Euripides · Rhesus Ῥῆσος

Euripides, Rhesus 882–949: Exodos: the Muse mourns her son Rhesus

The Chorus wonders why fate changes and brings Troy again to mourning, and sees the corpse of Rhesus being carried in. The Muse, his mother, appears, laments her son, and curses the son of Oeneus and the son of Laertes. She tells how she bore Rhesus by the river Strymon and gave him to the fountain nymphs to rear, and she blames Athena for his death.

Lines 882–949 · 574 words · click a number to copy its link

Chorus

882τί ποτʼ εὐτυχίας ἐκ τῆς μεγάλης Τροίαν ἀνάγει πάλιν ἐς πένθη δαίμων ἄλλος, τί φυτεύων; 885ἔα ἔα. τίς ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς θεός, ὦ βασιλεῦ, τὸν νεόκμητον νεκρὸν ἐν χειροῖν φοράδην πέμπει; ταρβῶ, λεύσσων τόδε, πῆμα.

Why does fate change and bring Troy once again to mourning after her great good fortune, planting what seeds? Oh, oh! What deity above our heads, O king, bears in her hands as on a bier the newly slain corpse? I shudder at this sight of woe.

Muse

890ὁρᾶν πάρεστι, Τρῶες· ἡ γὰρ ἐν σοφοῖς τιμὰς ἔχουσα Μοῦσα συγγόνων μία πάρειμι, παῖδα τόνδʼ ὁρῶσʼ οἰκτρῶς φίλον θανόνθʼ ὑπʼ ἐχθρῶν· ὅν ποθʼ ὁ κτείνας χρόνῳ δόλιος Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀξίαν τείσει δίκην.

Behold me, Trojans; for I, the Muse, one of the nine sisters, that have honor among the wise, I am here, having seen the piteous death his foes have dealt my darling son. Yet the crafty Odysseus, that slew him, one day hereafter shall pay a fitting penalty.

Muse

895ἰαλέμῳ αὐθιγενεῖ, τέκνον, σʼ ὀλοφύρομαι, ὦ ματρὸς ἄλγος, οἵαν ἔκελσας ὁδὸν ποτὶ Τροίαν· ἦ δυσδαίμονα καὶ μελέαν, 900ἀπομεμφομένας ἐμοῦ πορευθείς, ἀπὸ δʼ ἀντομένου πατρὸς βιαίως. ὤμοι ἐγὼ σέθεν, ὦ φιλία φιλία κεφαλά, τέκνον, ὤμοι.

O my son, your mother’s grief, I mourn for you in my native strains of woe! What a journey you made to Troy, a very path of ill-fortune and sorrow! starting, in spite of all my warnings and your father’s earnest prayers, in defiance of us. Woe to me for you, my dear, dear son! Ah, woe!

Chorus Leader

904ὅσον προσήκει μὴ γένους κοινωνίαν 905ἔχοντι λύπῃ τὸν σὸν οἰκτίρω γόνον.

As far as one can who has no common tie of kin, I bewail and mourn your son.

Muse

906ὄλοιτο μὲν Οἰνεΐδας, ὄλοιτο δὲ Λαρτιάδας, ὅς μʼ ἄπαιδα γέννας ἔθηκεν ἀριστοτόκοιο· 910ἅ θʼ Ἕλλανα λιποῦσα δόμον Φρυγίων λεχέων ἔπλευσε πλαθεῖσʼ ὑπʼ Ἰλίῳ ὤλεσε μὲν σʼ ἕκατι Τροίας, φίλτατε, μυριάδας τε πόλεις ἀνδρῶν ἀγαθῶν ἐκένωσεν.

Curses on the son of Oeneus! Curses on Laertes’ child! who has bereft me of my fair son and left me childless! and on that woman, too, that left her home in Hellas, and sailed here with her Phrygian lover, bringing death to you, my dearest, for the sake of Troy, and emptying countless cities of their brave heroes.

