Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 23.0–75: Book 23: Aiacos and Dionysos slaughter the Indians in the river

After the Naiad's plea, Aiacos and Dionysos drive the Indians into the Hydaspes and kill them as they wade or swim, until the river is choked with bodies. A despairing Indian, following the example of Orontes, kills himself rather than die at the hands of the Bacchants.

Lines 23.0–75 · 723 words · click a number to copy its link
0εἰκοστῷ τριτάτῳ πεπερημένον Ἰνδὸν Ὑδάσπην καὶ κλόνον ὑδατόεντα καὶ αἰθαλόεντα λιγαίνω.

In the twenty-third I sing Indian Hydaspes crossed, and the affray of water and fire.

1ὣς φαμένη πατρῷον ἐδύσατο φοίνιον ὕδωρ νηιὰς ὑδατόεσσα διάβροχος αἵματι Νύμφη. αὐτὰρ ὁ βάρβαρα φῦλα παρʼ ᾐόνας ἄορι τύπτων εἰς προχοὰς ἔτρεψε· διωκόμενοι δὲ σιδήρῳ 5δυσμενέες κτείνοντο φόβῳ στείνοντες Ὑδάσπην. καὶ πολὺς ἐν ῥοθίοισι πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ἑλίσσων νηχομένους μιμεῖτο, καὶ ἤθελε πότμον ἀλύξαι χερσὶν ἀπειρήτοις ποταμήια χεύματα τέμνων· ἀλλὰ ῥόῳ κεκάλυπτο· καὶ ὕδασιν ἄλλος ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ 10ἔγκυος οἰδαίνων διερῷ τυμβεύετο πότμῳ.

So spoke the Nymph, the Naiad of the waters, and soaked in blood plunged into the bloodstained water of her father. But Aiacos drove the barbarian hordes along the banks into the flood, striking with his sword ; the enemy pursued by the steel died in their rout and choked the river Hydaspes. Many a one in the flood stretched legs and arms in the manner of swimmers, and tried to escape his fate by cutting the stream with inexperienced hands, yet he was swallowed in the water; one upon another swollen big with water there found a floating grave.

11Οὐδʼ ἐπὶ δὴν παρὰ θῖνα φερεσσακέος ποταμοῖο πληθύι τοσσατίῃ φονίων κυκλούμενος Ἰνδῶν Αἰακὸς εἰσέτι μίμνεν, ἐπεὶ μογέοντι παρέστη Ἰνδοφόνος Διόνυσος ἀκαχμένα θύρσα τινάσσων. 15ἔνθα πολὺν στρατὸν ἄλλον ἀφειδέι δούρατι νύσσων Αἰακὸς ἐπρήνιξεν· ἐμαίνετο δʼ οἷά περ Ἄρης, σύνδρομος εὐθώρηκι κασιγνήτῳ Διονύσῳ.

But Aiacos had not long to wait on the bank of the shieldstrewn river, surrounded by all that multitude of deadly foes, for Dionysos Indianslayer was beside him at his need, shaking the sharpened wand. Then Aiacos laid low a great host besides, piercing them with unsparing spear ; furious as Ares he was by the side of his corseleted brother Dionysos.

