Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 22.0–81: Book 22: Bacchic wonders at the Hydaspes; Hera sows fear of poisoned water

The Bacchic host reaches the river Hydaspes, and the whole countryside joins the revel: springs flow with milk and wine, and wild beasts dance. A spy hidden in the foliage reports these wonders, and the terrified Indians nearly surrender, but Hera persuades them that Dionysos has poisoned the river.

Lines 22.0–81 · 732 words · click a number to copy its link
0δεύτερον εἰκοστὸν Βρομίου μόθον ἔργά τε μέλπει Αἰακὸς ὅσσα τέλεσσε καὶ ἐν πεδίῳ καὶ Ὑδάσπῃ.

The twenty-second celebrates the battle and feats of Bromios, all the deeds of Aiacos both on the plain and in the Hydaspes.

1ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ πόρον ἷξον ἐυκροκάλου ποταμοῖο Βάκχου πεζὸς ὅμιλος, ὅπῃ βαθυδίνεϊ κόλπῳ πλωτὸν ὕδωρ, ἅτε Νεῖλος, ἐρεύγεται Ἰνδὸς Ὑδάσπης, δὴ τότε Βασσαρίδων ἐμελίζετο θῆλυς ἀοιδὴ 5καὶ λασίων Σατύρων χορὸς ἔβρεμε μύστιδι φωνῇ· Νυκτελίῳ Φρύγα κῶμον ἀνακρούουσα Λυαίῳ, γαῖα δὲ πᾶσα γέλασσεν, ἐμυκήσαντο δὲ πέτραι νηιάδες δʼ ὀλόλυξαν, ὑπὲρ ποταμοῖο δὲ Νύμφαι σιγαλέοις ἑλικηδὸν ἐμιτρώσαντο ῥεέθροις 10καὶ Σικελῆς ἐλίγαινον ὁμόζυγα ῥυθμὸν ἀοιδῆς, οἷον ἀνεκρούοντο μελιγλώσσων ἀπὸ λαιμῶν ὑμνοπόλοι Σειρῆνες· ὅλη δʼ ἐλελίζετο λόχμη, καὶ μέλος ἐφθέγξαντο σοφαὶ δρύες εἴκελον αὐλῷ, Ἁδρυάδες δʼ ἀλάλαζον, ἐπʼ εὐπετάλοιο δὲ Νύμφη 15ἡμιφανὴς ἤειδεν ὑπερκύψασα κορύμβου.

When the footforces of Bacchos came to the crossing of the pebbly river, where, like the Nile, Indian Hydaspes pours his navigable water into a deep-eddying hollow, then sounded the womanish song of the Bassarids, making Phrygian festival for Lyaios of the Night, and the hairy company of Satyrs rang out with mystic voice. All the earth laughed, the rocks bellowed, the Naiads sang alleluia, the Nymphs circled in mazes over the silent streams of the river, and sang a melody of Sicilian tune, like the hymns which the minstrel Sirens pour from their honeytongued throats. All the woodlands rang thereat: the trees found skill to make music like the hoboy, the Hadryades cried aloud, the Nymph sang, peeping up halfseen over her leafy cluster.

16Χιονέῳ δὲ γάλακτι χυτὴ λευκαίνετο πηγή, ὑδρηλή περ ἐοῦσα, χαραδραίῳ δʼ ἐνὶ κόλπῳ νηιάδες λούσαντο γαλαξαίοισι ῥεέθροις, καὶ γάλα λευκὸν ἔπινον· ἐρευθιόωντι δὲ μαζῷ 20οἶνον ἐρευγομένη κραναὴ πορφύρετο πέτρη, γλεῦκος ἀμοσχεύτοιο διαβλύζουσα κολώνης ἡδυπότοις λιβάδεσσι· καὶ αὐτοχύτων ἀπὸ κόλπων λαρὰ μελιρραθάμιγγος ἐλείβετο δῶρα μελίσσης, σίμβλων οὐ χατέοντα· καὶ ἀρτιτόκων ἀπὸ θάμνων 25ἄγχνοον ὀξυέθειρος ἀνέδραμε μῆλον ἀκάνθης· αὐτομάτου δὲ χυθέντος ἐπʼ ἀκρεμόνεσσιν ἐλαίου ἰκμάσιν ἀθλιβέεσσιν ἐλούετο δένδρον Ἀθήνης.