Muse

915ἦ πολλὰ μὲν ζῶν, πολλὰ δʼ εἰς Ἅιδου μολών, Φιλάμμονος παῖ, τῆς ἐμῆς ἥψω φρενός· ὕβρις γάρ, ἥ σʼ ἔσφηλε, καὶ Μουσῶν ἔρις τεκεῖν μʼ ἔθηκε τόνδε δύστηνον γόνον. περῶσα γὰρ δὴ ποταμίους διὰ ῥοὰς 920λέκτροις ἐπλάθην Στρυμόνος φυταλμίοις, ὅτʼ ἤλθομεν γῆς χρυσόβωλον ἐς λέπας Πάγγαιον ὀργάνοισιν ἐξησκημέναι Μοῦσαι μεγίστην εἰς ἔριν μελῳδίας κείνῳ σοφιστῇ Θρῃκί, κἀκτυφλώσαμεν 925Θάμυριν, ὃς ἡμῶν πόλλʼ ἐδέννασεν τέχνην. κἀπεὶ σὲ τίκτω, συγγόνους αἰδουμένη καὶ παρθενείαν, ἧκʼ ἐς εὐύδρου πατρὸς δίνας· τρέφειν δέ σʼ οὐ βρότειον ἐς χέρα Στρυμὼν δίδωσιν, ἀλλὰ πηγαίαις κόραις. 930ἔνθʼ ἐκτραφεὶς κάλλιστα Παρθένων ὕπο, Θρῄκης ἀνάσσων πρῶτος ἦσθʼ ἀνδρῶν, τέκνον. καί σʼ ἀμφὶ γῆν μὲν πατρίαν φιλαιμάτους ἀλκὰς κορύσσοντʼ οὐκ ἐδείμαινον θανεῖν· Τροίας δʼ ἀπηύδων ἄστυ μὴ κέλσαι ποτε, 935εἰδυῖα τὸν σὸν πότμον· ἀλλά σʼ Ἕκτορος πρεσβεύμαθʼ αἵ τε μυρίαι γερουσίαι ἔπεισαν ἐλθεῖν κἀπικουρῆσαι φίλοις. καὶ τοῦδʼ, Ἀθάνα, παντὸς αἰτία μόρου, — οὐδὲν δʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς οὐδʼ ὁ Τυδέως τόκος 940ἔδρασε δράσας — μὴ δόκει λεληθέναι. καίτοι πόλιν σὴν σύγγονοι πρεσβεύομεν Μοῦσαι μάλιστα κἀπιχρώμεθα χθονί, μυστηρίων τε τῶν ἀπορρήτων φανὰς ἔδειξεν Ὀρφεύς, αὐτανέψιος νεκροῦ 945τοῦδʼ ὃν κατακτείνεις σύ· Μουσαῖόν τε, σὸν σεμνὸν πολίτην κἀπὶ πλεῖστον ἄνδρʼ ἕνα ἐλθόντα, Φοῖβος σύγγονοί τʼ ἠσκήσαμεν. καὶ τῶνδε μισθὸν παῖδʼ ἔχουσʼ ἐν ἀγκάλαις θρηνῶ· σοφιστὴν δʼ ἄλλον οὐκ ἐπάξομαι.

Many indeed are the wounds, Thamyris, son of Philammon, that you have inflicted on my heart, in your life and in your death. Yes, for it was your pride, your own undoing, and your rivalry with the Muses that made me mother of this poor son of mine. For as I crossed the river’s streams I came too near to Strymon’s fruitful couch, that day we Muses came to the brow of Mount Pangaeus with its soil of gold, furnished forth with all our music for one great trial of minstrel skill with that clever Thracian bard; and we blinded him, Thamyris, the man who often reviled our craft. And then, when I gave birth to you, because I felt shame of my sisters and my virginity, I sent you to the swirling stream of your father, the river; and Strymon did not entrust your nurture to mortal hands, but to the fountain nymphs. There you were reared most fairly by the maiden nymphs, and you ruled over Thrace, a leader among men, my child. So long as you ranged your native land in quest of bloody deeds of prowess I did not fear for your death; but I forbade you to set out for Troy, in my knowledge of your doom; but Hector’s sages and those countless embassies persuaded you to go and help your friends. This was your doing, Athena; you alone are to blame for his death —neither Odysseus nor the son of Tydeus had anything to do with it—do not think it has escaped my eye. And yet we sister Muses do special honor to your city, your land we chiefly haunt; and those dark mysteries with their torch processions were revealed by Orpheus, cousin of this dead man whom you have slain. Musaeus, too, your holy citizen, of all men most advanced in lore, was trained by Phoebus and us, the nine sisters. And here is your reward for this; in my arms I hold my child and mourn for him. I’ll bring to you no other learned man.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.