Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 15.0–118: Book 15: The Indians drink the river and fall asleep

The Indians crowd round the river and drink the wine, and drunkenness leads them to mistake trees and beasts for their enemies. Some dance, pipe or attack the Bacchants. Sleep at last overtakes them, and they lie in drunken heaps along the bank.

Lines 15.0–118 · 1063 words · click a number to copy its link
0πέμπτῳ καὶ δεκάτῳ βριαρὴν Νίκαιαν ἀείδω, θηροφόνον ῥοδόπηχυν ἀπειλήτειραν Ἐρώτων.

In the fifteenth, I sing the sturdy Nicaia, the rosy-armed beast-slayer defying Love.

1ὣς φαμένου νεφεληδὸν ἐπέρρεον αἴθοπες Ἰνδοὶ ἀμφὶ ῥόον ποταμοῖο μελίπνοον· ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν ἀγχιβάτης στατὸν ἴχνος ἐπʼ ἰλύι δισσὸν ἐρείσας ἡμιφανὴς ἕστηκε, καὶ ὀμφαλὸν ὕδατι δεύων, 5κυρτὸς ἔσω ποταμοῖο κεκυφότα νῶτα τιταίνων, χερσὶ βαθυνομένῃσι μελισταγὲς ἤφυσεν ὕδωρ· ὃς δὲ παρὰ προχοῇσι, κατάσχετος αἴθοπι δίψῃ, πορφυρέῳ προβλῆτα γενειάδα κύματι βάπτων, στῆθος ἐφαπλώσας ποταμηίδος ὑψόθεν ὄχθης, 10οἰγομένοις στομάτεσσιν ἀνείρυσεν ἰκμάδα Βάκχου· πρηνὴς δʼ ἄλλος ἔην πελάσας στόμα γείτονι πηγῇ, καὶ διερὰς δαπέδῳ ψαμαθώδεϊ χεῖρας ἐρείσας χείλεσι διψαλέοισιν ἐδέχνυτο δίψιον ὕδωρ· ἄλλοι δʼ ὀστρακόεντι μέθην ἀρύοντο κυπέλλῳ, 15πυθμένα κουφίζοντες ἐαγότος ἀμφιφορῆος· καὶ πολὺς ἑσμὸς ἔπινεν ἐρευθιόωντι ῥεέθρῳ κισσυβίῳ προχέων ποταμηίδος ὄγκον ἐέρσης, μηλονόμων ἄγραυλον ἔχων δέπας. ἀντιβίων δὲ οἶνον ἐρευγομένων πολυχανδέος ἀνθερεῶνος 20ὄμμασι δερκομένοισιν ἐδιπλώθησαν ἐρίπναι, καὶ βλεφάροις δοκέεσκον ἰδεῖν διδυμόζυγον ὕδωρ. καὶ προχοὴ κελάρυζε φιλακρήτου ποταμοῖο ξανθὸν ἀναβλύζουσα μέθης ῥόον· ἡδυπότου δὲ οἰνάδος ἠρεύγοντο ῥοὰς εὐώδεες ὄχθαι.

As he spoke thus, cloud-wise rolled up the burnt-faced Indians around the flood of the honey-breathing river. One of them walking near stood pressing his two feet down in the slime, half-showing, and wetting his navel in the water, curved into the river and stretching his crouched back, and with hollowed hands lapped up the honeydripping water. Another by the flood, possessed by fiery thirst, bathing in the purple wave his fore-thrust cheek, spreading his breast above the bank of the river, with opening mouth drew in the juice of Bacchos. Another prone bringing close his mouth to the neighbouring fount, and pressing wet hands on the sandy bottom, with thirsting lips welcomed the thirsty water. Others drew up the potations with a shard for a cup, lifting the base of a broken two-ear jar. And a great swarm drank at the ruddy stream, ladling out with ivy-wood cups a mass of the river-dew, as they held the rustic pot of the shepherds. And as the enemies belched vinously from wide-yawning throat, as their eyes gazed, the cliffs were doubled, and they thought to see through their eyelids a pair of waters in one yoke. And the bubbling outflow of the wineloving river gushed up a brown stream of carousal ; and the fragrant banks poured up streams of the sweet drink of wine.

