Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 17.192–314: Book 17: Orontes' duel with Dionysos and his death

Orontes scatters the Satyrs and Centaurs, killing the Centaur Hylaios with a hurled boulder, until he meets Dionysos face to face. His spear cannot wound the god, but Dionysos splits his breastplate with a cluster of vine. Orontes asks Helios to carry the news to Deriades, falls on his own sword and gives his name to the river; Dionysos taunts the corpse, and the Nymphs bury it and carve an epitaph.

Lines 17.192–314 · 1127 words · click a number to copy its link
192ὣς εἰπὼν προμάχοισιν ἐπέδραμε θερμὸς Ὀρόντης, Ἄρεος ἀμώων διφυὲς θέρος· οὐδέ τις ἔτλη τοσσατίου προμάχοιο μένειν ἀντίξοον ὁρμήν, 195οὐ θρασὺς Εὐρυμέδων πυρόεις, οὐ σύγγονος Ἄλκων· φεῦγε γὰρ Ἀστραῖος, Σατύρων πρόμος, οὐδέ τις αὐτῶν Σειληνῶν παρέμιμνεν. ἀελλήεντι δὲ ταρσῷ γαμβρὸς ἐριπτοίητος ἐμαίνετο Δηριαδῆος ἀντία Κενταύρων ἀνεμώδεα λᾶον ἀείρων, 200καὶ τύχεν Ὑλαίοιο· δασυστέρνου δὲ νομῆος ἔθλασεν ἄκρα μέτωπα βαλὼν μυλοειδέι πέτρῳ, καὶ σκέπας ἐστυφέλιξε χαραδρήεντι βελέμνῳ, ψευδαλέον μίμημα τετυγμένον ἠθάδι γύψῳ, ἀντίτυπον πήληκος ἀληθέος ἕρκος ὀπωπῆς· 205καὶ τὸ μὲν ἐν χθονὶ πῖπτε πολυσχιδές, αἴθοπι τέφρῃ εἴκελον, ἀργυφέη δὲ πέλεν κόνις· αὐτὰρ ὁ κάμνων ἔγχεϊ πετρήεντι πέδον πήχυνεν ἀγοστῷ. Κενταύρου δʼ ἑτέροιο διʼ εὐκεράοιο καρήνου ἀμφιτόμῳ βουπλῆγι τυχὼν λασίοιο μετώπου 210ταυρείην ἐπίκυρτον ἀπηλοίησε κεραίην· καὶ πολὺς εἰς χθόνα πῖπτεν, ἐπισκαίρων δὲ καρήνῳ ἡμιθανὴς κεκύλιστο, καὶ οὔασι τύπτε κονίην· καὶ δέμας ὀρθώσας πυμάτῳ βακχεύετο ταρσῷ, εἰλιπόδην ἀγέλαστον ἔχων ὀρχηθμὸν ὀλέθρου· 215καὶ κτύπον ἐσμαράγησε πέλωρ, ἅτε ταῦρος ἰάλλων τρηχαλέον μύκημα σεσηρότος ἀνθερεῶνος,

With these words Orontes dashed hot upon the front ranks, reaping a harvest in both kinds. Not one of all that wide front durst abide the adverse onset of so mighty a champion—not bold fiery Eurymedon, not Alcon his kinsman: Astraios chief of the Satyrs was in flight, none of the Seilenoi themselves would stand. With stormy foot Deriades’ goodson rushed in, raging, lifted a boulder in the air and let fly at the Centaurs, and hit Hylaios: the stone, a very millstone, crushed the forehead of the shaggybreast shepherd ; the missile torn from the rock smashed his headpiece, a sham imitation made of the familiar chalk like a real helmet guarding the face, which fell to the ground like a glowing cinder in many pieces and whitened the dust, while the creature crushed by this stony spear threw his arms along the ground. Next he struck the hairy front of another Centaur with a two-bladed axe, and shore away the curving horn from his bull’s-head. He fell in a great heap on the ground, and rolled headlong tumbling about half dead and brushing the dust with his ears; then lifting his body on his feet, with a last wild effort he danced a stumbling hideous dance of death: the monster let out a harsh roaring sound, like a bull struck on the skull which bellows horribly with grinning jaws.

217κρᾶτα τυπείς. Ἑλίκην δὲ βαλὼν ἄστοργος Ἐρεμβεὺς στήθεϊ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε, καὶ ἄργυφον ἄντυγα μαζοῦ αἵματι φοινίσσοντι κατέγραφε κυανέη χείρ· 220τὴν δὲ κονιομένην ἑτέρῃ ξύνωσαν ἀνίῃ πέπλον ἀναστείλαντες ἀκοντιστῆρες ἀῆται· καὶ χροὸς ἔβλυε λύθρον ἐπήρατον· αἰδομένη δὲ δεξιτερῇ συνάγειρεν ἑὸν φεύγοντα χιτῶνα, γυμνὰ φυλασσομένη χιονώδεος ὄργια μηροῦ.