The fountain, though but water, turned white and poured a stream of snowy milk ; in the hollow of the torrent the Naiads bathed in milky streams and drank the white milk. The rough rock spilled out wine from red nipples, and stained itself deep, as the must welled over the unplanted hill in showers sweet to drink; the pleasant gifts of the honeydropping bee dribbled from holes of themselves without need of hives ; from newsprouting bushes of spikyhair thorn sprang up softbloom apples ; oil poured of itself on the twigs of Athena’s tree, and bathed it in unpressed drops.

28καὶ κύνας ὀρχηστῆρας ἐπηχύνοντο λαγωοί· μηκεδανοὶ δὲ δράκοντες ἐβακχεύοντο χορείῃ 30ἴχνια λιχμώοντες ἐχιδνοκόμου Διονύσου, αὐχένα δοχμώσαντες, ἀνήρυγε δʼ ἄλλος ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ μειλίχιον σύριγμα γεγηθότος ἀνθερεῶνος· τερπομένου δὲ δράκοντος ἔην τότε ῥυθμὸς ἐχέφρων, καὶ δολιχῆς ἐλέλικτο περίπλοκος ὁλκὸς ἀκάνθης 35ποσσὶν ἀδειμάντοισι περισκαίρων Διονύσου· Ἰνδῴην δʼ ἑλικηδὸν ἐπισκαίροντες ἐρίπνην τίγριδες ἑψιόωντο· πολὺς δέ τις ἔνδοθι λόχμης

Hares embraced the dancing dogs; long serpents joined in the merry dance, curving down their heads and licking the footprints of snakehair Dionysos, and one after another blew out gentle hisses from glad throats ; there was method in the movements of the happy reptiles, as the interlacing coils of their long spines skipt about Dionysos on fearless feet. Tigers Jumped round and round in play on the Indian precipices ; a great swarm of hillranging elephants went skipping in the forest glades.

38ἐσμὸς ἀνεσκίρτησεν ὀρεσσινόμων ἐλεφάντων. καὶ τότε παιπαλόεντα κατʼ ἄγκεα Πᾶνες ἀλῆται 40δύσβατα λεπταλέῃσι διέτρεχον οὔρεα χηλαῖς φρικτά, τὰ μὴ θρασὺς ὄρνις ἐπέπτατο κοῦφος ὁδίτης . . . ὑψιπόρων πτερύγων διεμέτρεε δίζυγι παλμῷ καὶ δονέων πλοκαμῖδα παρήορον ἀνθερεῶνος σύννομος ἀντεχόρευε λέων βητάρμονι κάπρῳ· 45ἀνδρομέης δʼ ὄρνιθες ἀνέκλαγον εἰκόνα μολπῆς μιμηλὴν ἀτέλεστον ὑποκλέπτοντες ἰωήν, νίκην Ἰνδοφόνοιο προθεσπίζοντες ἀγῶνος, καὶ χλοεροῖς μελέεσσι παρήορον ὄρθιον οὐρὴν ἐκταδὸν αἰθύσσοντες· ὁμοζήλῳ δὲ χορείῃ 50πόρδαλις ὑψιπότητος ἐπέτρεχε σύνδρομος ἄρκτῳ. καὶ βαλίων σκυλάκων ἀνεσείρασεν Ἄρτεμις ὁρμὴν μειλιχίης ὁρόωσα χοροίτυπον ἅλμα λεαίνης· αἰδομένη δʼ εὔκυκλον ἑὴν ἀνελύσατο νευρήν, τερπομένους μὴ θῆρας ὀιστεύσειε βελέμνοις.

The Pans then, roaming about the craggy ravines sped on nimble hooves through the trackless hills ; in terrible places, where even that light traveller the bird would not dare to fly, or traverse with his pair of beating wings in his lofty course. The lion shook the mane hanging about his jaws, and danced in partnership with the tripping boar. Birds squawked an image of human speech, and borrowing the warcry half mimicked, they prophesied victory in the Indian struggle, and shook the tail straight out along their green bodies. The panther dancing with equal spirit, leapt high with a bear for partner. Artemis checked the rush of her swift hounds, when she saw the romping leaps of a lioness now tame, and slackened for very shame the string of her bended bow, that she might not shoot the happy beasts with her arrows.

