Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 19.263–348: Book 19: Seilenos dances and becomes a river; Maron's address to the river

Seilenos dances a series of acrobatic figures until he falls and turns into a river. Maron, who wins the golden bowl, throws the silver bowl into the water and addresses the new river, reminding it of the earlier Seilenos whom Apollo flayed and changed into a river for challenging him at the pipes. He tells the river it has paid for competing with its betters.

Lines 19.263–348 · 861 words · click a number to copy its link
263τοῦτο σοφῇ παλάμῃ κερόεις Σειληνὸς ὑφαίνων δεξιτερὴν μὲν ἔπαυσε, πολυσκάρθμῳ δὲ πεδίλῳ 265ἐκ χθονὸς ᾐώρητο καὶ ἠέρι πέμπεν ὀπωπάς, πῇ μὲν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ὁμόζυγα ταρσὰ συνάπτων, πῇ δὲ διαζεύξας ἑτεραλκέι πάλλετο τέχνῃ, ἄλλοτε πουλυέλικτος ὑπὲρ δαπέδοιο χορεύων ὀρθὸς ἐπὶ πτέρναις ἑλικώδεϊ σείετο παλμῷ· 270δεξιτερῷ δʼ ἄγναμπτος ἐπεστηρίζετο ταρσῷ δάκτυλον ἄκρον ἔχων ἑτέρου ποδός, ἢ γόνυ κάμψας συμφερταῖς παλάμῃσιν ἢ ἐκταδίην πτύχα μηρῶν Σειληνὸς βαρύγουνος, ἔχων ποδὸς ὄρθιον ὁρμήν· καὶ πόδα λαιὸν ἄειρεν ἐπὶ πλευροῖο καὶ ὤμου 275κουφίζων ἑλικηδόν, ὀπισθοτόνῳ δʼ ὑπὸ τέχνῃ καμπύλον ᾐώρησεν ἐπʼ αὐχένι ταρσὸν ἑλίξας· καὶ βαλίῃ στροφάλιγγι παλιννόστοιο χορείης ὕπτιος αὐτοέλικτος ἐκάμπτετο κυκλάδι τέχνῃ πεπταμένην ἐπίκυρτον ἐς ἠέρα γαστέρα φαίνων, 280τὴν αὐτὴν στεφανηδὸν ἀτέρμονα νύσσαν ἀμείβων· καὶ κεφαλὴ πεφόρητο παρήορος, οἷά περ αἰεὶ ἁπτομένη δαπέδοιο καὶ οὐ ψαύουσα κονίης· καὶ ποδὶ λαχνήεντι πέδον Σειληνὸς ἀμύσσων ἄστατος ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα ποδῶν βακχεύετο παλμῷ.

So horned Seilenos wove his web with neat-handed skill, and his right hand ceased to move. Then fixing his gaze on the sky, he leapt into the air with bounding shoe. Now he clapt both feet together, then parted them, and went hopping from foot to foot ; now over the floor he twirled dancing round and round upright upon his heels and spun in a circling sweep. He stood steady on his right foot holding a toe of the other foot, or bent his knee and caught it in his clasped hands, or held an outstretched thigh with the other leg upright, the heavyknee Seilenos! He lifted the left foot coiling up to the side, to the shoulder, twining it behind him and holding it up until he brought the sole round his neck. Then with a quick turn of the back-swerving dance, he artfully bent himself over, face up, in a hoop, showing his belly spread out and curved up towards the sky, while he spun round and round on one unchanging spot. His head hung down as he moved, as if it were always touching the ground and yet not grazing the dust. So Seilenos went scratching the ground with hairy foot, restlessly moving round and round in his wild caperings.

285καὶ τότε γούνατα κάμνε, τινασσομένου δὲ καρήνου ὕπτιος αὐτοκύλιστος ἐπωλίσθησεν ἀρούρῃ· καὶ ποταμὸς μορφοῦτο· δέμας δέ οἱ ἔβλυεν ὕδωρ χεύμασιν αὐτομάτοισιν· ἀμειβομένου δὲ μετώπου εἰς προχοὴν ἐπίκυρτον ἐκυμαίνοντο κεραῖαι, 290καὶ ῥόθιον κορυφοῦτο κυκώμενον ὕψι καρήνου, καὶ βυθὸς ἰχθυόεις ψαμάθῳ κοιλαίνετο γαστήρ· Σειληνοῦ δὲ χυθέντος ἀμειβομένη πέλε χαίτη εἰς θρύον αὐτοτέλεστον· ὑπὲρ ποταμοῖο δὲ γείτων

At last his knees failed him ; with shaking head he slipt to the ground and rolled over on his back. At once he became a river: his body was flowing water with natural ripples all over, his forehead changed to a winding current with the horns for waves, the turbulent swell came to a crest on his head, his belly sank into the sand, a deep place for fishes. As Seilenos lay spread, his hair changed into natural rushes, and over the river his pipes made a shrill tune of themselves as the breezes touched them.

