Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 22.293–401: Book 22: The pursuit; the Hydaspes runs with blood

Erechtheus kills an Indian footman, and Oiagros shoots nine men with nine arrows. Aiacos drives the Indians into the river and slaughters them there, giving no mercy to suppliants, until a Naiad begs him to stop defiling the water.

Lines 22.293–401 · 984 words · click a number to copy its link
293καί τις ἀνὴρ ἀκίχητος ἐχάζετο πεζὸς ὁδίτης ἴχνεσιν ὠκυτέροισι, καὶ ἤθελε γείτονα λόχμην 295δύμεναι, ἧχι πάροιθεν ἐκεύθετο· τὸν δὲ διώκων εἰς δρόμον ἡνιόχευε ποδήνεμον ἵππον Ἐρεχθεύς· ἀλλʼ ὅτε τόσσον ἔμαρψεν, ὅσον προμάχοιο βαλόντος ἔγχεος ἱπταμένοιο τιταίνεται ὄρθιος ὁρμή, δὴ τότε οἱ μετὰ νῶτα βαλὼν ἀντώπιος ἔστη 300πεζὸς ἀνήρ, ἱππῆα δεδεγμένος· αὐτὰρ ὁ κάμψας ὀκλαδὸν ἐστήριξεν ἀριστερὸν ἴχνος ἀρούρῃ λοξὸς ἐπὶ πλευρῇσιν, ὀπισθοτόνοιο δὲ ταρσοῦ ἴχνιον ἠέρταζε μετάρσιον, ὀρθὰ τιταίνων δεξιτεροῦ ποδὸς ἄκρα πεπηγότα δάκτυλα γαίῃ, 305Ἰνδικὸν ἑπταβόειον ἔχων σάκος, εἰκόνα πύργου, γυμνὸν ἔχων ξίφος ὀξύ· προϊσχόμενος δὲ προσώπου ἀσπίδα χαλκεόνωτον ἐπέδραμεν Ἰνδὸς ἀγήνωρ, ἢ θανέειν ἢ φῶτα βαλεῖν ἢ πῶλον ἐλάσσαι ἄορι τολμήεντι· καὶ ὀμφαλόεντι σιδήρῳ 310δόχμιος ἀντικέλευθον ἀνακρούσας γένυν ἵππου πεζὸς ἐὼν ἐτίναξεν ὑπέρτερον ἡνιοχῆα· καί νύ κεν εἰς χθόνα ῥῖψεν ἀμήτορος ἀστὸν Ἀθήνης, ἀλλά μιν ἔγχεϊ νύξε παρʼ ὀμφαλὸν ἄκρον Ἐρεχθεὺς καὶ φονίῳ μέσον ἄνδρα πεπαρμένον ὀξέι χαλκῷ 315εἰς πέδον ἠκόντιζεν· ὁ δὲ στροφάδεσσιν ἐρωαῖς ἠερόθεν προκάρηνος ἐπωλίσθησε κονίῃ κρᾶτα κυβιστητῆρα φέρων βητάρμονι παλμῷ. τὸν δὲ λιπὼν σπαίροντα, μετατρέψας δρόμον ἵππου, ἄλλοις δυσμενέεσσιν ἐπέχραεν ἀστὸς Ἀθήνης. 320. . . κυκλώσας ἑὰ τόξα, καὶ ἁπλώσας ἐπὶ νευρὴν

One man got away on foot uncaught, running at full speed, and wished to get into the coppice not far off where he had been hidden before; but Erechtheus pursued him riding a windfoot horse. When he had caught him up so close that a front-fighter could aim his flying lance for a straight throw, the man turned about and faced him, awaiting the horseman on foot. He bent his knee, and planted his left foot on the ground turning sideways, lifted his right foot and stretched it behind, stiffened the toes of his right foot and pressed them firmly into the ground. He carried a sevenhide Indian shield like a tower, he carried a sharp naked sword ; holding the bronzeplated shield before his face the brave Indian faced his foe, ready to die or strike the man or pierce the horse with daring sword. As he came on the footman from one side struck up at the horse’s cheek with a knob of steel and unsettled the man above on his back, and he would have thrown the citizen of unmothered Athena; but Erechtheus struck him with a spear by his midnipple-tip, and with sharp-slaughtering bronze pierced the man through the middle and sent him flying till he fell through the air to the ground, slipping headforemost, and rolled over and over in the dust, and with a somersault took a header like a tumbling clown. There the Athenian left him in convulsions, and turned back his horse to attack other enemies.

