Sophocles · Ajax Αἴας

Sophocles, Ajax 1093–1162: Teucer defies Menelaus

Teucer answers that Ajax was not Menelaus' subordinate, but came to Troy of his own will, and says that Menelaus has no right to forbid his burial. The two exchange insults, and Teucer says that the body will be buried at once. Menelaus says that it would be a disgrace to argue when he has the power to use force, and leaves.

Lines 1093–1162 · 792 words · click a number to copy its link
Τεῦκρος 1093οὐκ ἄν ποτʼ, ἄνδρες, ἄνδρα θαυμάσαιμʼ ἔτι, ὃς μηδὲν ὢν γοναῖσιν εἶθʼ ἁμαρτάνει, 1095ὅθʼ οἱ δοκοῦντες εὐγενεῖς πεφυκέναι τοιαῦθʼ ἁμαρτάνουσιν ἐν λόγοις ἔπη· ἄγʼ εἴπʼ ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς αὖθις, ἦ σὺ φὴς ἄγειν τόνδʼ ἄνδρʼ Ἀχαιοῖς δεῦρο σύμμαχον λαβών; οὐκ αὐτὸς ἐξέπλευσεν ὡς αὑτοῦ κρατῶν; 1100ποῦ σὺ στρατηγεῖς τοῦδε; ποῦ δὲ σοὶ λεῶν ἔξεστʼ ἀνάσσειν ὧν ὅδʼ ἤγαγʼ οἴκοθεν; Σπάρτης ἀνάσσων ἦλθες, οὐχ ἡμῶν κρατῶν· οὐδʼ ἔσθʼ ὅπου σοὶ τόνδε κοσμῆσαι πλέον ἀρχῆς ἔκειτο θεσμὸς ἢ καὶ τῷδε σέ. 1105ὕπαρχος ἄλλων δεῦρʼ ἔπλευσας, οὐχ ὅλων στρατηγός, ὥστʼ Αἴαντος ἡγεῖσθαί ποτε. ἀλλʼ ὧνπερ ἄρχεις ἄρχε καὶ τὰ σέμνʼ ἔπη κόλαζʼ ἐκείνους· τόνδε δʼ, εἴτε μὴ σὺ φὴς εἴθʼ ἅτερος στρατηγός, εἰς ταφὰς ἐγὼ 1110θήσω δικαίως, οὐ τὸ σὸν δείσας στόμα. οὐ γάρ τι τῆς σῆς εἵνεκʼ ἐστρατεύσατο γυναικός, ὥσπερ οἱ πόνου πολλοῦ πλέῳ, ἀλλʼ εἵνεχʼ ὅρκων οἷσιν ἦν ἐνώμοτος, σοῦ δʼ οὐδέν· οὐ γὰρ ἠξίου τοὺς μηδένας. 1115πρὸς ταῦτα πλείους δεῦρο κήρυκας λαβὼν καὶ τὸν στρατηγὸν ἧκε, τοῦ δὲ σοῦ ψόφου οὐκ ἂν στραφείην, ἕως ἂν ᾖς οἷός περ εἶ. Χορός οὐδʼ αὖ τοιαύτην γλῶσσαν ἐν κακοῖς φιλῶ· τὰ σκληρὰ γάρ τοι, κἂν ὑπέρδικʼ ᾖ, δάκνει.

Teucer Never again, my fellow Salaminians, will I be amazed if some nobody by birth does wrong, when those who are reputed to be born of noble blood employ such wrongful sentiments in their arguments. Come, tell me from the first once more—do you really say that you brought Ajax here to the Greeks as an ally personally recruited by you? Did he not sail of his own accord? As his own master? On what grounds are you his commander? On what grounds have you a right to kingship over the men whom he brought from home? It was as Sparta’s king that you came, not as master over us. Nowhere was it established among your lawful powers that you should order him any more than he you. You sailed here under the command of others, not as a supreme commander who might at any time exercise authority over Ajax. No, rule the troops you rule, and use your reverend words to punish them! But this man, whether you or the other general forbid it, I will lay in the grave as justice demands, and I will not fear your tongue. It was not at all for your wife’s sake that Ajax made this expedition, as did those toil-worn drudges. No, it was for the sake of the oath by which he had sworn, and not at all for you, since it was not his habit to value nobodies. And so when you come here again, bring more heralds, and the leader of the expedition, too. Your bluster could not make me turn to notice you, so long as you are what you are.

Chorus Again, I say, in these troubles I cannot approve of such a tone. Harsh words sting, however just they are.