25δυσμενέας δʼ ἐμέθυσσε χάλις ῥόος. ἔνθά τις ἀνὴρ Ἰνδὸς ἀμερσινόοιο μέθης δεδονημένος οἴστρῳ εἰς ἀγέλην ἤιξε, καὶ εὐπετάλῳ παρὰ λόχμῃ ταῦρον ἀπειλητῆρα μετήγαγε δέσμιον ἕλκων, διχθαδίων κεράων κεχαραγμένον ἄκρον ἐρύσσας 30τολμηραῖς παλάμαις, διδυμάονος οἷα κεραίης ταυροφυῆ Διόνυσον ὑπὸ ζυγὰ δούλια σύρων· ἄλλος ἔχων δασπλῆτα σιδηρείης γένυν ἅρπης αἰγὸς ὀρεσσινόμοιο διέθρισεν ἀνθερεῶνα, θηγαλέῳ δρεπάνῳ δεδαϊγμένον, οἷά τε δειρὴν 35Πανὸς ἐυκραίροιο ταμὼν γαμψώνυχι χαλκῷ· ἄλλος ἀπηλοίησε βοῶν κεραελκέα φύτλην, οἷά περ ἀμώων Σατύρων ταυρώπιδα μορφήν, ὃς δὲ τανυκραίρων ἐλάφων ἐδίωκε γενέθλην στικτῆς εἰσορόων πολυδαίδαλον εἶδος ὀπωπῆς, 40οἷά τε Βασσαρίδων ὀλέκων στίχα· δαιδαλέαις γὰρ νεβρίσιν ἰσοτύποισι παρεπλάγχθησαν ὀπωπαί· καὶ φονίαις λιβάδεσσιν ὅλον θώρηκα μιαίνων Ἰνδὸς ἀκοντιστῆρι μέλας ἐρυθαίνετο λύθρῳ. καί τις ὁμοκλήσας ἐκορύσσετο γείτονι δένδρῳ 45μαστίζων ἑκάτερθε, καὶ εἰαρινοῖσι δοκεύων σειομένην ἀνέμοισι φυτῶν ἑλικώδεα χαίτην ἁβροκόμων ὄρπηκας ἀπηλοίησε κορύμβων, φύλλα διασχίζων λασίης δρυός, οἷα μαχαίρῃ πλοχμὸν ἀκερσικόμοιο διατμήγων Διονύσου, 50μαρνάμενος πετάλοισι καὶ οὐ Σατύροισιν ἐρίζων, τερπωλὴν ἀνόνητον ἔχων σκιοειδέι νίκῃ. μαίνετο δʼ ἀντιβίων ἕτερος χορός· ἀντὶ δὲ λόγχης ὃς μὲν ἑλὼν βαρύδουπον ἐπωμαδίῳ τελαμῶνι τύμπανον ἠέρταζε, καὶ ἀμφιπλῆγι βοείῃ 55δίζυγον ἐσμαράγησε μέλος χαλκόκροτον ἠχώ· ὃς δὲ πολυτρήτοιο βοῇ δεδονημένος αὐλοῦ ἄστατος εἱλικόεντι ποδῶν βακχεύετο παλμῷ· καί τις ἀπειρήτοις ἐπὶ χείλεσι λωτὸν ἐρείσας δίθροον ἁρμονίην ἐμελίζετο Μυγδόνος αὐλοῦ· 60γηραλέου δὲ φυτοῖο θορὼν παρὰ γείτονι ῥίζῃ γλαυκὸν ἐυρραθάμιγγος ἀνείρυσε θαλλὸν ἐλαίης ὄμβρῳ ἐερσήεντι διάβροχον, οἷα πιέζων οἰνωπῇ ῥαθάμιγγι Μαρωνίδος ἄκρον ὑπήνης. ἄλλοι σὺν ξιφέεσσι, σὺν ἔγχεσι, σὺν τρυφαλείαις 65ἄσχετα βακχευθέντες ἀμερσινόῳ φρένας οἴνῳ ὄργια μιμήσαντο φερεσσακέων Κορυβάντων, ἴχνια δινεύοντες ἐνόπλιον ἀμφὶ χορείην· καὶ παλάμης ἑλικηδὸν ἀμοιβαίῃσιν ἐρωαῖς ἀσπίδες ἐκρούοντο κυβιστητῆρι σιδήρῳ· 70ἄλλος ὀπιπεύων θιασώδεος ὄργια Μούσης μιμηλὴν Σατύροισι συνεσκίρτησε χορείην· καί τις ἀρασσομένης ἀίων κελάδημα βοείης μείλιχον ἦθος ἔδεκτο, φιλοσμαράγῳ δὲ μενοινῇ ῥιγεδανὴν ἀνέμοισιν ἑὴν ἔρριψε φαρέτρην, 75λύσσαν ἔχων· ἕτερος δὲ γυναιμανέων πρόμος Ἰνδῶν ἀπλεκέος πλοκαμῖδος ἑλὼν ὑψαύχενα Βάκχην, παρθενικὴν ἀδάμαστον ἀτάσθαλον εἰς γάμον ἕλκων, σφίγξεν ὑπὲρ δαπέδοιο, τανυσσάμενος δὲ κονίῃ χερσὶν ἐρωμανέεσσιν ἀπεσφρηγίσσατο μίτρην, 80ἐλπίδι μαψιδίῃ πεφορημένος· ἐξαπίνης γὰρ ὄρθιος εἷρπε δράκων ὑποκόλπιος ἰξύι γείτων, δυσμενέος δʼ ἤιξε κατʼ αὐχένος, ἀμφὶ δὲ δειρῇ οὐραίαις ἑλίκεσσιν ἀνέπλεκε κυκλάδα μίτρην· ταρβαλέοις δὲ πόδεσσι φυγὼν μελανόχροος ἀνὴρ 85θερμὸν ἀνυμφεύτων ἀπεσείσατο κέντρον Ἐρώτων, αὐχένιον φορέων ὀφιώδεος ὁρμὸν ἀκάνθης.

