Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 16.71–227: Book 16: Dionysos woos Nicaia and is refused

Dionysos sees Nicaia's colours in the flowers of a meadow and offers to carry her hunting gear, spread her bed with fawnskins under a vine, and give her dogs, handmaids and the Graces as servants. Nicaia answers that he must first win Athena or Artemis, her comrades, and threatens to chain him as the sons of Iphimedeia chained Ares. Left behind, Dionysos talks to the hound Pan gave him and promises to make it a star near Seirios if it will track the girl.

Lines 16.71–227 · 1566 words · click a number to copy its link
71τοῖον ἐρωμανέων ἔπος ἴαχε θυιάδι φωνῇ. καί ποτε κηώεντος ἔσω λειμῶνος ὁδεύων ἄνθεα πάντα δόκευε τεθηλότα σύγχροα κούρης, καί τινα μῦθον ἔειπεν ἐς ἠερόεντας ἀήτας· 75ἄρτι μόγις, Νίκαια, τεὴν ἴδον ἐνθάδε μορφήν· μὴ σέο κάλλος ἄμειψας ἐς ἄνθεα; καλλιφυῆ γὰρ παπταίνων ῥοδεῶνα τεὰς ἐνόησα παρειάς· ἀλλὰ τεὸν θαλέει ῥόδον ἔμπεδον· ἀμφιέπεις γὰρ ἔμφυτον οὐ λήγουσαν ἐρευθομένην ἀνεμώνην· 80εἰς κρίνον ὄμμα φέρων χιονώδεας εἶδον ἀγοστούς, ἀθρήσας δʼ ὑάκινθον ἴδον κυανόχροα χαίτην. δέξό με θηρεύοντα συνέμπορον· ἢν δʼ ἐθελήσῃς, αὐτὸς ἐγὼ σταλίκων γλυκερὸν βάρος, αὐτὸς ἀείρω ἐνδρομίδας καὶ τόξα καὶ ἱμερόεντας ὀιστούς, 85αὐτὸς ἐγώ· Σατύρων οὐ δεύομαι· οὐ παρὰ λόχμῃ δίκτυα Κυρήνης ἀνεκούφισεν αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων; τίς φθόνος, εἰ μεθέπω καὶ ἐγὼ λίνον; οὐ μογέω δὲ αὐτὸς ἐμοῖς ὤμοισιν ἐμὴν Νίκαιαν ἀείρων. οὐ μὲν ἐγὼ γενετῆρος ὑπέρτερος· ἐν ῥοθίοις γὰρ 90Εὐρώπην ἀδίαντον ἐκούφισε ποντοπόρος βοῦς.

Such were the words he rang out in love’s madness with passionate voice. And one day, making his way into a fragrant meadow, he observed all the flowers blooming with the colours of the girl, and cried out thus to the airy breezes : your form! Have you lent your beauty to the flowers? For as I gaze on the fairgrowing rosebed, I recognize your cheeks: but your rose blooms always, for you hold implanted in you the blushing anemone also, that ceases not. When turn my eye to the lily, I see your snowy arms, when I behold the iris, I see the rich dark colour of your hair. Receive me as comrade in your hunting: and if you wish, I will shoulder myself the sweet burden of your stakes, myself your ankleboots and bow and arrows of Desire, myself I will do it—I need no Satyrs ; did What harm, if I also manage the meshes? I do not think it hard to lift my Nicaia on my own shoulders. I do not set up to be better than my father; for he bore up Europa in the floods unwetted, a seafaring bull.