294ὀξυτενὴς σύριζε δόναξ δεδονημένος αὔραις 295αὐτοφυής. γλυκερὴν δὲ Μάρων ἀνεδήσατο νίκην, ἀγκὰς ἔχων κρητῆρα βεβυσμένον ἡδέος οἴνου· Σειληνοῦ δὲ χυθέντος ἀέθλιον, οἷά τε λοιβήν, ἀργύρεον κρητῆρα λαβὼν ἔρριψε ῥεέθροις, καὶ προχοὰς ἐμέθυσσε χοροπλεκέος ποταμοῖο, 300χῶρος ὅθεν κρητῆρος ἐπώνυμος, ἡδυπότου δὲ Σειληνοῦ κελάδοντος ἀκούεται Εὔιον ὕδωρ. καί τινα μῦθον ἔλεξε Μάρων ποταμηίδι πηγῇ·

But Maron crowned himself with the sweets of victory, and held in his arms the mixer stuffed with delicious wine ; he took the silver bowl, the prize of Seilenos now a flood, and threw it into the river as a libation, where it intoxicated the currents of the dancing river. And so the place was named from the Mixer, and men still speak of the Euian water of murmuring Seilenos full of sweet drink. Then Maron addressed these words to the running stream :

303οὔ σε Μάρων, Σειληνέ, βιάζεται· εἰς σὲ δὲ ῥίψω οἶνον ἐρευθιόωντα καὶ οἰνοδόκον σε καλέσσω. 305δέξο, μέθης ἀκόρητε, τεὸν μέθυ, δέχνυσο Βάκχου ἀργύρεον κρητῆρα, καὶ ἔσσεαι ἀργυροδίνης. εἰλιπόδη Σειληνέ, καὶ ἐν προχοῇσι χορεύεις, σεῖο ποδῶν στροφάλιγγα καὶ ἐν ῥοθίοισι φυλάσσεις, εἰσέτι κωμάζεις διερὸν τύπον· ἀλλὰ σὺ Βάκχαις 310ἵλαθι καὶ Σατύροισι καὶ οἰνοδότῃσιν ὀπώραις, Σειληνοὺς δὲ φύλασσε, τεῆς βλάστημα γενέθλης· ἀκροπότῃ δὲ Μάρωνι χαρίζεο, μηδέ σε νίκης ζῆλον ὑποκλέπτοντα καὶ ἐν ποταμοῖσι νοήσω. ὕδασι μᾶλλον ἄεξε Μαρωνίδος οἶνον ὀπώρης·

‘“Maron does you no harm, Seilenos. I will cast the ruddy wine into you and call you the Cellarer. Accept your drink, tippler never satisfied, accept the silver bowl of Bacchos, and you shall have silvery eddies. Seilenos Twirlthefoot, you dance even in your current, you keep the spinning of your feet even in your waves, you revel still in your watery shape. Then be gracious to Bacchants and Satyrs and winegiving vintage, and guard the Seilenoi of your own race. Be generous to Maron who drinks no heeltaps, and let me never see that you still keep a secret grudge among the rivers. Rather let your waters increase the wine of Maron’s vintage, and be of one mind with Dionysos even among the rivers.