The pitiless Erembeus now struck Helice, and drove his blade into her chest : the black hand scored the white circle of her breast with red blood. She rolled in the dust, and the hurtling winds taught her a second sorrow by lifting her robe. As her lovely gore welled up over the skin, she modestly smoothed the errant vesture with her right hand, guarding the bare secrets of the snowy-white thigh.”

225καὶ θεὸς ἀθρήσας δηίων ἑτεραλκέα νίκην καὶ Σατύρους πτώσσοντας ἐπεσμαράγησε κυδοιμῷ, ὡς στρατὸς ἐννεάχιλος ἐριγδούπων ἀπὸ λαιμῶν συμφερτοῖς στομάτεσσι χέων ἀντίκτυπον ἠχώ. καὶ Βρομίῳ ταχύγουνος ἐμάρνατο μοῦνος Ὀρόντης, 230θνητὸς ἐών, βροτέῃ δὲ θεὸν προκαλίζετο φωνῇ. ἄμφω δʼ εἰς μόθον ἦλθον ὁμήλυδες, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν ἔγχος ἔχων, ὁ δὲ θύρσον ἀκαχμένον. ἄκρα δὲ Βάκχου κρατὸς ἀνουτήτοιο βαλὼν ὑπέροπλος Ὀρόντης θηγαλέην Βρομίοιο μάτην ἤρασσε κεραίην· 235οὐ γὰρ ἄναξ Διόνυσος ἀδηλήτοιο καρήνου ταυροφυῆ τύπον εἶχε Σεληναίοιο μετώπου τεμνόμενον βουπλῆγος ἀλοιητῆρι σιδήρῳ, ὡς κερόεις Ἀχελῷος ἀείδεται, οὗ ποτε κόψας Ἡρακλέης κέρας εἷλε γαμοστόλος· ἀλλὰ Λυαῖος 240οὐράνιον μίμημα βοώπιδος εἶχε Σελήνης, δαιμονίης ἄρρηκτον ἔχων βλάστημα κεραίης, ἀντιβίοις ἀτίνακτον· ὁ δὲ θρασὺς ἀντία Βάκχου ἠερίῃ βαρύδουπος ὁμοίιος Ἰνδὸς ἀέλλῃ δεύτερον ἠκόντιζεν, ἀνεγνάμφθη δέ οἱ αἰχμὴ 245νεβρίδος ἁψαμένη μολίβου τύπον. ἀντιτύπου δὲ πέμπων οἴνοπα θύρσον ἐπὶ πλατὺν ὦμον Ὀρόντου Βάκχος ἑκὼν ἀφάμαρτεν· ἐπεγγελόων δὲ Λυαίου

The god, seeing victory pass to the enemy, and the Satyrs cowed, uttered a loud cry in the turmoil, like an army of nine thousand men pouring defiant shouts with united voices from thunderous throats. Now Orontes fought alone quicknee against Bromios, and he a mortal, challenging with human voice a god. Both advanced together to the encounter, one with a spear, one with a pointed thyrsus. Orontes proud of his armament struck Bacchos on the top of his head, but wounded him not ; he grazed the sharp horn of Bromios all for nothing. For Lord Dionysos wore on that invulnerable head nothing like the shape of the bullfaced moon which can be cut by the devastating steel of the slaughterer’s axe, as they sing of horned Achelods, when Heracles cut off his horn and took it to adorn his wedding. No, Lyaios wore the heavenly image of the cow’s-eye moon, a growth of divine horns shake, The bold Indian facing Bacchos, heavy-thundering like a tempest in the sky, again cast a spear, but the point when it touched the fawnskin crumpled up like lead. Bacchos in his turn let fly his purple thyrsus at the broad shoulder of Orontes, and missed on purpose. Then fightgod Orontes laughed aloud at the ivyswathed lance, and said :