18καὶ διερῇ Διόνυσος ὁμίλεε σύζυγι χάρμῃ ὑγρὸν ἐπʼ ἀντιβίοισι φέρων μόρον. εἰ δέ τις ἀνὴρ 20νήχετο δαιδαλέης ὑπὲρ ἀσπίδος οἴδματα τέμνων, νηχομένων κεράιξε μετάφρενον· εἰ δέ τις Ἰνδῶν ἡμιφανὴς πολέμιζεν ἐπʼ ἰλύι ταρσὸν ἐρείσας, θύρσῳ στῆθος ἔτυψεν ἢ αὐχένα, κύματα τέμνων, δυομένων· βυθίων γὰρ ἐπίστατο κόλπον ἐναύλων, 25ἐξ ὅτε μιν φεύγοντα μόθον δασπλῆτα Λυκούργου δώματι κυμαίνοντι γέρων ὑπεδέξατο Νηρεύς. πολλοὶ δʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα περικλείοντο ῥεέθρῳ, υἷα Διὸς τρομέοντες ὀρίδρομον, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν ὄρθιος ἰλυόεντι πόδας σφηκώσατο πηλῷ, 30αὐτοπαγὴς δʼ ἀτίνακτος ἀπʼ ἰξύος ἄχρι καρήνου ἡμιφανὴς ἀνέτελλε καλυπτομένην πτύχα μηροῦ· καὶ Βρομίῳ πολέμιζεν ἐν ὕδασι μᾶλλον ἀρούρης ἀμφοτέραις παλάμαις διδυμάονα δούρατα πάλλων· καὶ τὸ μὲν αἰχμάζεσκεν ἐς ᾐόνας ὑψόσε πέμπων, 35Αἰακὸν ἀντικέλευθον ἔχων σκοπόν, ἄλλο δὲ σείσας ἔγχος ἀνουτήτοιο κατηκόντιζε Λυαίου. καί τις ἐνεστήρικτο μέσον κενεῶνα καλύπτων, ὃς δὲ φυγεῖν οὐχ εὗρε, τετυμμένος ὀξέι θύρσῳ, ἴχνια πηλώεντι φέρων πεπεδημένα δεσμῷ, 40ταρσὸν ἔχων ψαμάθοισι κατάσχετον· ἵστατο δʼ ἄλλος κνήμης βαλλομένης· ὁ δὲ γούνατος ἄκρα διαίνων ὑγρὴν αἱμαλέοιο διʼ ὕδατος εἶχεν Ἐνυώ· ἄλλος ἐνερρίζωτο δεδυκότος ἄχρι γενείου, καὶ πόδας ᾐώρησε λελουμένον ὦμον ἀείρων, 45φεύγων φρικτὰ ῥέεθρα καταΐσσοντα προσώπου· ἄλλος ἐνὶ προχοῇσιν ὅλον δέμας ἐκ ποδὸς ἄκρου ἄχρι μέσου στέρνοιο κατάρρυτος, ὃς δὲ διαίνων ὤμους διχθαδίους, ὁ δὲ βόστρυχον ἄκρον ἐρεύσας δέχνυτο κυματόεσσαν ἐπαΐσσουσαν ἀπειλήν. 50εἰς βυθὸν ἄλλος ἔδυνε διάβροχα χείλεα σείων ἀνδροφόνον παρὰ χεῦμα σεσηρότος ἀνθερεῶνος.

Then Dionysos joined with him in the watery battle, and brought a drowning death to his foes. If some man swam by cutting through the waves on his wellmade shield, he thrust him through the back as he swam. If an Indian showed fight half under water and standing on the mud, he struck breast or neck with his wand, wading in among the drowning men; for he knew the deep bosom of the waters, ever since he fled from the murderous attack of Lycurgos, and ancient Nereus had entertained him in his billowy dwelling. Many on this side and that plunged into the stream in fear of the hillranging son of Zeus. One stood upright with feet held firmly in the slimy mud, selfstuck, immovable, half-visible from loins to head ; then lifting the hidden fork of the thigh he fought better against Bromios in water than on land, for he cast two lances from his two hands; one he let fly towards the bank, sending it up high, with Aiacos as his target, who was approaching; the other he poised and threw at Lyaios the invulnerable. Another stood firmly, covered to midbelly; and he could not escape, but the sharp wand struck him as he dragged his clogged feet through the fettering mud, and his soles were stayed in the sands. There was another, stopt by a wound in the calf; the river just reached his knee, and fought a wet warfare through the bloody water. Another rooted to the bottom was submerged over the chin, and tried to lift his feet so as to get a shoulder clear of the water, trying to escape the terrible flood which dashed in his face. Others with the whole body covered from the toes to the middle of the chest, or with both shoulders in the wet, or with red on the hair of his head, awaited the threatening attack of the waves. Another with wet lips palpitating and grinning teeth sank into the deathdealing stream.