315ἔσσο καὶ ἐν ποταμοῖσιν ὁμοφρονέων Διονύσῳ. νήπιε, τίς σε δίδαξεν ἀρειοτέροισιν ἐρίζειν; Σειληνὸς πάλιν ἄλλος, ὑπέρβιον αὐλὸν ἀμείβων, αὐχένα γαῦρον ἄειρε καὶ εἰς ἔριν ἤλυθε Φοίβῳ· ἀλλά ἑ γυμνώσας λασίου χροός, ἔρνεϊ δήσας, 320ἔμπνοον ἀσκὸν ἔθηκε, καὶ ὑψόθι πολλάκι δένδρου ἐνδόμυχος κόλπωσε τύπον μιμηλὸν ἀήτης, οἷα πάλιν μέλποντος ἀσιγήτοιο νομῆος· καί μιν ἐποικτείρων μορφώσατο Δελφὸς Ἀπόλλων, καὶ ποταμὸν ποίησεν ὁμώνυμον· εἰσέτι κείνου 325Σειληνοῦ λασίοιο φατίζεται ἀγκύλον ὕδωρ, καὶ κτύπον ἠνεμόφοιτον ἐρεύγεται, οἷά περ αἰεὶ

“Foolish one, who taught you to strive with your betters? Another Seilenos there was, fingering a proud pipe, who lifted a haughty neck and challenged a match with Phoibos ; but Phoibos tied him to a tree and stript off his hairy skin, and made it a windbag. There it hung high on a tree, and the breeze often entered, swelling it out into a shape like his, as if the shepherd could not keep silence but made his tune again. Then Delphic Apollo changed his form in pity, and made him the river which bears his name. Men still speak of the winding water of that hairy Seilenos, which lets out a sound wandering on the wind, as if he were still playing on the reeds of his Phrygian pipe in rivalry.

327ἀντιτύποις δονάκεσσι μελιζομένου Φρυγὸς αὐλοῦ. καὶ σὺ δέμας μετάμειψας ἀρείονι νεῖκος ἀνάψας Σειληνῷ προτέρῳ πανομοίιος. ἀλλὰ σὺ νύμφην 330μηκέτι μαστεύσειας ἀσάμβαλον ἠθάδα Βάκχην, Βάκχην λυσιέθειραν ὀρειάδα· λυσικόμων γὰρ Νηιάδων ἀπέλεθρος ἐυφραίνει σε γενέθλη. μηκέτι μαστεύσῃς ὀφιώδεα δεσμὰ Λυαίου, ἐγχέλυας μεθέπων σκολιὴν ὠδῖνα ῥεέθρων, 335καὶ στικταῖς φολίδεσσιν ἀρηρότες ἀντὶ δρακόντων ἰχθύες ὑμετέροισιν ἐφερπύζουσι ῥεέθροις. εἰ δὲ σὺ βοτρυόεντος ἐνοσφίσθης Διονύσου. μᾶλλον ἐπολβίζω σε· σὺ γὰρ καὶ βότρυν ἀέξεις· τί πλέον ἤθελες ἄλλο τεῶν θρεπτῆρα ῥοάων 340Ζῆνα φέρων μετὰ Βάκχον, ὅλης γενετῆρα γενέθλης; ἀντὶ τεῶν Σατύρων ποταμῶν στίχες· ἀντὶ δὲ ληνοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ κελάδοντος ὑπὲρ νώτοιο χορεύεις. εἴκελον εἶδος ἔχεις καὶ ἐν ὕδασιν· οὐ νέμεσις δὲ Σειληνὸν κομόωντα βοοκραίροισι μετώποις 345ταυρείην κερόεσσαν ἔχειν ποταμηίδα μορφήν.

“So you also have changed your shape by challenging one better than you, just like the earlier Seilenos. You must no longer seek a barefoot Bacchant for your bride as before, that Bacchant of the mountains with flowing locks ; you have now for your pleasure the innumerable tribe of Naiads with flowing hair. Seek no longer the snaky wreaths of Lyaios ; eels are what you have to do with, the wriggling travail of the streams, and instead of serpents there are fishes with closefitted speckled scales crawling in your streams. And if you have parted from Dionysos and his grapes, I hold you the happier; for you really make the grapes to grow! What more could you want, when you have after Bacchos now Zeus to feed your streams, the Father of all creation? Instead of your Satyrs you have your regiments of rivers ; instead of the winepress you dance on the back of murmuring Ocean. Even in the waters you are like what you were: it is proper that Seilenos, once proud of his horned forehead, as a river should have the horned shape of a bull.”

346εἶπε Μάρων· καὶ πάντες ἐθάμβεον ἀγκύλον ὕδωρ Σειληνοῦ ζαχύτοιο κυβιστητῆρος ἰδόντες. ἰσοφυὲς μίμημα πολυγνάμπτου ποταμοῖο.

So Maron spoke ; and all wondered to see the winding waters of Seilenos the tumbling flood, the ever-turning river which was his very likeness.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.