκεύων, 425κραιπνὸν ἀνακρούοντα μέλος ψευδήμονι νευρῇ, ἀγχιμολεῖν ἔσπευδες, ὅπως τεὸν οὖας ἐρείσας πυργοδόμῳ φόρμιγγι καὶ ὑμετέρην φρένα τέρψῃς, μολπῆς ἑπτατόνοιο λιθοσσόον ἦχον ἀκούων.

Such were the designs which the master-smith worked on the back of the wellwrought shield, in the middle ; and to please Lyaios he wrought also the harpbuilt walls of cowfounded “Thebes, when one after another the seven gateways were a-building in a row. There was Zethos carrying a load of stones on his chafing shoulder, and working hard for his country ; while Amphion played and twanged the harp, and at the tune a whole hill rolled along of itself as if bewitched and seemed to dance even on the shield. It was only a work of art, but you might have said, the immovable rock went lightly skipping and tripping along! When you saw the man busy with his silent harp, striking up a quick tune on his make-believe strings, you would quickly come closer to stretch your ear and delight your own heart with that harp which could build a wall, to hear the music of seven strings which could make the stones to move.

429καὶ σάκος εὐδίνητον, ὅπῃ χορὸς αἰόλος ἄστρων, 430δαίδαλον ἅρμενον εἶχεν, ἐπεὶ Διὸς ἔνδοθεν αὐλῆς Τρώιος οἰνοχόος ζαθέῃ ποικίλλετο τέχνῃ αἰετὸν εὐποίητον ἔχων πτερόεντα φορῆα, οἷα καὶ ἐν γραφίδεσσι, κατάσχετος ἅρπαγι ταρσῷ· ταρβαλέος δʼ ἤικτο διʼ αἰθέρος ἱπτάμενος Ζεύς, 435ἀδρύπτοις ὀνύχεσσι τεθηπότα κοῦρον ἀείρων, ἠρέμα κινυμένων πτερύγων πεφιδημένος ὁρμῇ, μὴ φονίοις ῥοθίοισι κατακρύπτοιτο θαλάσσης ἠερόθεν προκάρηνος ὀλισθήσας Γανυμήδης· Μοίρας δʼ ἔτρεμε μᾶλλον, ὅπως μὴ πρῶτον ὀπάσσας 440ἡβητὴς ἐρόεις ἑὸν οὔνομα γείτονι πόντῳ ὄψιμον ἁρπάξειε γέρας πεφυλαγμένον Ἕλλῃ· οὐρανίης δʼ ἤσκητο θεῶν παρὰ δαῖτα τραπέζης κοῦρος ἀφυσσομένῳ πανομοίιος· αὐτοχύτου δὲ νεκταρέης κρητῆρα βεβυσμένον εἶχεν ἐέρσης, 445καὶ Διὶ δαινυμένῳ δέπας ὤρεγεν· ἕζετο δʼ Ἥρη οἷα χολωομένη καὶ ἐν ἀσπίδι, μάρτυρι μορφῇ ψυχῆς ζῆλον ἔχουσα, παρεζομένῃ δὲ θεαίνῃ Παλλάδι δείκνυε κοῦρον, ὅτι γλυκὺ νέκταρ Ὀλύμπου βουκόλος ἀστερόφοιτος ἐῳνοχόει Γανυμήδης 450πάλλων χειρὶ κύπελλα, τά περ λάχε παρθένος Ἥβη.

The wellrounded shield had another beautiful scene amid the sparkling company of the stars, where the Trojan winepourer was cunningly depicted with art divine being carried into the court of Zeus. There well wrought was the Eagle, just as we see in pictures, on the wing, holding him fast in his predatory talons. Zeus appeared to be anxious as he flew through the air, holding the terrified boy with claws that tore not, gently moving the wings and sparing his strength, for he feared that Ganymede might slip and fall headlong from the sky, and the deadly surf of the sea might drown him. Even more he feared the Fates, and hoped that the lovely youth might not first give his name to the sea below and rob Helle of the honour which was reserved for her in future. Next the boy was depicted at the feast of the heavenly table, as one ladling the wine. There was a mixing-bowl beside him full of self-flowing nectarean dew, and he offered a cup to Zeus at the table. There Hera sat, looking furious even upon the shield, and showing in her mien how jealousy filled her soul; for she was pointing a finger at the boy, to show goddess Pallas who sat next her how a cowboy Ganymedes walked among the stars to pour out their wine, the sweet nectar of Olympos, and there he was handing the cups which were the lot of virgin Hebe.