Thus the enemy were made drunken by the untempered stream. Then a certain man of the Indians, driven by the gadfly of mind-robbing drink, dashed into the herd; and by a leafy thicket found a threatening bull, which he brought back pulling him along in bonds, when he had dragged at the sharpened end of the two horns with daring hands, thinking that he drew under the yoke of servitude bullshaped Dionysos by the twin horns. Another, holding the horrid jaw of an iron sickle, shore through the neck of mountainranging goat, cleaving it with the whetted hook, thinking he was cutting the throat of horned Pan with his talon of crooked bronze. Another threshed out a horn-armed brood of cattle if harvesting the bullfaced shape of satyrs ; one again pursued a tribe of long-antlered deer, as if he were destroying a line of Bassarids, when he saw the patterned shape of the dappled creatures : for his sight was driven astray by the freckled fawnskins of like looks : and staining all his breast-piece with bloody drops, the black Indian was reddened by the spouting gore. And one shouting loudly attacked a neighbouring tree, flogging it on both sides ; and observing the leafy tendrils shaken by the spring breezes, he battered off the shoots of the tender clusters, slicing through the leaves of the thickest tree, as if cutting with his sabre through the tresses of unborn Dionysos, battling with foliage instead of combating with Satyrs, and took a bootless delight in his shadowy conquest. […] his shoulder-strap : then beating on both skins he crashed out a double tune in the brass-rattling sound. Another, thrilled by the note of the many-holed pipes, danced about with quick-circling steps, and putting a reed to his inexperienced lips practised the tune of the double Mygdonian pipes : then leaping to the neighbouring root of an ancient tree, he drew at a green shoot of the rich-dropping olive, soaked with dewy moisture, as though pressing his lip to a drop of Maronian wine. Others with swords, with spears, with helmets, their wits set a-rioting by the mind-robbing wine, mimicked the […] of the […] Corybants, twirling their steps for the dance-in-armour, and all in a whirl the shields were beaten by alternate thump of hand or the plunging iron. Another eyeing the orgies of the Muse with her choir, skipt a mimicking dance with the Satyr. And one hearing the roll of the banged oxhide, took on a gentle mood, and with rattle-loving desire, threw to the winds his terrible quiver, all frantic: a second chieftain of the womanmad Indians caught by the untwined hair some highnecked Bacchant, and dragging the untamed virgin to violent wedlock, held tight on the ground, and stretched in the dust with lust-maddened hands unsealed her belt, wild with vain hope: for suddenly with head erect a […] crept from her bosom, near-neighbour to the groin, and darted at the enemy’s throat, and about his neck twined a circling belt with spirals of his tail: the black-skinned man, fleeing with frightened feet, shook off the hot sting of unhallowed love, and wore on his throat the necklace of snaky spine.