91παρθενικὴ ῥοδόεσσα, τί σοι τόσον εὔαδεν ὕλη; σῶν ἐρατῶν μελέων περιφείδεο, μηδʼ ἐπὶ πέτραις ἀστορέες σέο νῶτα κατατρίψωσι χαμεῦναι. ἔσσομαι, ἢν ἐθέλῃς, θαλαμηπόλος· ἐν δὲ μελάθρῳ 95αὐτὸς ἐγὼ στορέσω σέο δέμνια, τοῖσι πετάσσω δέρματα πορδαλίων πολυδαίδαλα, τοῖς ἅμα βάλλω φρικτὰ λεοντείης πυκινότριχα νῶτα καλύπτρης γυμνώσας ἐμὰ γυῖα· σὺ δὲ γλυκὺν ὕπνον ἰαύεις νεβρίσι δαιδαλέῃσι καλυπτομένη Διονύσου· 100Μυγδονίης δʼ ἐλάφου σκέπας ἅρμενον ὑψόθι βάλλω

“Rosy maiden, why do you like the forest so much? Spare your lovely limbs, nor let the rough unstrown pallet upon the rocks chafe your back. If you wish, I will be the attendant of your chamber in the house ; I will lay your bed, I will spread on it the many-speckled skins of pards, over which I throw the bristly thick-haired fell of a lion to cover it, stripping it from my own limbs: you shall enjoy sweet sleep covered with the dappled fawnskins of Dionysos. Above you will throw a tent of the same sort, made of the skins of Mygdonian deer, stript from the Satyrs.

101γυμνώσας Σατύρους. σκυλάκων δέ σοι εἰ χρέος εἴη, σοὶ κύνας εἰν ἑνὶ πάντας ἐμοῦ τάχα Πανὸς ὀπάσσω, ἄξομαι ἐκ Σπάρτης ἑτέρους κύνας, οὓς ἀτιτάλλει ἠιθέων ἐς ἔρωτας ἐμὸς Κάρνειος Ἀπόλλων, 105καὶ κύνας ἀγρευτῆρας Ἀρισταίοιο καλέσσω· καὶ λίνα σὺν σταλίκεσσι καὶ ἅρμενα δῶρα κομίσσω ἐνδρομίδας Νομίοιο καὶ Ἀγρέος, ὃς πάρος ἔγνω καὶ νομὸν εὐλείμωνα καὶ εὐκαμάτου δρόμον ἄγρης.

“If you should want dogs, I will straight offer you the whole pack of my friend Pan together ; I will bring you other hounds from Sparta, which my friend Carnean? Apollo keeps for the love of his gallant lads, and I will summon the hunting-dogs of Aristaios ; string and stakes I will fetch you, and those most suitable gifts, the ankleboots of the Grazer and Hunter, who long ago knew both grazing on fine meadows and the happy work of the coursing hunt.

109εἰ δὲ θερειγενέος τρομέεις φλόγα διψάδος ὥρης, 110ἡμερίδων ὄρπηκας ὑπὲρ λέκτροιο φυτεύσω, καί σε περιπνεύσωσι μέθης εὐώδεες αὖραι κεκλιμένην κατὰ μέσσα πολυσταφύλοιο καλύπτρης. παρθενικὴ περίφοιτε, ποθοβλήτοιο προσώπου βαλλομένας Φαέθοντι τεὰς ἐλέαιρε παρειάς, 115μὴ σέλας Ἠελίου μελέων ἀκτῖνα μαραίνῃ, μὴ πλοκάμους μυρόεντας ἀμαλδύνωσιν ἀῆται· εὗδε ῥόδων ἀνὰ μέσσα καὶ ἐν πετάλοις ὑακίνθου, γείτονι σεῖο κάρηνον ἐρεισαμένη Διονύσῳ, ἀθανάτοις πισύρεσσιν ὅπως ἕνα κῶμον ἀνάψῃς, 120Φοίβῳ καὶ Ζεφύρῳ καὶ Κύπριδι καὶ Διονύσῳ.

“And if you fear the blaze of the thirsty season of harvest, I will plant over your bed shoots of the gardenvine, and the sweet breath of the intoxicating scent shall be wafted over you, lying under the grape-clustered covering. Gadabout maiden, pity the cheeks of your own loveshot countenance beaten by the sun, lest the glare of Helios dim the radiance of your limbs, lest the breeze tumble your anointed curls ; sleep among the roses and on iris-petals, rest your head on Dionysos your neighbour, to kindle one revel for immortals four, Phoibos and Zephyros and Cypris and Dionysos.

