Euripides · Rhesus Ῥῆσος

Euripides, Rhesus 728–803: Exodos: Rhesus' wounded charioteer tells of the night attack

The charioteer of Rhesus, wounded, stumbles in asking for Hector and the captains, and the Chorus Leader says that he is one of the allies. He tells that Rhesus is dead, slain as he slept with no watch set. He describes his dream of wolves on the horses' backs, and how he woke to blood and was stabbed by an unseen hand, and he suspects Rhesus' own allies.

Lines 728–803 · 679 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἡνίοχος 728ἰὼ, ἰώ, δαίμονος τύχα βαρεῖα. φεῦ φεῦ. Χορός ἔα, ἔα· 730σῖγα πᾶς ὕφιζʼ· ἴσως γὰρ ἐς βόλον τις ἔρχεται. Ἡνίοχος ἰὼ ἰώ, συμφορὰ βαρεῖα Θρῃκῶν. Χορός συμμάχων τις ὁ στένων.

Charioteer Oh, oh! Cruel stroke of fate. Woe, woe!

Chorus Leader Hush! be silent all, crouch low; for perhaps there comes someone into the snare.

Charioteer Oh, oh! dire mishap to the Thracians.

Chorus Leader It is one of the allies who is groaning.

Charioteer

733ἰὼ ἰώ, δύστηνος ἐγώ· σύ τʼ, ἄναξ Θρῃκῶν, ὦ στυγνοτάτην Τροίαν ἐσιδών, 735οἷόν σε βίου τέλος εἷλεν.

Oh, oh! woe to me and to you, O king of Thrace, how cursed the sight of Troy to you! what an end to your life!

Chorus Leader

736τίς εἶ ποτʼ ἀνδρῶν συμμάχων; κατʼ εὐφρόνην ἀμβλῶπες αὐγαὶ κοὔ σε γιγνώσκω τορῶς.

Who are you? One of the allies? Night’s gloom has dulled these eyes and I cannot clearly recognize you.

Charioteer

738ποῦ τινʼ ἀνάκτων Τρωικῶν εὕρω; ποῦ δῆθʼ Ἕκτωρ 740τὸν ὑπασπίδιον κοῖτον ἰαύει; τίνι σημήνω διόπων στρατιᾶς οἷα πεπόνθαμεν, οἷά τις ἡμᾶς δράσας ἀφανῆ φροῦδος, φανερὸν Θρῃξὶν πένθος τολυπεύσας;

Where can I find some Trojan chief? Where does Hector take his rest under arms? To which of the captains of the army am I to tell my tale? What sufferings ours! what dark deeds someone has wrought on us and gone his way, when he had wound up a ball of sorrow manifest to every Thracian!

Chorus Leader

745κακὸν κυρεῖν τι Θρῃκίῳ στρατεύματι ἔοικεν, οἷα τοῦδε γιγνώσκω κλύων.

From what I gather of this man’s words, some calamity, it seems, is befalling the Thracian army.

Charioteer

747ἔρρει στρατιά, πέπτωκεν ἄναξ δολίῳ πληγῇ. ἆ ἆ ἆ ἆ, 750οἵα μʼ ὀδύνη τείρει φονίου τραύματος εἴσω. πῶς ἂν ὀλοίμην; χρῆν γάρ μʼ ἀκλεῶς Ῥῆσόν τε θανεῖν, Τροίᾳ κέλσαντʼ ἐπίκουρον;

Lost is all our army, our prince is dead, slain by a treacherous blow. Oh! Oh! The cruel anguish of this bloody wound that racks my frame within! Would I were dead! Was it to die this inglorious death that Rhesus and I came bringing aid to Troy?

Χορός 754τάδʼ οὐκ ἐν αἰνιγμοῖσι σημαίνει κακά· 755σαφῶς γὰρ αὐδᾷ συμμάχους ὀλωλότας. Ἡνίοχος κακῶς πέπρακται κἀπὶ τοῖς κακοῖσι πρὸς αἴσχιστα· καίτοι δὶς τόσον κακὸν τόδε· θανεῖν γὰρ εὐκλεῶς μέν, εἰ θανεῖν χρεών, λυπρὸν μὲν οἶμαι τῷ θανόντι — πῶς γὰρ οὔ; — 760τοῖς ζῶσι δʼ ὄγκος καὶ δόμων εὐδοξία. ἡμεῖς δʼ ἀβούλως κἀκλεῶς ὀλώλαμεν. ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἡμᾶς ηὔνασʼ Ἑκτόρεια χείρ, ξύνθημα λέξας, ηὕδομεν πεδοστιβεῖ κόπῳ δαμέντες, οὐδʼ ἐφρουρεῖτο στρατὸς 765φυλακαῖσι νυκτέροισιν, οὐδʼ ἐν τάξεσιν ἔκειτο τεύχη, πλῆκτρά τʼ οὐκ ἐπὶ ζυγοῖς ἵππων καθήρμοσθʼ, ὡς ἄναξ ἐπεύθετο κρατοῦντας ὑμᾶς κἀφεδρεύοντας νεῶν πρύμναισι· φαύλως δʼ ηὕδομεν πεπτωκότες. 770κἀγὼ μελούσῃ καρδίᾳ λήξας ὕπνου πώλοισι χόρτον, προσδοκῶν ἑωθινὴν ζεύξειν ἐς ἀλκήν, ἀφθόνῳ μετρῶ χερί. λεύσσω δὲ φῶτε περιπολοῦνθʼ ἡμῶν στρατὸν πυκνῆς διʼ ὄρφνης· ὡς δʼ ἐκινήθην ἐγώ, 775ἐπτηξάτην τε κἀνεχωρείτην πάλιν· ἤπυσα δʼ αὐτοῖς μὴ πελάζεσθαι στρατῷ, κλῶπας δοκήσας συμμάχων πλάθειν τινάς. οἳ δʼ οὐδέν· οὐ μὴν οὐδʼ ἐγὼ τὰ πλείονα. ηὗδον δʼ ἀπελθὼν αὖθις ἐς κοίτην πάλιν.