248ἔγχεϊ κισσήεντι θεημάχος εἶπεν Ὀρόντης· οὗτος ὁ θῆλυν ὅμιλον ἐμαῖς στρατιῇσι κορύσσων, 250εἰ δύνασαι, πολέμιζε γυναικείῳ σέο θύρσῳ, εἰ δύνασαι, προμάχιζε· καί, εἰ μερόπων φρένα τέρπεις πανδαμάτωρ, ἕνα μοῦνον ἀθελγέα θέλξον Ὀρόντην. ἵστασο δηριόων, καὶ γνώσεαι, οἷον ἀέξει ὄρχαμον ἀλκήεντα γέρων ἐμὸς Ἰνδὸς Ὑδάσπης. 255οὐ Φρυγίης γενόμην, ὅθεν ἄρσενές εἰσι γυναῖκες, ἄσπορον ἀμήσαντες ἀνυμφεύτου στάχυν ἥβης· οὐ θεράπων ἀσίδηρος ἀνάλκιδός εἰμι Λυαίου. φάρμακα σοὺς προμάχους οὐ ῥύσεται· ὑμετέρας δὲ θυιάδας ἀμφιπόλους ληίσσομαι, ἐκ δὲ κυδοιμοῦ 260Σειληνοὺς θεράποντας ἐμῷ βασιλῆι κομίσσω, σοὺς Σατύρους πτώσσοντας ἐμῷ δορὶ πάντας ὀλέσσω.

“You that array a crowd of women against my armies, fight if you can with your womanish thyrsus! Play the champion if you can! And if you delight the heart of all mankind, allconquering, now charm one only whom nothing can charm— Orontes! Stand and fight! you shall see what a prime hero my ancient father Indian Hydaspes has produced ! I was not born in Phrygia, where the men are women, who have reaped the corn of youth without seed and without wedlock. I am no unarmed servant of Lyaios the weakling. Drugs will not save your champions; your crazy women I will lead captive, your Seilenoi I will bring from battle as servants for my king, your Satyrs I will destroy, all cowering before my spear.”

262εἶπεν ὁμοκλήσας στρατιῆς πρόμος· εἰσαΐων δὲ Βάκχος ἄναξ κεχόλωτο, καὶ ἀμπελόεντι κορύμβῳ τύψε κατὰ στέρνου πεφιδημένος· οὐτιδανῷ δὲ 265ἄνθεϊ βοτρυόεντι τυπεὶς ἐσχίζετο θώρηξ· οὐδὲ καλυπτομένου χροὸς ἥψατο Βακχιὰς αἰχμή, οὐ δέμας ἄκρον ἄμυξε· σιδηρείου δὲ χιτῶνος ῥηγνυμένου βαρύδουπος ἐχάζετο γυμνὸς Ὀρόντης· ἠῴην δʼ ἐπὶ πέζαν ἑὰς ἐτίταινεν ὀπωπὰς 270ἀντιπόρῳ Φαέθοντι καὶ ὑστατίην φάτο φωνήν·

So cried in defiance the leader of the host. Lord Bacchos was angry when he heard him, and with a vine cluster he tapped him gently on the chest. This tap of an insignificant vinegrown bloom split his breastpiece. The god’s pike did not touch the protected flesh, did not scratch his body ; but the coat of mail broke and fell with a heavy clang— Orontes was naked! He stept back and turned his gaze to the eastern expanse, and uttered his last words to Phaéthon opposite :

271ἠέλιε, φλογεροῖο διʼ ἅρματος αἰθέρα τέμνων. γείτονα Καυκασίην ὑπὲρ αὔλακα φέγγος ἰάλλων στῆσον ἐμοὶ σέο δίφρα, καὶ ἔννεπε Δηριαδῆι Ἰνδῶν δοῦλα γένεθλα καὶ αὐτοδάικτον Ὀρόντην 275καὶ θύρσους ὀλίγους ῥηξήνορας, εἰπὲ καὶ αὐτοῦ νίκην φαρμακόεσσαν ἀπειρομόθου Διονύσου. καὶ ῥόον οἰνωθέντα νοοσφαλέος ποταμοῖο· εἰπὲ δέ, πῶς ἀκάμαντα σιδηροφόρων στρατὸν Ἰνδῶν λεπταλέοις πετάλοισι διασχίζουσι γυναῖκες. 280εἰ δὲ τεῆς Κλυμένης μιμνήσκεαι εἰσέτι λέκτρων, ῥύεο Δηριαδῆα, τεῆς βλάστημα γενέθλης, Ἀστρίδος αἷμα φέροντα φατιζομένης σέο κούρης. οὐ πιθόμην Βρομίῳ θηλύφρονι· μάρτυρας ἕλκω ἠέλιον καὶ γαῖαν ἀτέρμονα καὶ θεὸν Ἰνδῶν,

“O Helios, cutting the air in your fiery chariot, pouring your light on the Caucasian plowland so near, stay your car I pray, and announce to Deriades how the Indian peoples are slaves, how Orontes has destroyed himself, how the little thyrsus has broken our men! Describe also the drugged victory of unwarlike Dionysos, the winesoaked stream of the delirious river. Tell how women with light bunches of leaves scatter the untiring host of steelclad Indians. And if you have not forgotten your Clymene’s bed, protect Deriades, a sprout of your own stock, who has in him the blood of Astris said to be your daughter. I never obeyed Bromios the womanhearted. I bring as witnesses the Sun, and the boundless Earth, and India’s god, holy Water.

