Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 18.87–195: Book 18: The feast of Staphylos and Methe; Dionysos' dream of the lion

A great banquet is held in the palace, and Maron, Methe, Staphylos, Botrys and old Pithos all dance drunk on the new wine. The next morning Dionysos wakes from a dream in which a lion drove him into the sea and mauled the Bacchant women until they bound it and lightning blinded it. He takes the dream as a warning of his coming battle with Lycurgos.

Lines 18.87–195 · 1045 words · click a number to copy its link
87τοῖα γέρων σκηπτοῦχος ἐδείκνυε μάρτυρι Βάκχῳ· καὶ μόγις ἴχνος ἔκαμψεν ἔσω θεοδέγμονος αὐλῆς χειρὸς ἔχων Διόνυσον· ὁ δὲ βραδυπειθέι ταρσῷ 90πλαζομένην ἑλικηδὸν ἑὴν ἐτίταινεν ὀπωπήν· καὶ θεὸς ἀστερόεσσαν ἐθάμβεεν ἤνοπι κόσμῳ ξεινοδόκου βασιλῆος ἰδὼν χρυσήλατον αὐλήν. ἀμφιπόλους δʼ οἴστρησεν ἄναξ καὶ δμῶας ἐπείγων,

Such were the sights which the old monarch displayed to watchful Bacchos. He could hardly manage to move through the hall with his divine guest, holding Dionysos by the hand; the other followed with slow obedient foot, and turned his wandering gaze to each thing in order. The god was amazed at the hospitable king’s hall, embellished with gold and starry with glittering decorations.

94ταύρων ζατρεφέων ἀγέλην καὶ πώεα μήλων 95δαιτρεύειν Σατύροισι βοοκραίρου Διονύσου. καὶ Σταφύλου σπεύδοντος ἔην ταχυεργὸς ἀπειλὴ δμωσὶν ἀμοιβαίοισιν· ἐπερρώοντο δὲ πολλοὶ εἰλαπίνης δρηστῆρες· ἐδαιτρεύοντο δὲ ταῦροι καὶ νομάδων ὀίων λιπαραὶ στίχες. ἦν δὲ χορείη· 100καὶ δόμον εὐφόρμιγγα θυώδεες ἔπνεον αὖραι, εὐόδμου δὲ πόληος ἀνεκνίσσωσαν ἀγυιάς· ἀμφιλαφεῖς δʼ ἐμέθυσσαν ὅλον δόμον ἰκμάδες οἴνου. κύμβαλα δʼ ἐπλατάγησε, παρʼ εὐκελάδῳ δὲ τραπέζῃ Πανιάδες σύριγγες ἐβόμβεον, ἔβρεμον αὐλοὶ 105συμπλεκέες, καὶ κύκλος ἐριγδούποιο βοείης διχθαδίοις πατάγοισιν ἐπεσμαράγησε μελάθρῳ,

The king harried his servants and stirred up his serfs, to slaughter a herd of fine fat bulls and flocks of sheep for the Satyrs of bullhorn Dionysos. Then there was quick work, under the menaces of busy Staphylos with relays of serfs. A crowd of servants were hard at it preparing the banquet, bulls were butchered and processions of fat sheep from the pasture. There was dancing too; fragrant air was wafted through a house full of harping, the streets of the city were filled with sweet steamy odours, ample streams of wine made the whole house carouse. Cymbals clanged, panspipes whiffled about the melodious table, double hoboys were drooning, the round of the loudthrumming drum made the hall ring again with its double bangs, there were castanets rattling over that supper !

