Sophocles · Ajax Αἴας

Sophocles, Ajax 1223–1315: Fifth episode: Agamemnon and Teucer quarrel

Teucer returns when he sees Agamemnon coming, and Agamemnon calls him a captive's son and asks how he dares to speak so boldly. Teucer tells him how Ajax saved the Greek ships from Hector's fire, and how much the army owes him. He answers with the ancestry of Agamemnon and says that he will protect the body with his own life.

Lines 1223–1315 · 989 words · click a number to copy its link
Τεῦκρος 1223καὶ μὴν ἰδὼν ἔσπευσα τὸν στρατηλάτην Ἀγαμέμνονʼ ἡμῖν δεῦρο τόνδʼ ὁρμώμενον· 1225δῆλος δέ μοὐστὶ σκαιὸν ἐκλύσων στόμα. Ἀγαμέμνων σὲ δὴ τὰ δεινὰ ῥήματʼ ἀγγέλλουσί μοι τλῆναι καθʼ ἡμῶν ὧδʼ ἀνοιμωκτὶ χανεῖν; σέ τοι, τὸν ἐκ τῆς αἰχμαλωτίδος λέγω, ἦ που τραφεὶς ἂν μητρὸς εὐγενοῦς ἄπο 1230ὑψήλʼ ἐκόμπεις κἀπʼ ἄκρων ὡδοιπόρεις, ὅτʼ οὐδὲν ὢν τοῦ μηδὲν ἀντέστης ὕπερ, κοὔτε στρατηγοὺς οὔτε ναυάρχους μολεῖν ἡμᾶς Ἀχαιῶν οὐδὲ σοῦ διωμόσω ἀλλʼ αὐτὸς ἄρχων, ὡς σὺ φής, Αἴας ἔπλει. 1235ταῦτʼ οὐκ ἀκούειν μεγάλα πρὸς δούλων κακά; ποίου κέκραγας ἀνδρὸς ὧδʼ ὑπέρφρονα; ποῖ βάντος ἢ ποῦ στάντος οὗπερ οὐκ ἐγώ; οὐκ ἆρʼ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄνδρες εἰσὶ πλὴν ὅδε; πικροὺς ἔοιγμεν τῶν Ἀχιλλείων ὅπλων 1240ἀγῶνας Ἀργείοισι κηρῦξαι τότε, εἰ πανταχοῦ φανούμεθʼ ἐκ Τεύκρου κακοί, κοὐκ ἀρκέσει ποθʼ ὑμὶν οὐδʼ ἡσσημένοις εἴκειν ἃ τοῖς πολλοῖσιν ἤρεσκεν κριταῖς, ἀλλʼ αἰὲν ἡμᾶς ἢ κακοῖς βαλεῖτέ που 1245ἢ σὺν δόλῳ κεντήσεθʼ οἱ λελειμμένοι. ἐκ τῶνδε μέντοι τῶν τρόπων οὐκ ἄν ποτε κατάστασις γένοιτʼ ἂν οὐδενὸς νόμου, εἰ τοὺς δίκῃ νικῶντας ἐξωθήσομεν καὶ τοὺς ὄπισθεν εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν ἄξομεν. 1250ἀλλʼ εἰρκτέον τάδʼ ἐστίν· οὐ γὰρ οἱ πλατεῖς οὐδʼ εὐρύνωτοι φῶτες ἀσφαλέστατοι, ἀλλʼ οἱ φρονοῦντες εὖ κρατοῦσι πανταχοῦ. μέγας δὲ πλευρὰ βοῦς ὑπὸ σμικρᾶς ὅμως μάστιγος ὀρθὸς εἰς ὁδὸν πορεύεται. 1255καὶ σοὶ προσέρπον τοῦτʼ ἐγὼ τὸ φάρμακον ὁρῶ τάχʼ, εἰ μὴ νοῦν κατακτήσει τινά· ὃς ἀνδρὸς οὐκέτʼ ὄντος, ἀλλʼ ἤδη σκιᾶς, θαρσῶν ὑβρίζεις κἀξελευθεροστομεῖς. οὐ σωφρονήσεις; οὐ μαθὼν ὃς εἶ φύσιν 1260ἄλλον τινʼ ἄξεις ἄνδρα δεῦρʼ ἐλεύθερον, ὅστις πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀντὶ σοῦ λέξει τὰ σά; σοῦ γὰρ λέγοντος οὐκέτʼ ἂν μάθοιμʼ ἐγώ· τὴν βάρβαρον γὰρ γλῶσσαν οὐκ ἐπαΐω.