55καί τις ἐσαθρήσας ἑτερότροπα θαύματα Βάκχου, ὄμμα βαλὼν πυκινοῖο διʼ ἀκροτάτοιο κορύμβου, φύλλα περιστείλας θηήτορα κύκλον ὀπωπῆς, τόσσον ἰδεῖν μεθέηκεν, ὅσον περιδέρκεται ἀνὴρ ὄμμασι ποιητοῖσι διοπτεύων τρυφαλείης, 60ἢ ὁπότε τραγικοῖο χοροῦ δεδαημένος ἀνήρ, φρικτὸν ἔχων μύκημα τανυφθόγγων ἀπὸ λαιμῶν, ἐνδόμυχον τυκτοῖο διʼ ὄμματος ὄμμα τιταίνει, ψευδαλέον βροτέοιο φέρων ἴνδαλμα προσώπου. ὣς ὅ γε θαύματα πάντα λαθὼν ὑπὸ δάσκιον ὕλην 65ἀπροϊδὴς ἐδόκευεν ὑποκλέπτοντι προσώπῳ· ἀντιβίοις δʼ ἤγγειλε· φόβῳ δʼ ἐλελίζετο Θουρεὺς μεμφόμενος Μορρῆι καὶ ἄφρονι Δηριαδῆι. ἔτρεμε δʼ Ἰνδὸς ὅμιλος, ἀφειδήσας δὲ κυδοιμοῦ χάλκεα ταρβαλέων ἀπεσείσατο τεύχεα χειρῶν, 70δένδρεα παπταίνων δεδονημένα θυιάδι ῥιπῇ.

One there was watching the strange miracles of Bacchos, as he peered out through the top of a thick cluster. He made a round spyhole through the leaves; he let himself see just so much as a man sees when he looks out of the eyeholes made in his helmet; or when a man trained in the tragic chorus utters a terrific roar from his far- resounding throat, and strains his eyesight within through the eyepiece made in the mask which he carries as a deceitful likeness of a man’s face. So this man hiding under the dark bushes watched all the miracles unseen with furtive gaze. He told all to the enemy. Thureus shook with fear, and blamed Morrheus and Deriades for their thoughtlessness : the Indian host trembled, and thinking no more of combat, threw the bronze weapons from frightened hands when they saw the trees moving under the maddening influence.

71καί νύ κεν Ἰνδὸς ὅμιλος ἑλὼν ἀπὸ γείτονος ὄχθης μάρτυρον ἱκεσίης γλαυκόχροα θαλλὸν ἐλαίης αὐχένα δοῦλον ἔκαμψεν ἀδηρίτῳ Διονύσῳ· ἀλλὰ μεταλλάξασα δέμας πολυμήχανος Ἥρη 75δυσμενέας θάρσυνε καὶ ἤπαφεν ὄρχαμον Ἰνδῶν, Θεσσαλίδων μάγον ὕμνον ἐφαψαμένη Διονύσῳ, καὶ Κίρκης κυκεῶνα θεοκλήτοις ἐπαοιδαῖς, οἷά τε φαρμακτῆρος ἀφαρμάκτου ποταμοῖο. καὶ πίθεν ἀντιβίους ταχυπειθέας· εἶπε δʼ ἑκάστῳ, 80μή ποτέ τις σφάλλοιτο κατάσχετος αἴθοπι δίψῃ κλεψινόου ποταμοῖο πιὼν δεδολωμένον ὕδωρ.

And now the Indian host would have plucked from the neighbouring banks green shoots of olive in token of supplication, and bent a servile neck before Dionysos unconquerable. But Hera ever ready took another shape, and gave courage to the enemy. She deceived the Indian leader; she fastened on Dionysos a song of magical Thessalian spells, and Circe’s posset with invocations of the gods, as if he had poisoned that unpoisoned river. She convinced the enemy, quite ready to be convinced, and told each one not to let himself be driven by fiery thirst to drink of the adulterated water of the mind-stealing river, and so come to grief.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.