321ὄρθιον ἀκροτάτου τετανυσμένον ἄχρι σιδήρου εἰς σκοπὸν εἷλκε βέλεμνον· ἀριστοτόκῳ δʼ ἐπὶ νύμφῃ νίκης ἐλπίδα πᾶσαν ἐπέτρεπε Καλλιοπείῃ. ἐννέα μὲν προέηκε τανυγλώχινας ὀιστούς, 325ἐννέα δʼ ἄνδρας ἔπεφνεν· ἔην δέ τις ἶσος ἀριθμὸς πεμπομένοις βελέεσσι καὶ ὀλλυμένοισι μαχηταῖς· ὧν ὁ μὲν ἄκρα μέτωπα διέσχισεν ἰὸς ἀλήτης, ὃς δὲ δασυστέρνοιο κατέγραφεν ἄντυγα μαζοῦ, ἄλλος ὑπὲρ λαγόνων, ἕτερος δʼ ἐπὶ νηδύι πίπτων 330μεσσατίῃ πεφόρητο χαρασσομένου κενεῶνος, ὃς δὲ διὰ πλευροῖο διέδραμεν, ὃς δὲ φυγόντος ὀρθὸς ἀελλήεντι ποδῶν ἐνεπήγνυτο ταρσῷ καὶ χθονίῳ σφήκωσεν ὁμοζεύκτῳ πόδα δεσμῷ. ἠνεμόεν δὲ βέλεμνον ἀνείρυσεν· ἐκ δὲ φαρέτρης 335ἄλλου πεμπομένοιο κατέδραμεν ἄλλος ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ ἠερίῃ στροφάλιγγι κατάσσυτος ὄμβρος ὀιστῶν. ὡς δʼ ὅτε χαλκείῳ τις ἐπʼ ἄκμονι χαλκὸν ἐλαύνων ἀκαμάτῳ ῥαιστῆρι πυρίβρομον ἦχον ἰάλλει, τύπτων γείτονα μύδρον, ἀποθρῴσκουσι δὲ πολλοὶ 340ἁλλόμενοι σπινθῆρες ἀρασσομένοιο σιδήρου, ἠέρα θερμαίνοντες, ἀμοιβαίῃσι δὲ ῥιπαῖς ὃς μὲν ἔην προκέλευθος, ὁ δὲ σχεδόν, ἄλλος ὀρούσας ἄλλον ἔτι θρῴσκοντα κιχάνεται αἴθοπι παλμῷ· ὣς ὅ γε τοξεύων στρατιὴν ἀντώπιον Ἰνδῶν 345μαρναμένων ἐκέδασσεν ἀλωφήτων ἀπὸ τόξων, κτείνων ἄλλοθεν ἄλλον ἐπασσυτέροισι βελέμνοις. μεσσατίης δὲ φάλαγγος ἀλευαμένης νέφος ἰῶν χῶρος ἐγυμνώθη, κεραῆς ἴνδαλμα Σελήνης, ἀμφιφαὴς ὅτε βαιὸν ἀποστίλβουσα κεραίης 350ἄκρα διαπλήσασα δύω νεοφεγγέος αἴγλης κεκλιμέναις ἀκτῖσι μέσον κύκλοιο χαράσσει, δίζυγι κεκριμένῳ μαλακῷ πυρί· μεσσατίης δὲ γυμνὰ χαρασσομένης ἔτι φαίνετο κύκλα Σελήνης.

