Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 19.97–157: Book 19: Oiagros wins the song contest; Dionysos sets the prizes for dancing

Oiagros, father of Orpheus, sings two lines on Apollo and Hyacinthos and the promise that Dionysos will make Staphylos live for ever, and wins the bull, while Erechtheus gets the goat. Dionysos then sets out a golden mixing-bowl and a silver bowl as prizes for a dancing contest in honour of the dead king, who loved dancing.

Lines 19.97–157 · 601 words · click a number to copy its link
97τοῖα σοφὸς φόρμιζε λυροκτύπος· ἀμφὶ δὲ ῥυθμῷ πάντες ὁμοῦ θέλγοντο· σὺν εὐθύρσῳ δὲ Λυαίῳ ἅρμενον ἱμερόφωνον ἐθάμβεον Ἀτθίδα μολπήν.

Such was the lay of the harper poet, and all were alike enchanted with the music ; they and the god with the thyrsus admired the Attic song with the lovely tones of the fit setting.

100δεύτερος αἰόλον ὕμνον ἄναξ Οἴαγρος ὑφαίνων, ὡς γενέτης Ὀρφῆος, ὁμέστιος ἠθάδι Μούσῃ, δίστιχον ἁρμονίην ἀνεβάλλετο Φοιβάδι μολπῇ, παυροεπής, λιγύμυθος, Ἀμυκλαίῳ τινὶ θεσμῷ·

Second, my lord Oiagros wove a winding lay, as the father of Orpheus who has the Muse his boon-companion . Only a couple of verses he sang, a ditty of Phoibos, clearspoken in few words after some Amyclaian style :

104Εὐχαίτην Ὑάκινθον ἀνεζώγρησεν Ἀπόλλων,

Apollo brought to life again his longhair’d Hyacinthos :

105καὶ Στάφυλον Διόνυσος ἀεὶ ζώοντα τελέσσει.

Staphylos will be made to live for aye by Dionysos.

106οὔ πω κῶμος ἔληγεν, ἐπεφθέγξαντο δὲ λαοὶ εὐφήμοις ἐπέεσσιν ὁμογλώσσων ἀπὸ λαιμῶν, καὶ Σάτυροι σμαράγησαν ἀολλέες· ἐκ δὲ θοώκου ἄστατος ἅλλετο Βάκχος, ἄνω καὶ ἔνερθε τινάσσων 110δεξιτερήν, καὶ Βότρυς ἀνέδραμεν, εὐάδι φωνῇ ἁρμονίην εὔρυθμον ἀοιδοπόλοιο γεραίρων· Οἰάγρου δὲ κάρηνον ἄναξ ἐστέψατο κισσῷ, καὶ γενέτης Ὀρφῆος ἐπιρρήσσων χθόνα ταρσῷ ἄσμενος ἄζυγα ταῦρον ἐδέξατο μισθὸν ἀοιδῆς· 115ἀμφὶ δέ μιν στοιχηδὸν ἐπεσκίρτησαν ἑταῖροι. καὶ τράγον εὐρυγένειον, ἄχος καὶ ζῆλον ἀέξων, αἰδομέναις παλάμῃσιν ἀνείρυσεν ἀστὸς Ἀθήνης.

Before the ceremonial was well ended, the people broke out into loud acclamations of propitious words with one voice and one tongue, and all the Satyrs roared. Bacchos leapt from his seat in haste, waving his right hand up and down ; Botrys ran up, crying Euoi and applauding the musical harmonies of the harper. The Lord crowned Oiagros’s head with ivy, and the father of Orpheus stamped his foot on the ground, as he accepted with joy the untamed bull, the prize of the singing, while his companions danced round him in a row. The man of Athens carried off the bearded goat with shamed hands, full of sorrow and envy.

118Εὐχαίτης δʼ Ἰόβακχος, ἀφειδέι χειρὶ κομίζων, ἄξια θῆκεν ἄεθλα χοροπλεκέος περὶ νίκης, 120γηραλέου κρητῆρα θυώδεος ἔγκυον οἴνου, χρύσεον, ἄσπετα μέτρα κεχανδότα, διψάδι γαίῃ ἰκμάδα τετραέτηρον ἀναβλύζοντα Λυαίου, Ἡφαίστου σοφὸν ἔργον Ὀλύμπιον, ὅν ποτε Κύπρις ὤπασε βοτρυόεντι κασιγνήτῳ Διονύσῳ· 125μείονα δὲ κρητῆρα μέσῳ παρέθηκεν ἀγῶνι ἀργύρεον, στίλβοντα, περίτροχον, ὅν ποτε Βάκχῳ δῶκεν ἄναξ Ἀλύβης ξεινήιον οἰκία ναίων, ἀφνειὴν παρὰ πέζαν, ὅπῃ χθονίοιο μετάλλου ἀργυρέοις ἀγκῶσι μέλας λευκαίνετο κευθμών, 130τοῦ περὶ χείλεος ἄκρον ἐπʼ ὀμφαλόεντι καρήνῳ κισσὸς ἕλιξ, χρυσέῳ δὲ πέριξ δαιδάλλετο κόσμῳ· τοῦτον ἄγων ἔστησε βαθυνομένῳ κενεῶνι ληνὸν ἔτι πνείοντα νεώτερον ὄγκον ὀπώρης, γλεῦκος, ἀνυμφεύτοιο μέθης ποτόν· οὐ νέμεσις γὰρ 135ἀνέρα νικηθέντα πιεῖν ἀμέθυστον ἐέρσην.