87ὄφρα μὲν οἰνωθέντες ἐν οὔρεσιν ἔτρεχον Ἰνδοί, τόφρα δὲ νήδυμος Ὕπνος ἑὸν πτερὸν οὖλον ἑλίξας ἀκλινέων σφαλεροῖσιν ἐπέχραεν ὄμμασιν Ἰνδῶν, 90εὔνασε δʼ οἰστρηθέντας ἀμετρήτῳ νόον οἴνῳ, Πασιθέης γενετῆρι χαριζόμενος Διονύσῳ· ὧν ὁ μὲν ὕπτιος εὗδεν ἄνω νεύοντι προσώπῳ ὑπναλέῳ μυκτῆρι μεθυσφαλὲς ἄσθμα τιταίνων, ὃς δὲ βαρυνομένην κεφαλὴν ἐπεθήκατο πέτρῳ, 95νωθρὸς ἐυκροκάλῳ ποταμηίδι κείμενος ὄχθῃ, ἠματίοις δʼ ὀάριζε νοοπλανέεσσιν ὀνείροις ὀρθὰ περὶ κροτάφοισι πεπηγότα δάκτυλα βάλλων· πρηνὴς δʼ ἄλλος ἔην τετανυσμένος, εἶχε δὲ δισσὴν χεῖρα καθιεμένην ἰσοελκέα δίζυγι μηρῷ· 100καί τις ἑῆς παλάμης κεφαλὴν ἐπερείσατο καρπῷ οἶνον ἀναβλύζων· ὁ δὲ καμπύλα γυῖα συνάπτων, ὡς ὄφις ἀμφιέλικτος, ἐκέκλιτο, λοξὸς ἰαύων. καὶ χορὸς ἀντιβίων πεφορημένος εἰς ῥάχιν ὕλης, ὃς μὲν ὑπὸ δρυὸς εὗδεν, ὁ δὲ πτελέης ὑπὸ θάμνῳ, 105ἄλλος ἐπὶ πλευρῇσι πεσὼν ἐκλίνετο φηγῷ, λαιὴν ὀφρυόεντι βαλὼν ἐπὶ χεῖρα μετώπῳ· καὶ πολὺς ἑσμὸς ἴαυε λάλος νέκυς, ἠέρι πέμπων ἀλλοίης ἀχάλινον ἀσημάντου θρόον ἠχοῦς οἰνοβαρής· ἕτερος δὲ τινασσομένοιο καρήνου 110γηραλέης πλατὺ νῶτον ἐπέτρεπε πυθμένι δάφνης· τὸν δὲ βαρὺ κνώσσοντα βαθυστρώτων ἐπὶ λέκτρων ἀκροκόμου φοίνικος ἢ εὐώδινος ἐλαίης ῥιπίζων ἀνέμοισιν ἕλιξ ἐπεσύρισεν ὄρπηξ· καί τις ὑπὲρ δαπέδοιο χυτῇ τετάνυστο κονίῃ, 115ἄκρα ποδῶν προχοῇσι κατακλύζων ποταμοῖο· ἄλλος ἀπειρήτοιο μέθης βακχεύετο παλμῷ, καὶ κεφαλὴν βαρύθουσαν ἐπέτρεπε γείτονι πεύκῃ· ἄλλου φυσιόωντος ἐσείετο νεῦρα μετώπου.

While the Indians were running drunken on the hills, just then sweet Sleep plying his vigorous wing, […] the wavering eyes of the persistent Indians, and put them to bed, tormented in mind by immoderate wine, doing grace to Pasithea’s father, Dionysos. One lay sleeping on his back, with face turning upwards, straining his drink-shaken breath through a sleepy nostril. Another rested his heavy head on a stone, as he lay sluggish on the gravelly bank ; he was babbling in the daydreams of a vagrant mind, and laying his fingers stiff and straight about his temples. Another was stretched out prone, with his two hands hanging down to balance his two thighs. Another had leant his head on the wrist of his hand, and was drooling wine ; another had gathered his loins rolled together, like a snake coiling round, and lay slumbering on his side. And the company of the enemy who had rushed to the woody ridge—one slept under an oak, one in the undergrowth of an elm ; another fallen on his flank, and leaning against an oak, had put the left hand over forehead and eyebrows ; and a great swarm, heavy with wine in their slumber were chattering carcasses, sending into the air the unbridled din of sounds without sense, signifying nothing. One with shaking head, leaned his broad back on the trunk of an aged laurel. Another in heavy stupor upon a deep-strown bed, while the twining saplings of topleaf palm or prolific olive whistled above and fanned him with the winds. One was outstretched on the ground in the outpoured dust, washing the tips of his feet in the pouring river. Another shaken in the throes of intoxication, a new experience, leaned his heavy head against a neighbouring pine : another panted until the sinews of his forehead throbbed.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.