121ληιδίην δʼ ὀπάσαιμι γονὴν μελανόχροον Ἰνδῶν παστάδος ὑμετέρης θαλαμηπόλον· ἀλλὰ τί φύτλην κυανέην ὀνόμηνα τεῆς νυμφοστόλον εὐνῆς; νυκτὶ μελαγχλαίνῳ πότε μίσγεται ἀργέτις Ἠώς; 125Ἀστακὶς ὁπλοτέρη πέλες Ἄρτεμις· ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς δμωίδας ἑξήκοντα χορίτιδας εἰς σὲ κομίσσω, ὄφρα χορὸν νήριθμον ὀπάονα σεῖο τελέσσω, ἀμφιπόλοις ἰσόμετρον ὀρειάδος ἰοχεαίρης, εἴκελον Ὠκεανοῖο θυγατράσι, μή σοι ἐρίζῃ 130Ἄρτεμις ἀγρώσσουσα, καὶ εἰ πέλε δεσπότις ἄγρης. σοὶ Χάριτας ζαθέοιο χαρίζομαι Ὀρχομενοῖο ἀμφιπόλους, ἐμὰ τέκνα μεταστήσας Ἀφροδίτης. ἀλλὰ πόθῳ φρένα θέλξον ἀθελγέα, καί σε δεχέσθω θηροσύνης μετὰ μόχθον ἐμὸν λέχος, ὄφρα φανείης 135Ἄρτεμις ἐν σκοπέλοισι καὶ ἐν θαλάμοις Ἀφροδίτη. τίς φθόνος, ἀγρώσσειν σε σὺν ἀγρώσσοντι Λυαίῳ; εἰ δὲ μόθου λάχες οἶστρον, ἅτε κλυτότοξος Ἀμαζών

“Let me offer my spoil, the blackskin brood of India, to attend upon your bower. But why did I name the swarthy tribe to array your bridal bed ? Does white Eos ever mingle with black-stoled night ? You the Astacid are surely a younger Artemis ; but more, I will fetch you myself sixty dancing handmaids, to complete the unnumbered dance that attends you, as many as the servants of the mountain Archeress, as many as the daughters of Oceanos ; then Artemis hunting will not rival you, even if she be the mistress of the hunt. I will present you with the Graces of divine Orchomenos for servants, my daughters, whom I will take from Aphrodite.

138ἵξεαι Ἰνδῴην ἐπὶ φύλοπιν, ὅφρά κεν εἴης πειθὼ νόσφι μόθοιο καί, ὁππότε δῆρις, Ἀθήνη. 140δέξο καί ἢν ἐθέλῃς, ἐλαφηβόλα θύρσα Λυαίου, νεβροφόνος δὲ γένοιο· καὶ ὑμετέρων ἀπὸ χειρῶν ὑμετέροις τε πόνοισιν ἐμὴν κόσμησον ἀπήνην πόρδαλιν ἠὲ λέοντας ὑποζεύξασα χαλινῷ.

“Nay, charm your uncharmed heart with desire, and let my bed receive you after the labours of hunting the beasts, that you may appear Artemis among the rocks and Aphrodite in the bed-chamber. What harm that you should hunt along with hunting Lyaios ? But if you have the itch for struggle, like the bowfamed Amazon, you shall come to the Indian warfare, to be Athena in the battle, and Peitho when fighting is done. Receive also, if it please you, the thyrsus of Lyaios to bring down your game, and become a slayer of fawns ; and with your own hands, by your own efforts, adorn my car, by yoking pards or lions under the bridle.”

144ὣς εἰπὼν ἐδίωκεν ὀρειάδα γείτονα κούρην, 145τοῖον ἔπος βοόων· μένε, παρθένε, Βάκχον ἀκοίτην. ἡ δὲ χολωομένη βριαρὴν ἀνενείκατο φωνὴν παρθενική, στόμα λάβρον ἐπαιθύσσουσα Λυαίῳ·

So speaking, he pursued the mountain girl his neighbour, crying aloud as he came near: Wait, maiden, for Bacchos your bedfellow!” But the maiden was angry and lifted up a strong voice, speeding wild words at Lyaios :