285ἁγνὸν ὕδωρ. σὺ δὲ χαῖρε, καὶ ἵλαος ἔσσο κυδοιμῷ Ἰνδῶν μαρναμένων, καὶ ὀλωλότα θάψον Ὀρόντην.

“And now farewell. Be gracious on the battlefield to the fighting Indians, and bury Orontes dead.”

287ὣς εἰπὼν ξίφος εἷλκε, μέσῃ δʼ ἐνὶ γαστέρι πήξας αὐτοφόνῳ βαρύποτμος ἐπεσκίρτησε σιδήρῳ· καὶ ποταμῷ κεκύλιστο καὶ οὔνομα δῶκεν Ὀρόντῃ.

He spoke, and drew his sword, fixt it against his belly and leapt upon the blade, selfslain, a cruel fate ; then rolled into the river and gave it his name Orontes.

290καί οἱ, ἔτι πνείοντα καὶ ἀσπαίροντα δοκεύων, Βάκχος ἄναξ ἀγόρευε χέων φιλοκέρτομον ἠχώ·

Lord Bacchos looked on him yet breathing and struggling, and addressed him in contemptuous words :

292κεῖσο, νέκυς, ξείνοισιν ἐν ὕδασιν· ὑμέτερον δὲ Δηριάδην θνήσκοντα πατὴρ κρύψειεν Ὑδάσπης. ὑμέας ἀμφοτέρους ἑκυρὸν καὶ γαμβρὸν ὀλέσσω, 295ἀντὶ δορὸς φονίοιο καὶ εὐθήκτοιο μαχαίρης σείων Εὔια θύρσα καὶ ἀμπελόεσσαν ἀκωκήν. ἀλλὰ δαφοινήεντι κατακτείνων σε σιδήρῳ οὐ πίες ἁβρὰ ῥέεθρα μελισταγέος ποταμοῖο· καὶ ποταμός σε κάλυψε, καὶ ἤμβροτες ἡδέος οἴνου. 300ἢν ἐθέλῃς, πίε μοῦνος ὅλον ῥόον· ἀλλὰ ῥεέθρων οὐ χατέεις ποταμοῖο πιὼν Ἀχερούσιον ὕδωρ λοίγιον· ἀνδροφόνῳ δὲ ῥόῳ καὶ χεύματι πικρῷ γαστέρα κυμαίνουσαν ἔχων ἐγκύμονα Μοίρης γεύεο Κωκυτοῖο, καί, ἢν ἐθέλῃς, πίε Λήθην, 305Ἄρεος ὄφρα λάθοιο καὶ αἱμαλέοιο σιδήρου. ἔννεπε κερτομέων διερὸν νέκυν. οἰδαλέος δὲ κύμασιν ἀσταθέεσσιν ἐσύρετο νεκρὸς Ὀρόντης· καὶ ψυχροῖς μελέεσσι διαπλώοντα ῥεέθρῳ ἄπνοον ἠρεύγοντο νέκυν ποταμηίδες ὄχθαι. 310τὸν μὲν ἐταρχύσαντο καὶ ἔστενον αἴλινα Νύμφαι, νύμφαι Ἁμαδρυάδες, χρυσέης παρὰ πυθμένα δάφνης ἀμφὶ ῥοὰς ποταμοῖο, καὶ ἔγραφον ὑψόθι δένδρου· Βάκχον ἀτιμήσας στρατιῆς πρόμος ἐνθάδε κεῖται, αὐτοφόνῳ παλάμῃ δεδαϊγμένος Ἰνδὸς Ὀρόντης.

“Lie there, you corpse, in foreign waters ; and may your father Hydaspes cover dying Deriades. I will destroy you both, goodfather and goodson, shaking my Euian thyrsus with point wreathed in vine, instead of bloodstained spear and wellsharpened sword. But you killed yourself with gory steel, and so you never drank the luxurious water of the honey-distilling river; a river has covered you, but you missed the delicious wine. Drink up the whole river alone, if you like ; but you shall have river-water enough when you drink the fatal water of Acheron. Your belly swells already with the bitter water of a murdering stream, and teems quick with Fate ; but taste of Cocytos, and drink Lethe if you like, that you may forget Ares and the bloody steel.” - But the dead body of Orontes was carried away swollen by the restless waters, until the stream vomited out the floating corpse upon the bank breathless and cold. There the Nymphs gave it burial and sang their dirges, the Hamadryad Nymphs, beside the stem of a golden laurel on the bank of the river stream, and inscribed upon the trunk above—“Here lies Indian Orontes, leader of the host, who insulted Bacchos and slew himself with his own hand.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.