107καὶ κτύπος ἦν κροτάλων ἐπιδόρπιος. ἐν δʼ ἄρα μέσσῳ οἰνοβαρὴς τρομεροῖο φέρων ποδὸς ἄστατον ὁρμὴν ἤιεν ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα Μάρων, δεδονημένος οἴστρῳ, 110ὄρθιον ἐκ δαπέδοιο παλίσσυτον ἴχνος ἑλίσσων, χεῖρας ἑὰς διδύμων Σατύρων ὑπὲρ ὦμον ἐρείσας μεσσοφανής· ἑτέρου δὲ ποδὸς κουφίζετο παλμῷ ἀλλοτρίῳ, ξανθωπὸν ἔχων χρόα, μεσσόθι, πέμπων πορφυρέας ἀκτῖνας ὅλῳ στίλβοντι προσώπῳ, 115ἀντίτυπον μίμημα Σεληναίῃσι κεραίαις, λαιῇ μὲν νεόδαρτον ἐθήμονος ἔγκυον οἴνου αὐχενίῳ ζωστῆρι περίπλοκον ἀσκὸν ἀείρων, δεξιτερῇ δὲ κύπελλον· ἐκυκλώσαντο δὲ Βάκχαι γηραλέον σκαίροντα ποδῶν ἑτεραλκέι ταρσῷ, 120οἷα πεσεῖν μέλλοντα τινασσομένοιο καρήνου, οὔ ποτε πεπτηῶτα. μεθυσφαλέες δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀμφίπολοι καὶ δμῶες ἐβακχεύοντο χορείῃ, γευσάμενοι πρώτιστον ἀήθεος ἡδέος οἴνου.

And there in the midst came Maron, heavy with wine, staggering on unsteady feet and moving to and fro as frenzy drove him. He threw his arms over the shoulders of two Satyrs and supported himself between them, then climbed right up from the ground twisting his legs about them. So he was lifted by the dancing feet of others, with red skin, his whole face emitting ruddy rays and shining between them, the very image of the crescent moon. In his left hand he held a newly flayed skin teeming with the inevitable wine and tied at the neck with a cord; in his right a cup. Bacchant women were all round the old creature as he skips on other men’s feet, with lolling head, every moment threatening to fall but never down. Servants and serfs alike were rolling drunk and danced wildly about, after tasting for the first time the delicious wine they never had before.

124καὶ Σταφύλου βασιλῆος ἀριστώδινα γυναῖκα 125Βακχιὰς ἀμπελόεσσα Μέθην ἐμέθυσσεν ἐέρση· ἡ δὲ καρηβαρέουσα πιεῖν πάλιν ᾔτεε Βάκχας, οἰνοδόκον κρητῆρα περισκαίρουσα Λυαίου· καὶ κεφαλὴν ἐλέλιζε μετήλυδα δίζυγι παλμῷ, ὤμῳ ἐπικλίνουσα κόμην ἑτεραλκέι ῥιπῇ 130ἄστατος, ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα παλίντροπος· ἀμφὶ δὲ γαίῃ πυκνὰ πεσεῖν μέλλουσαν ὀλισθηροῖσι πεδίλοις θυιάδα χερσὶ λαβοῦσα Μέθην ὠρθώσατο Βάκχη. καὶ Στάφυλος μεμέθυστο· φιλακρήτῳ δὲ κυπέλλῳ βότρυος οἰνωθέντος ἐφοινίσσοντο παρειαί· 135καὶ πάις ἀρτιγένειος ἅμα Σταφύλῳ γενετῆρι ἀπλεκέας πλοκαμῖδας ἀήθεϊ δήσατο κισσῷ μιτρώσας στεφανηδόν· ἐπʼ ἴχνεσι δʼ ἴχνος ἀμείβων ποσσὶν ὁμοζήλοισιν ἕλιξ ὠρχήσατο Βότρυς, δεξιὸν ἐκ λαιοῖο μετήλυδα ταρσὸν ἑλίσσων· 140καὶ Στάφυλος σκίρτησε ποδῶν βητάρμονι παλμῷ, καμπύλον ἴχνος ἄγων τροχαλῷ κυκλούμενον ὁλκῷ, βότρυος ὀρχηστῆρος ἐπʼ αὐχένι πῆχυν ἐρείσας· καὶ ποτὸν εὐφήμησε χοροπλεκέος Διονύσου ἄστατος, ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα καθειμένα βόστρυχα σείων 145ὤμῳ ἐπαΐσσοντα· Μέθη δʼ ἐχόρευε καὶ αὐτή. πῆχυν ἐπικλίνουσα καὶ υἱέι καὶ παρακοίτῃ. μεσσατίη Σταφύλου καὶ Βότρυος· ἦν δὲ νοῆσαι τερπωλὴν τριέλικτον ὁμοπλέκτοιο χορείης. καὶ Πίθος ὠμογέρων, πολιὴν ἀνέμοισι τινάσσων, 150χεύματος ἡδυπότοιο βεβυσμένος ἄχρις ὀδόντων οἰνοβαρὴς ἐχόρευε, μεθυσφαλὲς ἴχνος ἑλίσσων· καὶ γλυκεραῖς λιβάδεσσιν ἐρευγομένων ἀπὸ λαιμῶν ξανθὴν ἀφριόωσαν ἑὴν λεύκαινεν ὑπήνην.