Teucer Here I am! I hurried back when I saw the supreme commander, Agamemnon, rapidly approaching. It is plain to me that he will let his clumsy tongue fly.

Agamemnon So it is you, they tell me, who dared open your mouth wide to make fierce threats against us—and are you still unpunished? Yes, I mean you—you, the captive slave’s son. No doubt if you were born from a noble mother, your talk would reach the sky and you would proudly strut about, when now it is the case that, though you are a nobody and a nothing, you have stood up for this other nothing lying here, and have vowed that we came out with no authority either as admirals or as generals to rule the Greeks or you. No, as an autonomous ruler, you say, Ajax set sail. Does it not shame me that I hear these proud words from slavish mouths? What was the man whom you shout about with such arrogance? Where did he advance, or where did he stand his ground, where I did not do the same? Have the Greeks, then, no other men but him? To our own harm, it seems, we announced to the Greeks the contests for the arms of Achilles, if on all sides we are accounted corrupt because of Teucer, and if it will never satisfy you Salaminians, even when you are defeated, to accept the verdict which satisfied the majority of the judges. But instead you will always no doubt aim your slanderous arrows at us, or treacherously lash at our backs when you fall behind us in the race. Yet in a place where such ways prevail, there could be no settled order for any law, if we are to thrust the rightful winners aside and bring those in the rear up to the front ranks. These tendencies must be checked. It is not the stout, broad-shouldered men that are the steadiest allies. No, it is the wise who prevail in every engagement. A broad-backed ox is kept straight on the road all the same when only a small whip directs him. And a dose of this very medicine, I foresee, will find you before long, unless you gain a little good sense. He no longer exists, but is already a shade, yet still you boldly insult us and give your tongue too much freedom. Restrain yourself, I say. Recall your birth, your nature. Bring someone else here—a man who is freeborn—who can plead your cause before me in your place. For when you speak, I no longer understand— I do not know your barbarian language.

Χορός 1264εἴθʼ ὑμὶν ἀμφοῖν νοῦς γένοιτο σωφρονεῖν· 1265τούτου γὰρ οὐδὲν σφῷν ἔχω λῷον φράσαι. Τεῦκρος φεῦ· τοῦ θανόντος ὡς ταχεῖά τις βροτοῖς χάρις διαρρεῖ καὶ προδοῦσʼ ἁλίσκεται, εἰ σοῦ γʼ ὅδʼ ἁνὴρ οὐδʼ ἐπὶ σμικρῶν λόγων, Αἴας, ἔτʼ ἴσχει μνῆστιν, οὗ σὺ πολλάκις 1270τὴν σὴν προτείνων προύκαμες ψυχὴν δόρει. ἀλλʼ οἴχεται δὴ πάντα ταῦτʼ ἐρριμμένα. ὦ πολλὰ λέξας ἄρτι κἀνόητʼ ἔπη, οὐ μνημονεύεις οὐκέτʼ οὐδέν, ἡνίκα ἑρκέων ποθʼ ὑμᾶς οὗτος ἐγκεκλῃμένους, 1275ἤδη τὸ μηδὲν ὄντας, ἐν τροπῇ δορὸς ἐρρύσατʼ ἐλθὼν μοῦνος, ἀμφὶ μὲν νεῶν ἄκροισιν ἤδη ναυτικοῖς ἑδωλίοις πυρὸς φλέγοντος, εἰς δὲ ναυτικὰ σκάφη πηδῶντος ἄρδην Ἕκτορος τάφρων ὕπερ; 1280τίς ταῦτʼ ἀπεῖρξεν; οὐχ ὅδʼ ἦν ὁ δρῶν τάδε, ὃν οὐδαμοῦ φής, οὗ σὺ μή, βῆναι ποδί; ἆρʼ ὑμὶν οὗτος ταῦτʼ ἔδρασεν ἔνδικα; χὤτʼ αὖθις αὐτὸς Ἕκτορος μόνος μόνου λαχών τε κἀκέλευστος ἦλθʼ ἐναντίος, 1285οὐ δραπέτην τὸν κλῆρον ἐς μέσον καθείς, ὑγρᾶς ἀρούρας βῶλον, ἀλλʼ ὃς εὐλόφου κυνῆς ἔμελλε πρῶτος ἅλμα κουφιεῖν; ὅδʼ ἦν ὁ πράσσων ταῦτα, σὺν δʼ ἐγὼ παρών, ὁ δοῦλος, οὑκ τῆς βαρβάρου μητρὸς γεγώς.

Chorus If only you both had the sense to exercise self-restraint! There is no better advice that I could give you two.