451Μαιονίην δʼ ἤσκησεν, ἐπεὶ τροφὸς ἔπλετο Βάκχου, καὶ Μορίην καὶ στικτὸν ὄφιν καὶ θέσπιδα ποίην, καὶ χθονὸς ἄπλετον υἷα δρακοντοφόνον Δαμασῆνα, καὶ Τύλον ἰοβόλῳ κεχαραγμένον ὀξέι πότμῳ

Maionia he also portrayed, for she was the nurse of Bacchos; and Moria, and the dappled serpent, and the divine plant, and Damasen Serpentkiller the terrible son of Earth; Tylos, also, who lived in Maionia so short a time, was there mangled in his quick poisonous death.

455Μαιονίης ναέτην μινυώριον, ὅς ποτε βαίνων Μυγδονίου ποταμοῖο παρʼ ὀφρύσι γείτονος Ἕρμου ἥψατο χειρὶ δράκοντος· ὁ δὲ πλατὺν αὐχένα τείνας, ὑψώσας δὲ κάρηνον ἀφειδέι χάσματι λαιμοῦ ἀντίον ἀνδρὸς ὄρουσε, καὶ ἰσχία φωτὸς ἱμάσσων 460ὁλκαίην ἐλέλιζε θυελλήεσσαν ὁμοκλήν, καὶ βροτέῳ στεφανηδὸν ἐπὶ χροῒ νῶτα συνάπτων, ἁλλόμενος περὶ κύκλα νεότριχος ἀνθερεῶνος, ὄγμῳ πουλυόδοντι παρηίδος ἄκρα χαράξας ἰοβόλοις γενύεσσιν ἀπέπτυεν ἰκμάδα Μοίρης, 465καί οἱ ἐπιθρῴσκοντι βαρυνομένων ὑπὲρ ὤμων οὐραίαις ἑλίκεσσιν ἐμιτρώθη μέσος αὐχήν, Ἄιδος ὁρμὸν ἔχων ὀφιώδεα, γείτονα Μοίρης. καὶ νέκυς εἰς χθόνα πῖπτεν ὁμοίιος ἔρνεϊ γαίης. καὶ νέον οἰκτείρουσα δεδουπότα μάρτυρι πότμῳ

Tylos was walking once on the overhanging bank of neighbouring Hermos the Mygdonian River, when his hand touched a serpent. The creature lifted his head and stretched his hood, opened wide his ruthless gaping mouth and leapt on the man, whipt round the man’s loins his trailing tail and hissed like a whistling wind, curled round the man’s body in clinging rings, then darting at his face tore the cheeks and downy chin with sharp rows of teeth, and spat the juice of Fate out of his poisonous jaws. The man struggled with all that weight on his shoulders, while his neck was encircled by the coiling tail, a snaky necklace of death bringing Fate very near. Then he fell dead to the ground, like an uprooted tree.

470νηιὰς ἀκρήδεμνος ἐπέστενε γείτονι νεκρῷ, καὶ τότε θῆρα πέλωρον ἐρήτυεν, ὄφρα δαμείη· οὐ γὰρ ἕνα πρήνιζεν ὁδοιπόρον οὐδὲ νομῆα, καὶ Τύλον οὐ κτάνε μοῦνον ἀώριον, ᾗ δʼ ἐνὶ λόχμῃ ἐνδιάων καὶ θῆρας ἐδαίνυτο, πολλάκι δʼ ἕλκων 475ἄστατον αὐτόρριζον ὑπὸ χνοίῃσιν ὀδόντων δένδρεον εὐρώεντι κατέκρυφεν ἀνθερεῶνι, ἔμπαλιν αὖ ἐρύων βλοσυρὸν φύσημα γενείων· πολλάκι δʼ ἑλκυσθέντα παλινδίνητον ὁδίτην ἄσθμασιν ἐνδομύχοις πεφοβημένον εἰς στόμα σύρων 480τηλεφανὴς ὅλον ἄνδρα κεχηνότι δέξατο λαιμῷ.

A Naiad unveiled pitied one so young, fallen dead before her eyes; she wailed over the body beside her, and pulled off the monstrous beast, to bring him down. For this was not the first wayfarer that he had laid low, not the first shepherd, Tylos not the only one he had killed untimely; lurking in his thicket he battened on the wild beasts, and often pulled up a tree by the roots and dragged it in, then under the joints of his jaws swallowed it into his dank darksome throat, blowing out again a great blast from his mouth. Often he pulled in the wayfarer terrified by his lurking breath, and dragged him rolling over and over into his mouth—he could be seen from afar swallowing the man whole in his gaping maw.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 25, lines 380–480: The shield of Dionysos