148ταῦτα μολὼν ἀγόρευε φιλοστόργῳ τινὶ νύμφῃ. εἰ δύνασαι γλαυκῶπιν ἢ Ἄρτεμιν εἰς γάμον ἕλκειν, 150καὶ βριαρὴν Νίκαιαν ἔχεις πειθήμονα νύμφην· εἰμὶ γὰρ ἀμφοτέρῃσιν ὁμόστολος. εἰ δέ σε φεύγει ἀπροϊδὴς ὑμέναιος ἀπειρώδινος Ἀθήνης, καὶ νόον οὐ θέλξειας ἀπειθέος ἰοχεαίρης. δέμνια Νικαίης μὴ δίζεο· μηδέ σε λεύσσω 155ἁπτόμενον τόξοιο καὶ ἀμφαφόωντα φαρέτρην. μὴ μετὰ βουκόλον Ὕμνον ὀλωλότα καὶ σὲ δαμάσσω. οὐτήσω Διόνυσον ἀνούτατον· εἰ δὲ σιδήρῳ γυῖα φέρεις ἀχάρακτα καὶ οὐκ εἴκοντα βελέμνῳ. υἱέας ὑψιλόφους μιμήσομαι Ἰφιμεδείης, 160καί σε σιδηρείῃσιν ἀλυκτοπέδῃσι πεδήσω σεῖο κασιγνήτῳ πανομοίιον, ἐνδόμυχον δὲ χαλκείοις κεράμοισι μετʼ Ἄρεα καὶ σὲ φυλάξω, ἄχρις ἀναπλήσας δυοκαίδεκα κύκλα Σελήνης ἠερίοις ἐμὸν οἶστρον ἀπορρίψειας ἀήταις. 165χερσὶ γυναιμανέεσσιν ἐμῆς μὴ ψαῦε φαρέτρης· τόξον ἔχω, σὺ δὲ θύρσον· ἐν Ἀστακίῃ μὲν ἐρίπνῃ εἰς σύας ἠὲ λέοντας ἐμὸν βέλος ἐνθάδε πέμπω Ἀρτέμιδος συνάεθλος, ὑπὲρ Λιβάνοιο δὲ πέτρης νεβροὺς καὶ σὺ δίωκε συναγρώσσων Ἀφροδίτῃ. 170οὐ δέχομαι σέο λέκτρα, καὶ εἰ Διὸς αἷμα κομίζεις· εἰ δὲ θεὸν μενέαινον ἔχειν πόσιν, οὐκ ἂν ἀκοίτην ἁβροκόμην ἀσίδηρον ἀνάλκιδα θήλεϊ μορφῇ εἶχον ἐγὼ Διόνυσον, ἐμῷ δʼ ἐφυλάσσετο παστῷ νυμφίος ἢ κλυτότοξος ἄναξ ἢ χάλκεος Ἄρης, 175ὃς μὲν τόξον ἔχων, ὁ δὲ φάσγανον ἕδνον Ἐρώτων· ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ οὐ μακάρων τινὰ δέξομαι, οὐδὲ καὶ αὐτὸν πενθερὸν οἶστρος ἔχει με τεὸν Κρονίωνα καλέσσαι. ἄλλην δίζεο, Βάκχε, νέην πειθήμονα νύμφην. τί σπεύδεις; ἀκίχητον ἔχεις δρόμον, ὥς ποτε Δάφνην 180Λητοΐδης ἐδίωκε καὶ ὣς Ἥφαιστος Ἀθήνην· τί σπεύδεις; δρόμος οὗτος ἐτώσιος· ἐν σκοπέλοις γὰρ ἐνδρομίδες πολὺ μᾶλλον ἀρείονές εἰσι κοθόρνων.