Μενέλαος 1120ὁ τοξότης ἔοικεν οὐ σμικρὸν φρονεῖν. Τεῦκρος οὐ γὰρ βάναυσον τὴν τέχνην ἐκτησάμην. Μενέλαος μέγʼ ἄν τι κομπάσειας, ἀσπίδʼ εἰ λάβοις. Τεῦκρος κἂν ψιλὸς ἀρκέσαιμι σοί γʼ ὡπλισμένῳ. Μενέλαος ἡ γλῶσσά σου τὸν θυμὸν ὡς δεινὸν τρέφει. Τεῦκρος 1125ξὺν τῷ δικαίῳ γὰρ μέγʼ ἔξεστιν φρονεῖν. Μενέλαος δίκαια γὰρ τόνδʼ εὐτυχεῖν κτείναντά με; Τεῦκρος κτείναντα; δεινόν γʼ εἶπας, εἰ καὶ ζῇς θανών. Μενέλαος θεὸς γὰρ ἐκσῴζει με, τῷδε δʼ οἴχομαι. Τεῦκρος μή νυν ἀτίμα θεούς, θεοῖς σεσωσμένος. Μενέλαος 1130ἐγὼ γὰρ ἂν ψέξαιμι δαιμόνων νόμους; Τεῦκρος εἰ τοὺς θανόντας οὐκ ἐᾷς θάπτειν παρών. Μενέλαος τούς γʼ αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πολεμίους. οὐ γὰρ καλόν. Τεῦκρος ἦ σοὶ γὰρ Αἴας πολέμιος προύστη ποτέ; Μενέλαος μισοῦντʼ ἐμίσει· καὶ σὺ τοῦτʼ ἠπίστασο. Τεῦκρος 1135κλέπτης γὰρ αὐτοῦ ψηφοποιὸς ηὑρέθης. Μενέλαος ἐν τοῖς δικασταῖς, κοὐκ ἐμοί, τόδʼ ἐσφάλη. Τεῦκρος πόλλʼ ἂν κακῶς λάθρᾳ σὺ κλέψειας κακά. Μενέλαος τοῦτʼ εἰς ἀνίαν τοὔπος ἔρχεταί τινι. Τεῦκρος οὐ μᾶλλον, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἢ λυπήσομεν. Μενέλαος 1140ἕν σοι φράσω· τόνδʼ ἐστὶν οὐχὶ θαπτέον. Τεῦκρος ἀλλʼ ἀντακούσει τοῦτον ὡς τεθάψεται. Μενέλαος ἤδη ποτʼ εἶδον ἄνδρʼ ἐγὼ γλώσσῃ θρασὺν ναύτας ἐφορμήσαντα χειμῶνος τὸ πλεῖν, ᾧ φθέγμʼ ἂν οὐκ ἂν ηὗρες, ἡνίκʼ ἐν κακῷ 1145χειμῶνος εἴχετʼ, ἀλλʼ ὑφʼ εἵματος κρυφεὶς πατεῖν παρεῖχε τῷ θέλοντι ναυτίλων. οὕτω δὲ καὶ σὲ καὶ τὸ σὸν λάβρον στόμα σμικροῦ νέφους τάχʼ ἄν τις ἐκπνεύσας μέγας χειμὼν κατασβέσειε τὴν πολλὴν βοήν.

Menelaus The bowman seems to feel no little grandeur.

Teucer I do, since it is no lowly skill that I possess.

Menelaus How you would boast, if you had a shield!

Teucer Even without a shield I would be a match for you fully armed.

Menelaus What a tongue you have! What dreadful anger it feeds!

Teucer When right is with him, a man’s thoughts may be grand.

Menelaus What, is it right that the man who murdered me should prosper?

Teucer Murdered you? It is truly a strange happening, if in fact you live after being killed.

Menelaus A god rescued me. So far as that corpse is concerned, I am in Hades.

Teucer Then since it was the gods who saved you, do not dishonor the gods.

Menelaus What, would I find fault with divine law?

Teucer Yes, if by your presence here you prevent burial of the dead.

Menelaus Prevent it I do, since he was at war with me and I with him. Burial in such a case would not be right.

Teucer What do you mean? Did Ajax ever stand forth publicly to war with you?

Menelaus He hated me as I hated him, and you knew it, too.

Teucer Yes, he hated you because you had been caught fixing the votes in order to rob him.

Menelaus At the hands of the jurymen, not mine, he suffered that loss.

Teucer You could make a thousand stealthy crimes look pretty.

Menelaus That sentiment leads to pain for someone I know.

Teucer The pain will be no greater, I think, than that which we will inflict.

Menelaus I will tell you once and for all—there is to be no burial for him.

Teucer And hear my reply—he shall be buried immediately.

Menelaus Once I saw a bold-tongued man who had urged sailors to set sail during wintertime. Yet in him you could have found no voice when the worst of the storm was upon him. No, hidden beneath his cloak he allowed the crew to trample on him at will. And so it is with you and your raging speech—perhaps a great storm, even if its blast comes from a small cloud, will extinguish your shouting.

Τεῦκρος 1150ἐγὼ δέ γʼ ἄνδρʼ ὄπωπα μωρίας πλέων, ὃς ἐν κακοῖς ὕβριζε τοῖσι τῶν πέλας. κᾆτʼ αὐτὸν εἰσιδών τις ἐμφερὴς ἐμοὶ ὀργήν θʼ ὅμοιος εἶπε τοιοῦτον λόγον· ὤνθρωπε, μὴ δρᾶ τοὺς τεθνηκότας κακῶς· 1155εἰ γὰρ ποήσεις, ἴσθι πημανούμενος. τοιαῦτʼ ἄνολβον ἄνδρʼ ἐνουθέτει παρών. ὁρῶ δέ τοί νιν, κἄστιν, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, οὐδείς ποτʼ ἄλλος ἢ σύ. μῶν ᾐνιξάμην; Μενέλαος ἄπειμι· καὶ γὰρ αἰσχρόν, εἰ πύθοιτό τις 1160λόγοις κολάζειν ᾧ βιάζεσθαι πάρα. Τεῦκρος ἄφερπέ νυν· κἀμοὶ γὰρ αἴσχιστον κλύειν ἀνδρὸς ματαίου φλαῦρʼ ἔπη μυθουμένου.

Teucer Yes, and I have seen a man stuffed with foolishness who exulted in his neighbor’s misfortunes. It turned out that a man like me and of similar temperament stared at him and said, Man, do not wrong the dead; for, if you do, rest assured that you will come to harm. So he warned the misguided man before him. Take note—I see him now, and I think that he is no one but you. Have I spoken in riddles?

Menelaus I will go—it would be a disgrace to have it known that I argue when I have the power to use force.

Teucer Leave then! The worst disgrace for me is that I should listen to a fool’s empty chatter.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1893). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Ajax, Cambridge University Press, 1893 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Ajax 1093–1162: Teucer defies Menelaus | Sophocles