Methe also, the wife of King Staphylos, mother of a noble son, was made drunken by the winedew of Bacchos. With heavy head she begged the Bacchants for more drink, dancing round the full mixingbowl of Lyaios. She rolled her head moving this way and that way, shook the hair over her shoulders unsteadily, dipping her head first here, then there, on one side and the other again and again, ever on the point of falling on her slippery feet, until a Bacchant’s hands caught the wild creature and held her up. Staphylos too was drunk; the cheeks of drunken Botrys were red from his tippling cup; still a boy with the down on his face, he with Staphylos his father bound his loosened locks with the unfamiliar ivy and wreathed it like a garland. Then interchanging step with step Botrys danced about with ready feet, changing feet right after left ; and Staphylos went skipping in dancing movement, carrying his feet round and round in a running step, with one arm thrown round the neck of dancing Botrys. Staggering he blest the potion of danceweaving Dionysos, and shook his long hair falling over his shoulder from side to side. Methe was dancing too, with an arm round son and husband both, between Staphylos and Botrys. There was a sight to see, the triple-entwined delight of a close-embracing dance! And Pithos, hale old man, shaking his hoary locks in the wind, stuffed to the teeth with the delicious potation, danced heavy with wine, and twirled a drink-tottering foot ; he whitened his yellow beard with foam from the sweet libations that ran out from his throat.

154καὶ πίον εἰς ὅλον ἦμαρ· ἀφυσσομένων δὲ κυπέλλων 155ἑσπερίην χθόνα πᾶσαν ὑπόσκιος ἔσκεπεν ὄρφνη ἀκροκελαινιόωσα, καὶ αἰόλα φέγγεϊ λεπτῷ ἄστρα καταυγάζων ἐμελαίνετο δίχροος ἀήρ, δυομένου Φαέθοντος ὑπὸ σκιοειδέι κώνῳ, βαιὸν ὀπισθοκέλευθον ἔχων ἔτι λείψανον Ἠοῦς· 160καὶ ζόφον ἐχλαίνωσεν ἑῷ χροῒ σιγαλέη νὺξ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντι διαγράψασα χιτῶνι. οἱ δὲ μετὰ κρητῆρα μέθης, μετὰ δεῖπνα τραπέζης βότρυς ὁμοῦ γενετῆρι καὶ οἰνοχύτῳ Διονύσῳ κεκριμένοι στοιχηδὸν ἐυστρώτων ἐπὶ λέκτρων 165ὕπνου δῶρον ἕλοντο καὶ ὡμίλησαν ὀνείροις.

So they drank the whole day long. Cups were still being filled when shadowy darkness grew black at the fringe, and covered all the western lands, when the twilight air darkened and lit up the spangled stars with faint light, when Phaéthon set under the cone of shadow and left on his way behind a small trace yet of the day, when silent Night shrouded the west in her own colour, and scored the sky across with her own starry cloak. Then after the tipsy bowl and after the feast of the table, Botrys together with his father, and Dionysos dispenser of wine, went off in a line, each to his separate wellstrown bed ; they took the boon of sleep, and had traffic with dreams.

166ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ ῥοδέοις ἀμαρύγμασιν ἄγγελος Ἠοῦς ἀκροφαὴς ἐχάραξε λιπόσκιον ὄρθρος ὀμίχλην, εὐχαίτης τότε Βάκχος ἑώιος ἄνθορεν εὐνῆς, ἐλπίδι νικαίῃ δεδονημένος· ἐννύχιος γὰρ 170Ἰνδῴην ἐδάιζε γονὴν κισσώδεϊ θύρσῳ, ὑπναλέης μεθέπων ἀπατήλιον εἰκόνα χάρμης. καὶ κτύπον εἰσαΐων Σατύρων καὶ δοῦπον ἀκόντων φλοῖσβον ὀνειρείης ἀπεσείσατο δηιοτῆτος, ὕπνον ἀποσκεδάσας πολεμήιον· εἶχε δὲ θυμῷ 175μαντιπόλου φόβον αἰνὸν ἀπειλητῆρος ὀνείρου· μιμηλῆς γὰρ ὄπωπε μάχης ἴνδαλμα Λυκούργου ἐσσομένων προκέλευθον, ὅτι θρασὺς ἔνδοθι λόχμης δύσμαχος ἐκ σκοπέλοιο λέων λυσσώδεϊ λαιμῷ Βάκχον ἔτι σκαίροντα καὶ οὐ ψαύοντα σιδήρου 180εἰς φόβον ἐπτοίησε, καὶ ἤλασεν ἄχρι θαλάσσης κρυπτόμενον πελάγεσσι, πεφυζότα θηρὸς ἀπειλήν· καὶ φόβον ἄλλον ὄπωπε, λέων θρασὺς ὅττι γυναῖκας θυρσοφόρους ἐδίωκε, κεχηνότος ἀνθερεῶνος, αἱμάσσων ὀνύχεσσι, χαρασσομένων δὲ γυναικῶν 185μύστιδος ἐκ παλάμης ἐκυλίνδετο θύσθλα κονίῃ, κύμβαλα δʼ ἐν χθονὶ κεῖτο· μεταστρεφθεῖσα δὲ Βάκχη δεσμὰ λεοντείοισιν ἐπεσφήκωσε γενείοις σειρὴν ἀμπελόεσσαν ἐπισφίγξασα καρήνῳ, ἀγχονίῳ δὲ λέοντος ἐπέπλεκεν αὐχένα δεσμῷ· 190θηρὶ δὲ θῆλυς ὅμιλος ἐπέδραμεν ἄλλος ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ, καὶ βλοσυροὺς ἐχάραξε πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ἀκάνθαις· καὶ μόγις εἱλικόεντι περιζωσθέντα κορύμβῳ Ἄρτεμις ἐζώγρησεν· ἀπʼ αἰθερίοιο δὲ κόλπου ἀστεροπὴ πυρόεσσα καταΐξασα προσώπου 195θῆρα παλινδίνητον ἐθήκατο τυφλὸν ὁδίτην.

But when the morning twilight, shining messenger of Dawn, cut through the edge of fading mist with rosy sparkles, then long-haired Bacchos leapt up early from his bed, shaken by the hope of victory. For in the night he had destroyed the Indian race with his ivytwined thyrsus, busy in the illusive image of a dream-battle. The noise of Satyrs and the rattle of javelins falling on his ears, shook off the din of his dreamland warfare and scattered that warlike sleep. But dreadful fear was in his heart that the dream foreboded some threatening danger. For in this unreal spectacle he had seen an image of his battle with Lycurgos, prophetic of things to come. In a forest, a bold formidable lion leapt from a rock with deathly jaws upon Bacchos, while he was dancing and still without weapons, and scared him to flight, driving him down to the sea where he hid under water, fleeing from the dangerous beast. He saw another terror besides—how the bold lion chased the thyrsus-bearing women with gaping throat and gored them with his claws ; as the women were torn, their gear fell from their mystic hands and rolled in the dust, their cymbals lay on the ground. Then a Bacchant turned, and muzzled the lion’s jaws by tying a string of vineleaves over his head, and wreathed his neck lightly in a noose. Then crowds of women ran up to the beast one upon another, and scratched with brambles the ugly pads and paws. At last Artemis saved him alive with difficulty, entangled in the clustering meshes ; and from the bosom of the sky a flash of lightning shot into the beast’s face, and made him a blind vagabond of the roads.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.