(Oiagros was still fighting.) He bent his bow, fitted a shaft to the string, and drew it right back to the tip of the iron and let fly at the mark, trusting all hopes of victory to his bride Calliopeia, mother of a noble son. Nine longbarbed arrows he shot, nine men he slew—one number for the arrows let fly and the warriors killed. One flying shaft pierced a forehead, one cut the round of a hairy breast, another fell on a flank, another upon a belly and dug deep into the hollow middle. Again one went through a side, another caught a running man on the sole of his storming foot and nailed the foot close fastened to the earth. Again he drew back a windswift shaft: and from that quiver another flew, and a shower of arrows went one after another hurtling through the air. As when a man hammers metal on a smith’s anvil, and rings the fiery clinks with unwearied sledge beating the mass below, the sparks leap out in showers, spurting when the iron is struck, and heat the air ; under blow after blow first one goes up then another, one leaps after another and catches it leaping in its fiery course: so he shooting at the Indian host before him scattered the warriors with arrows without respite, slaying on all sides with the incessant shafts. The centre of the line gave way before this cloud of arrows and a space was left clear, like the crescent moon when it shines dim at either horn and fills the two ends with new-lighted sheen, marking off the middle of the orb with receding beams, and the two horns apart gleaming softly, but the middle orb of the moon marked off is yet seen to be bare.

354οὐδὲ μάχης ἀπέληγε συναιχμάζων Διονύσῳ 355Αἰακὸς ἀπτοίητος, ἐβακχεύθη δὲ κυδοιμῷ κτείνων ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα· καὶ ἐκ πεδίοιο διώκων εἰς προχοὰς ποταμοῖο μετήγαγε λαὸν ἀλήτην. συμφερτοὶ δʼ ἕνα μοῦνον ἐκυκλώσαντο μαχηταὶ τυπτόμενον ξιφέεσσι καὶ οὐκ ἀλέγοντα μαχαίρης, 360οὐ βέλεος πτερόεντος· ἐπασσυτέρῃσι δὲ ῥιπαῖς κυανέης ἤμησε σιδήρεα λήια χάρμης κραιπνὸς ἀνὴρ καὶ πᾶσιν ἐμάρνατο, τοὺς μὲν ἐπʼ ὄχθαις, τοὺς δὲ κάτω ποταμοῖο μαχήμονι χειρὶ δαΐζων· καὶ νεκύων ἔπλησεν ὅλον ῥόον· ὀλλυμένων δὲ 365αἵματι μορμύρων ἐρυθαίνετο λευκὸς Ὑδάσπης. καί τις ἀνὴρ προμάχοιο φυγὼν ἀνεμώδεα ῥιπὴν κύμβαχος αὐτοκύλιστος ἐπωλίσθησε ῥεέθρῳ, καὶ πολὺς ἀρτιδάικτος ἀκοντιστῆρι σιδήρῳ σύρετο κυματόεντι νέκυς πεφορημένος ὁλκῷ 370οἰδαλέοις μελέεσσιν· ὑποβρυχίοιο δὲ λύθρου νηιάδες λούσαντο δαφοινήεντι ῥεέθρῳ, καὶ φονίαις λιβάδεσσιν ἐφοινίχθη μέλαν ὕδωρ. πολλοὶ δʼ ἐν προχοῇσιν ἀπορρίψαντες ἀκωκὴν ἱκεσίην ἀνέφαινον ἀτευχέες, ὃς μὲν ἐπʼ ὄχθαις, 375ὃς δὲ παρὰ ψαμάθοις τετανυσμένος, ὃς δʼ ἐπὶ γαίῃ ὄρθιος ὀκλάζων, κυρτούμενον αὐχένα κάμπτων· ἀλλὰ λιτὰς ἀπέειπεν ἄνω νεύοντι προσώπῳ Αἰακὸς ἀντιβίοισιν ἀκαμπέα μῆνιν ἀέξων· αἰχμητὴν δʼ ἀσίδηρον ἔτι ψαύοντα λιτάων 380οὐχ ἕνα μοῦνον ἔπεφνε Λυκάονα, δυσμενέας δὲ χερσὶν ἀθωρήκτοισι κυλινδομένους ἐπὶ γαίῃ νηρίθμους κεράιζε, ῥόον ποταμοῖο μιαίνων· καὶ πολὺν Ἀστεροπαῖον ἐδέξατο νεκρὸν Ὑδάσπης.