Chorus Leader He does not declare the disaster in riddles; no, he clearly asserts our allies’ destruction.

Charioteer A sorry deed it was, and more than that a deed most shameful; yes, it is an evil doubly bad; to die with glory, if die one must, is bitterness enough I think to him who dies—how not?— though to the living it may add dignity and honor for their house. But we have died foolishly and without glory. No sooner had great Hector given us our quarters and told us the password than we lay down to sleep upon the ground, overcome by weariness. No guard our army set to watch by night, nor were our arms set in array, nor were the whips hung ready on the horses’ yokes, for our prince was told that you were masters now, and had encamped hard on their ships; so carelessly we threw ourselves down to sleep. Now I with thoughtful mind awoke from my slumber, and with ungrudging hand measured out the horses’ feed, expecting to harness them at dawn for the fray; through the thick gloom two men I see roaming around our army. But when I roused myself they crouched low and were gone once more; and I called out to them to keep away from the army, for I thought they might be thieves from our allies. Nothing from them, so I too said no more, but came back to my couch and slept again.

Charioteer

780καί μοι καθʼ ὕπνον δόξα τις παρίσταται· ἵππους γὰρ ἃς ἔθρεψα κἀδιφρηλάτουν Ῥήσῳ παρεστώς, εἶδον, ὡς ὄναρ δοκῶν, λύκους ἐπεμβεβῶτας ἑδραίαν ῥάχιν· θείνοντε δʼ οὐρᾷ πωλικῆς ῥινοῦ τρίχα 785ἤλαυνον, αἳ δʼ ἔρρεγκον ἐξ ἀντηρίδων θυμὸν πνέουσαι κἀνεχαίτιζον φόβῳ. ἐγὼ δʼ ἀμύνων θῆρας ἐξεγείρομαι πώλοισιν· ἔννυχος γὰρ ἐξώρμα φόβος. κλύω δʼ ἐπάρας κρᾶτα μυχθισμὸν νεκρῶν. 790θερμὸς δὲ κρουνὸς δεσπότου πάρα σφαγαῖς βάλλει με δυσθνῄσκοντος αἵματος νέου. ὀρθὸς δʼ ἀνᾴσσω χειρὶ σὺν κενῇ δορός. καί μʼ ἔγχος αὐγάζοντα καὶ θηρώμενον παίει παραστὰς νεῖραν ἐς πλευρὰν ξίφει 795ἀνὴρ ἀκμάζων· φασγάνου γὰρ ᾐσθόμην πληγῆς, βαθεῖαν ἄλοκα τραύματος λαβών. πίπτω δὲ πρηνής· οἳ δʼ ὄχημα πωλικὸν λαβόντες ἵππων ἵεσαν φυγῇ πόδα. ἆ ἆ. ὀδύνη με τείρει, κοὐκέτʼ ὀρθοῦμαι τάλας. 800καὶ ξυμφορὰν μὲν οἶδʼ ὁρῶν, τρόπῳ δʼ ὅτῳ τεθνᾶσιν οἱ θανόντες οὐκ ἔχω φράσαι, οὐδʼ ἐξ ὁποίας χειρός. εἰκάσαι δέ μοι πάρεστι λυπρὰ πρὸς φίλων πεπονθέναι.

And as I slept a strange fancy came over me: those horses that I had reared and used to drive, stationed at Rhesus’ side, I saw, I thought as in a dream, with wolves mounted on their backs; and these with their tails lashed the horses’ flanks and urged them on, while they snorted and breathed fury from their nostrils, striving in terror to unseat their riders. Up I sprang to defend the horses from the brutes, for the horror of the night scared me. Then as I raised my head I heard the groans of dying men, and a warm stream of new-shed blood bespattered me, beside my murdered master as he died. To my feet I start, but all unarmed; and as I peer about and grope to find my sword, a stalwart hand from somewhere near struck me with a sword beneath the ribs. I felt the sword-thrust, the deep gaping wound it gave me. Down on my face I fell, while they fled clean away with horses and chariot. Oh, oh! Tortured with pain, too weak to stand, a piteous object! I know what happened, for I saw it; but how the victims met their death I cannot say, nor at whose hand. But I can well surmise we have our friends to thank for this grief.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.