“Be off! make that speech to some girl who likes lovemaking! If you can draw into marriage the gray-eyed goddess, or Artemis, you shall have hard Nicaia a willing bride ; for I am a comrade of both. But if you miss wedlock with Athena,—none ever heard of such a thing, no birth-pangs for her— if you could not charm the wits of the inflexible Archeress, seek not Nicaia’s bed. Let me not see you touching my bow, and handling my quiver, or I may bring you also down to follow Hymnos the shepherd. I will wound Dionysos the unwounded ! If steel will not cut your limbs, if the lance will not pierce them, I will do as the highcrested sons of Iphimedeia ; I will bind you with galling iron chains, wholly like your brother, and will keep you too like Ares hidden in a brazen pot, until you fulfil twelve circuits of Selene, and throw away your passion for me to the winds of the air. Touch not my quiver with womanlickerish hands: I keep the bow, you the thyrsus. On the Astacian crags I send my shot here against boars or lions, and share the toils of Artemis ; over the rocks of Libanos go yourself and pursue the fawns, on the hunt with Aphrodite. I refuse your bed, even if you have the blood of Zeus in you. If I had a mind to a god for my lord, I would not have Dionysos for bedfellow, softhaired, weaponless, spiritless, shaped like a woman ; the bridegroom kept for my bower would be my Lord Strongbow or brazen Ares, the one with his bow, the other with sword as a love-gift. But since I will not accept one of the Blessed, since I have no itch to call even your Cronion goodfather, seek another, Bacchos, some new bride not unwilling. Why all this haste ? This race is not for you to win ; so Latoides once pursued Daphne, so Hephaistos Athena. Why this haste this race is vain; for among the rocks, buskins are far better than slippers.”’

183ὣς φαμένη λίπε Βάκχον. ἀεὶ δʼ ὑπὸ φορβάδα λόχμην παρθενικὴν μάστευεν ὀρίπλανον· ἐσσυμένῳ δὲ 185σύνδρομος ὡμάρτησε κύων πινυτόφρονι θυμῷ τόν ποτε θηρεύοντι φιλοσκοπέλῳ Διονύσῳ ὤπασε δῶρον ἔχειν σκυλακοτρόφος ὑψίκερως Πάν. καί μιν ἅτε φρονέοντα καὶ αὐδήεντα δοκεύων σύννομον ἰσοκέλευθον ἑῶν ξυνήονα μόχθων, 190Βάκχος ἐρωμανέων φιλίῳ προσπτύξατο μύθῳ·

She finished, and left Bacchos behind. But he ever searched for the mountainranging maid through the nourishing woods ; and coursing beside him in that rapid chase went the dog with sagacious mind, the dog which highhorned Pan, breeder of hounds, offered as a gift to Dionysos, once on a time when he was hunting in the highlands which he loved. To him, the comrade of his ways and his labours, Bacchos lovemaddened spoke gently with kind words, as if he thought the creature had sense and voice :