52καί τις ἑοὺς ἑτάρους δεδοκημένος Ἰνδὸς ἀγήνωρ τοὺς μὲν κτεινομένους δολιχῷ δορί, τοὺς δὲ μαχαίρῃ, ἄλλον ὀιστευθέντα χαραδρήεντι βελέμνῳ, 55τὸν δὲ πολυπλέκτῳ δεδαϊγμένον ὀξέι θύρσῳ, Θουρέι νεκρὸν ὅμιλον ἐδείκνυεν, ἀχνύμενος δὲ τίλλε κόμην, φλογερῷ δὲ χόλου βακχεύετο πυρσῷ, σφίγγων καρχαρόδοντι μεμυκότα χείλεα δεσμῷ· καὶ ταχὺς αὐτοφόνον μιμούμενος Ἰνδὸν Ὀρόντην, 60βάρβαρον αἷμα φέρων καὶ βάρβαρον ἦθος ἀέξων, ἆορ ἑὸν γύμνωσεν, ἀπορρίψας δὲ χιτῶνα, Ἄρεος ἀρραγὲς ἕρκος, ἀλεξητῆρα βελέμνων, καὶ ξίφος ἀπτοίητος ἑῷ κενεῶνι πελάσσας ὑστατίην ταχύποτμος ἀγήνορα ῥήξατο φωνήν·

Some proud Indian seeing his companions killed by long spear or sword, struck by a missile rock, pierced by the sharp leafwrapt thyrsus-wand, pointed out to Thureus the heaps of corpses—then in anguish tore his hair, bit his lips deep and was dumb, wild with blazing indignation. Born of barbarian blood and bred in barbarian manners, he quickly followed the example of Indian Orontes and killed himself. Baring his sword, he stript off the corselet, that impregnable defence in battle which kept off the missiles, and undismayed set the blade to his flank, as he uttered a last proud speech before the quick stroke of death:

65γαστήρ, δέχνυσο τοῦτο φίλον ξίφος· αἰδέομαι γάρ, μή τις ἐμὲ κτείνειεν ἀνάρσιος ἀπτόλεμος χείρ. αὐτὸς ἐμῷ κενεῶνι θελήμονα χαλκὸν ἐλάσσω, μή με πατὴρ μέμψαιτο δεδουπότα θήλεϊ θύρσῳ, μὴ Σάτυρον, μὴ Βάκχον ἐμὸν καλέσειε φονῆα.

Belly, receive this friendly sword! I should be ashamed if I were killed by some unnatural unwarlike hand. I myself drive a willing blade into my own side, that my father may not reproach me brought low by a womanish wand, nor call Satyr or Bacchant my slayer !

70ἔννεπε κυανέης κατὰ γαστέρος ἆορ ἐρείσας τολμηραῖς παλάμῃσιν, ἅτε ξένον ἄνδρα δαΐζων, καὶ θάνεν αὐτοδάικτος ἐν ἀντιβίοισι Μενοικεύς, αἰδόμενος μετὰ δῆριν ἰδεῖν ἔτι Δηριαδῆα· ὄμμασι δʼ ἀκλαύτοισι θελήμονι κάτθανε πότμῳ, 75καὶ μανίης ἀπάνευθεν ἐφαίνετο χάλκεος Αἴας.

As he spoke, he thrust the sword down into his darkskinned belly with resolute hands, as if he were piercing a stranger, and died self-slain, another Menoiceus among his foes, ashamed to look again upon Deriades after this battle ; died a willing death with tearless eyes, and showed himself a brazen Aias but that he was not mad.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.