Teucer My, how quickly gratitude to the dead seeps away from men and is found to have turned to betrayal, since this man no longer offers even the slightest praise in remembrance of you, Ajax, even though it was for his sake you toiled so often in battle, offering your own life to the spear! No, your assistance is dead and gone, all flung aside! Full and foolish talker, do you no longer remember anything of the time when you were trapped inside your defenses, when you were all but destroyed in the turn of the battle and he, he alone came and saved you at the moment when the flames were already blazing around the decks at your ships’ sterns and Hector was leaping high over the trench towards the vessels? Who averted that? Was it not Ajax who did it, the one who, you say, nowhere set foot where you were not? Well, do you grant that he did his duty to you there? And what about when another time, all alone, he confronted Hector in single combat according to the fall of the lots, and not at anyone’s command? The lot which he cast in was not the kind to flee the challenge; it was no lump of moist earth, but one which would be the first to leap lightly from the crested helmet! It was this man who did those deeds, and I, the slave, the son of the barbarian mother, was at his side.

Teucer

1290δύστηνε, ποῖ βλέπων ποτʼ αὐτὰ καὶ θροεῖς; οὐκ οἶσθα σοῦ πατρὸς μὲν ὃς προύφυ πατὴρ ἀρχαῖον ὄντα Πέλοπα βάρβαρον Φρύγα; Ἀτρέα δʼ, ὃς αὖ σʼ ἔσπειρε δυσσεβέστατον, προθέντʼ ἀδελφῷ δεῖπνον οἰκείων τέκνων; 1295αὐτὸς δὲ μητρὸς ἐξέφυς Κρήσσης, ἐφʼ ᾗ λαβὼν ἐπακτὸν ἄνδρʼ ὁ φιτύσας πατὴρ ἐφῆκεν ἐλλοῖς ἰχθύσιν διαφθοράν. τοιοῦτος ὢν τοιῷδʼ ὀνειδίζεις σποράν; ὃς ἐκ πατρὸς μέν εἰμι Τελαμῶνος γεγώς, 1300ὅστις στρατοῦ τὰ πρῶτʼ ἀριστεύσας ἐμὴν ἴσχει ξύνευνον μητέρʼ, ἣ φύσει μὲν ἦν βασίλεια, Λαομέδοντος· ἔκκριτον δέ νιν δώρημα κείνῳ ʼδωκεν Ἀλκμήνης γόνος. ἆρʼ ὧδʼ ἄριστος ἐξ ἀριστέοιν δυοῖν 1305βλαστὼν ἂν αἰσχύνοιμι τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος, οὓς νῦν σὺ τοιοῖσδʼ ἐν πόνοισι κειμένους ὠθεῖς ἀθάπτους, οὐδʼ ἐπαισχύνει λέγων; εὖ νυν τόδʼ ἴσθι, τοῦτον εἰ βαλεῖτέ που, βαλεῖτε χἠμᾶς τρεῖς ὁμοῦ συγκειμένους. 1310ἐπεὶ καλόν μοι τοῦδʼ ὑπερπονουμένῳ θανεῖν προδήλως μᾶλλον ἢ τῆς σῆς ὑπὲρ γυναικός, ἢ τοῦ σοῦ γʼ ὁμαίμονος λέγω; πρὸς ταῦθʼ ὅρα μὴ τοὐμόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ σόν· ὡς εἴ με πημανεῖς τι, βουλήσει ποτὲ 1315καὶ δειλὸς εἶναι μᾶλλον ἢ ʼν ἐμοὶ θρασύς.

Pitiful creature, how can you be so blind as to argue the way you do? Are you not aware of the fact that your father’s father Pelops long ago was a barbarian, a Phrygian? That Atreus, your own begetter, set before his brother a most unholy feast made from the flesh of his brother’s children? And you yourself were born from a Cretan mother, whose father found a stranger straddling her and who was consigned by him to be prey for the mute fish. So being of such a kind, can you reproach a man like me for my lineage? I am the son of Telamon, who won my mother for his consort as prize for valor supreme in the army. And she was the daughter of Laomedon, of royal blood, and it was as the flower of the spoil that Alcmena’s son gave her to Telamon. Thus nobly born as I am from two noble parents, could I disgrace my own flesh and blood, whom even as he lies here subdued by such massive troubles, you, making your pronouncements without a blush of shame, would thrust out without burial? Now consider this well: wherever you cast him away, with him you will also cast our three corpses. It is right for me to die before all men’s eyes while I am toiling in his cause, rather than for your wife—or should I say your brother’s? With this in mind, then, look not to my safety, but to yours instead, since if you cause me any grief at all, you will soon wish that you had been more timid than bold when confronting me.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1893). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Ajax, Cambridge University Press, 1893 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.