191τίπτε, κύων περίφοιτος, ὁμόδρομός ἐσσι Λυαίῳ Πανὸς ἀεὶ ποθέοντος ἐπάξιε; τίπτε σὺ μοῦνος παρθένον ἰχνεύοντι συνιχνεύεις Διονύσῳ; ἦ ῥά σε σὸς ταμίης οἰκτίρμονα θῆκεν ἐρώτων; 195παρθένον ἡμετέρην ἔτι δίζεο, μηδʼ ἐνὶ πέτραις Βάκχον ἀλητεύοντα κατʼ οὔρεα μοῦνον ἐάσῃς. μοῦνος ἐποικτείρεις με, καὶ ὡς βροτὸς εἰς ῥάχιν ὕλης πλαζομένης λοφόεντα μετέρχεαι ἔνδια κούρης. κάμνε τεῷ βασιλῆι· χάριν δέ σοι εἵνεκα μόχθων 200δώσω ἀμοιβαίην· μετὰ Σείριον ἀστέρα Μαίρης αἰθέρος ἔνδον ἄγω σε καὶ ἀστερόεντα τελέσσω ἄγχι Κυνὸς προτέρου, σταφυλὴν ἵνα καὶ σὺ πεπαίνῃς βότρυος Εἰλείθυιαν ἀκοντίζων σέθεν αἴγλην. τίς φθόνος ἀντέλλειν τρίτατον Κύνα; καὶ σὺ φαείνεις 205σύνδρομος ἀστερόεντος ἐπειγομένοιο Λαγωοῦ. εἰ θέμις, οἰκτείρων μὲ σαόφρονι μέμφεο κούρη. δόχμιον ὄμμα φέρων Κυβεληίδος εἰς ῥάχιν ὕλης, ὅττί με μαστεύοντα γυνὴ θεὸν εἰσέτι φεύγει· μέμφεο δʼ ἀμφοτέροισιν, Ἀδώνιδι καὶ Κυθερείῃ, 210φοιταλέην δὲ δίωκε διʼ οὔρεος ἄστατον Ἠχώ, μὴ τελέσῃ φυγόδεμνον ἐμὴν πλέον εἰσέτι νύμφην· μηδὲ λίπῃς σέο Πᾶνα δυσίμερον ἐγγύθι κούρης, μή μιν ἑλὼν ζεύξειεν ἀναγκαίοις ὑμεναίοις. παρθένον αἴ κεν ἴδῃς, ταχὺς ἔρχεο, μάρτυρι σιγῇ 215ἢ νοεραῖς ὑλακῇσιν ἀπαγγέλλων Διονύσῳ· ἄγγελος ἔσσο πόθοιο· κύων δέ τις ἄλλος ἀλάσθω ἢ σύας ἠὲ λέοντας ἀπὸ σκοπέλοιο διώκων. Πὰν φίλε, κικλήσκω σε μακάρτατον, ὅττι καὶ αὐτοὶ σεῖο κύνες γεγάασιν ἐρευνητῆρες Ἐρώτων. 220ἀνδρομέην, πολύμορφε Τύχη, παίζουσα γενέθλην ἵλαθι, πανδαμάτειρα· μετὰ βροτέην τάχα φύτλην καὶ σκυλάκων κρατέεις, ὅτι δύσμορος οὗτος ἀλήτης θητεύει μετὰ Πᾶνα καὶ ἱμείροντι Λυαίῳ· παρθενικῇ μέμψασθε, φίλαι δρύες· εἴπατε, πέτραι· 225καὶ κύνες οἰκτείρουσι, καὶ οὐκ ἐλέαιρεν Ἀμαζών. εἰσὶ καὶ ἐν σκυλάκεσσιν ἐχέφρονες, οἷσι Κρονίων ἀνδρομέην φρένα δῶκε καὶ οὐ βροτέην πόρε φωνήν.

“Why do you run with Lyaios, wandering hound, when Pan always misses you, and you are worthy of Pan? Why do you alone track the maiden song with tracking Dionysos? Did your trainer teach you to pity love? Still seek our maiden, and let not Bacchos go wandering alone over the mountains, among the rocks. You alone pity me, and like one human, you follow in the hilly spaces on the ridge where the girl wanders. Work hard for your king! I will repay you well for your labours: I will take you into the upper air, and make you a star like Seirios, the star of Maira, near the earlier Dog, that you also may ripen the clusters, shooting your light to be the grape’s Eileithyia.’ What harm that a third Dog should arise ? You also show your light, running a course with the starry Hare as he scampers on. If it is lawful, cast your eyes aside to the ridge of Cybele’s forest, and in pity for me reproach the modesthearted girl, that she still flies from my pursuit, a woman from a god! Reproach both Adonis and Cythereia, and pursue Echo, flitting inconstant over the mountains, that she may not make my nymph yet more a hater of wedlock; do not leave your rough wooer Pan near the girl, or he may catch her and yoke her under an enforced bridal. If you should see the maiden, quickly come, and with knowing silence or meaning barks give the news to Dionysos; you be love’s messenger, and let another dog travel in pursuit of boars or lions from the rocks. Friend Pan, I call you most blessed, because even your dogs have become trackers of the loves. And you, Luck, how many shapes you take, how you make playthings of the children of men! Be gracious, all-subduer! First the human race, and now perhaps you possess the canine race also, when this ill-fated wanderer is a servant for Dionysos in love next after Pan. Reproach the maiden, dear trees, and say, ye rocks, ‘Even the dogs have compassion, and there is no pity in the Amazon!’ So there are dogs too with sense, to whom Cronion has given the thoughts of a man, and yet not a human voice.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca 16.71–227: Dionysos woos Nicaia and is refused