Now Iobacchos with flowing hair brought out worthy prizes in his generous hand, offered for victory in the woven dance: a mixer teeming with old fragrant wine, a golden bowl which held infinite measures, spilling on the thirsty earth Lyaios’s juice of four years old. This was an Olympian work of Hephaistos the great master, which Cypris once gave to her brother Dionysos of the vine. A lesser bowl also he set before the assembly, solid silver, shining and round, which Bacchos had once received as a guestgift from the king of Alybe ; who lived in the rich country where the black hole of the mines in the earth was whitened with silver nooks. Round the edge of the lip, on the bossy brim, was ivy twining over bunches of grapes in fine patterns of gold all round. This he brought and laid before them with deep belly still breathing the winepress, stuff of a younger vintage, must, a draught of unmated potation; for who would grudge a defeated man to drink of dew that cannot inebriate ?

136ἀλλʼ ὅτε Βάκχος ἄεθλα μέσῳ στήριξεν ἀγῶνι, ἴδμονας ὀρχηθμοῖο καλέσσατο μάρτυρι φωνῇ·

When Bacchos had laid his prizes before the company, he called out the masters of the dance with attesting voice :

138ὅς τις ἀεθλεύσει κυκλούμενος ἴδμονι ταρσῷ νικήσας τροχαλοῖο ποδὸς κρίσιν, οὗτος ἑλέσθω 140καὶ χρύσεον κρητῆρα καὶ ἡδυπότου χύσιν οἴνου· ὃς δὲ πέσῃ σφαλεροῖο ποδὸς δεδονημένος ὁλκῷ, ἥσσονα δʼ ὀρχήσαιτο, καὶ ἥσσονα δῶρα δεχέσθω· οὐ γὰρ ἐγὼ πάντεσσιν ὁμοίιος· ἀθλοφόρῳ δὲ ἀνέρι νικήσαντι χοροίτυπον ἁβρὸν ἀγῶνα 145οὐ τρίποδα στίλβοντα καὶ οὐ ταχὺν ἵππον ὀπάσσω, οὐ δόρυ καὶ θώρηκα φόνῳ πεπαλαγμένον Ἰνδῶν, δίσκον ἐς ἰθυκέλευθον ἀκοντιστῆρας ἐγείρων· οὐδὲ ποδωκείης τέταται δρόμος, οὐ δορὸς αἰχμὴ τηλεφόρου· Σταφύλῳ δέ, καταφθιμένῳ βασιλῆι, 150ἀνδρὶ φιλοσκάρθμῳ, φιλοπαίγμονα ταρσὰ γεραίρω· οὐδὲ παλαισμοσύνῃ γυιαλκέι δῶρα τιταίνω, οὐ δρόμος ἱπποσύνης, οὐκ Ἤλιδός εἰσιν ἀγῶνες, οὐ δρόμος Οἰνομάου γαμβροκτόνος· ἡμετέρη γὰρ νύσσα χορός, βαλβῖδες ἐπισκιρτήματα ταρσῶν, 155χεὶρ τροχαλὴ καὶ σκαρθμὸς ἕλιξ, καὶ νεῦμα προσώπου ἄστατα κινυμένοιο, καὶ αὐδήεσσα σιωπὴ δάκτυλα δινεύουσα καὶ ὀρχηστῆρος ὀπωπήν.

“Whoso shall contend circling with expert foot and win the match of nimble steps, let him take both the golden bowl and the delicious wine that fills it ; but whoso staggers and totters on moving feet, and falls, and proves the worse dancer, let him accept the worse prize. For I am not like every one else. To the prizewinner who conquers in the dainty beating of the dance, I will give no shining tripod and no swift horse, no spear and corselet stained with blood of Indians ; I make no summons to marksmen for straight throwing with the quoit ; this is no race for speed of foot, no sharp spear cast at a distance. In honour of Staphylos, the dead king, a man who loved the dance, I celebrate the sportive steps he loved. I offer no prizes for wrestlers with straining muscles ; this is no race for horsemanship, no games of Elis, this is no course of Oinomaos with death for his goodsons. My turning-point is the dance, my starting-point the skipping feet, the beckoning hand, the pirouette, the nods and becks and glances of the expressive face, speaking silence, which twirls the signalling fingers, and the dancer’s whole countenance.’

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 19, lines 97–157: Oiagros wins the song…