Nor did Aiacos slacken fight, that fearless ally of Dionysos, but he moved furious in the fray killing here and killing there ; he chased the people away from the plain and drove them into the river flood. The warriors gathered around him, alone in their midst, struck by their swords and not caring for sabre-stroke nor winged shot. With incessant swoops he reaped the iron harvest of black battle, that stirring hero, and fought them all, slaying some on the banks, some down in the river with battling hand. He filled the whole stream with corpses; white Hydaspes turned red, boiling with the blood of the slain. One man to escape the champion, rushing like the wind, dived of himself, tumbling into the stream ; many a corpse newly slain by that darting steel was carried floating upon the billowy flood with swollen limbs. The blood ran deep, and the Naiads washed in gory water, the black water reddened with clots of blood. Many threw away their spears in the river and offered supplication unarmed, this on the bank, that stretched on the sand, one again on land kneeling upright and bending an arched neck. But Aiacos threw up his head refusing their prayers, and let his unbending wrath grow against his adversaries. Not one Lycaon alone did he slay, a warrior unarmed and still praying for mercy; but innumerable enemies he destroyed, rolling over and over on the earth with unweaponed hands, and defiled the running river : many a dead Asteropaios Hydaspes received.

384Οὐδʼ ἀθεεὶ πολέμιζε καὶ Αἰακός· ἀντιβίους γάρ, 385ὡς γενέτης Πηλῆος, ἔσω ποταμοῖο δαΐζων ἰκμαλέον μόθον εἶχε καὶ ὑδατόεσσαν Ἐνυώ, οἷα προθεσπίζων ποταμοῦ περὶ χεῦμα Καμάνδρου φύλοπιν ἡμιτέλεστον ἐπεσσομένην Ἀχιλῆι· καὶ μόθον υἱωνοῖο μόθος μαντεύσατο πάππου.

Not without God’s help Aiacos also fought. As befitted the father of Peleus, he slew his enemies in the river, a watery battle, a conflict among the waves, as if to foretell the unfinished battle for Achilles in time to come at the river Camandros: the grandfather’s battle prophesied the grandson’s conflict.

390καί τις ἐνὶ προχοῇσιν ἀσάμβαλος ἴαχε Νύμφη νηιὰς ἀκρήδεμνος ὑπερκύψασα ῥοάων·

And a Naiad Nymph in the river unshod, unveiled, peeped out of the stream and cried—

392Νηιάδων ὁμόφυλε, Διιπετὲς αἷμα κομίζων, ἁγνὸν ὕδωρ ἐλέαιρε Διιπετέος ποταμοῖο. ἄρκιον Ἰνδὸν ὄλεσσε τεὸν δόρυ· παύεο Νύμφαις 395δάκρυα Νηιάδεσσιν ἀδακρύτοισιν ἐγείρων· νηιὰς ὑδατόεσσα καὶ ὑμετέρη πέλε μήτηρ· κούρην γὰρ ποταμοῖο τεὴν Αἴγιναν ἀκούω. μνώεο, τίς σε λόχευσε, καὶ οὐκέτι χεῦμα μιαίνεις. ἵξομαι εἰς ῥόον ἄλλον ἀκήρατον, εἰς ἅλα βαίνω. 400καί με θαλασσαίη δέχεται Θέτις· ἀλλὰ μελέσθω αἱματόεις ῥόος οὗτος Ἐρινύι καὶ Διονύσῳ.

“Kinsman of the Naiads! with the blood of Zeus in your veins! Pity the holy water of the river that fell from Zeus! Indians enough your spear has destroyed. Cease to call for the tears from the tearless Naiad Nymphs! A Naiad of the water was your own mother; yes, I hear that your Aigina was a river’s daughter. Think who brought you forth, and you will no longer defile a river. I will go away to another stream, one without stain, I will go down to the sea, and seaborn Thetis is ready to receive me. Let this river of blood be the care of Erinys and Dionysos.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 22, lines 293–401: The pursuit