Ovid · Heroides Heroides (Epistulae Heroidum)

Ovid, Heroides 1.1–116: Heroides 1: Penelope to Odysseus

Penelope writes to Odysseus (Ulysses), who has not returned although Troy has fallen. She recalls her fears for him during the war and says that messengers sent to Pylos and Sparta brought no news. She describes the suitors consuming his household while only Laertes, Telemachus and herself remain to resist, and urges him to come home.

Lines 1.1–116 · 1337 words · click a number to copy its link
1Haec tua Penelope lento tibi mittit, Ulixe; Nil mihi rescribas attinet: ipse veni! Troia iacet certe, Danais invisa puellis; Vix Priamus tanti totaque Troia fuit. 5O utinam tum, cum Lacedaemona classe petebat, Obrutus insanis esset adulter aquis! Non ego deserto iacuissem frigida lecto, Nec quererer tardos ire relicta dies; Nec mihi quaerenti spatiosam fallere noctem 10Lassaret viduas pendula tela manus.

This missive your Penelope sends to you, O Ulysses, slow of return that you are—yet write nothing back to me; yourself come! Troy, to be sure, is fallen, hated of the daughters of Greece; but scarcely were Priam and all Troy worth the price to me. O would that then, when his ship was on the way to Lacedaemon, the adulterous lover had been overwhelmed by raging waters! Then had I not lain cold in my deserted bed, nor would now be left alone complaining of slowly passing days; nor would the hanging web be wearying now my widowed hands as I seek to beguile the hours of spacious night.

11Quando ego non timui graviora pericula veris? Res est solliciti plena timoris amor. In te fingebam violentos Troas ituros; Nomine in Hectoreo pallida semper eram. 15Sive quis Antilochum narrabat ab hoste revictum, Antilochus nostri causa timoris erat; Sive Menoetiaden falsis cecidisse sub armis, Flebam successu posse carere dolos. Sanguine Tlepolemus Lyciam tepefecerat hastam; 20Tlepolemi leto cura novata mea est. Denique, quisquis erat castris iugulatus Achivis, Frigidius glacie pectus amantis erat.

When have I not feared dangers graver than the real? Love is a thing ever filled with anxious fear. It was upon you that my fancy ever told me the furious Trojans would rush; at mention of the name of Hector my pallor ever came. Did someone begin the tale of Antilochus laid low by the enemy, Antilochus was cause of my alarm; or, did he tell of how the son of Menoetius fell in armour not his own, I wept that wiles could lack success. Had Tlepolemus with his blood made warm the Lycian spear, in Tlepolemus’ fate was all my care renewed. In short, whoever it was in the Argive camp that was pierced and fell, colder than ice grew the heart of her who loves you.

23Sed bene consuluit casto deus aequus amori. Versa est in cineres sospite Troia viro. 25Argolici rediere duces, altaria fumant; Ponitur ad patrios barbara praeda deos. Grata ferunt nymphae pro salvis dona maritis; Illi victa suis Troica fata canunt. Mirantur iustique senes trepidaeque puellae; 30Narrantis coniunx pendet ab ore viri. Atque aliquis posita monstrat fera proelia mensa, Pingit et exiguo Pergama tota mero: 'Hac ibat Simois; haec est Sigeia tellus; Hic steterat Priami regia celsa senis. 35Illic Aeacides, illic tendebat Ulixes; Hic lacer admissos terruit Hector equos.'

But good regard for me had the god who looks with favour upon chaste love. Turned to ashes is Troy, and my lord is safe. The Argolic chieftains have returned, our altars are a-smoke; before the gods of our fathers is laid the barbarian spoil. The young wife comes bearing thank-offering for her husband saved; the husband sings of the fates of Troy that have yielded to his own. Righteous elder and trembling girl admire; the wife hangs on the tale that falls from her husband’s lips. And someone about the board shows thereon the fierce combat, and with scant tracing of wine pictures forth all Pergamum: “Here flowed the Simois; this is the Sigeian land; here stood the lofty palace of Priam the ancient. Yonder tented the son of Aeacus; yonder, Ulysses; here, in wild course went the frightened steeds with Hector’s mutilated corpse.”

37Omnia namque tuo senior te quaerere misso Rettulerat nato Nestor, at ille mihi. Rettulit et ferro Rhesumque Dolonaque caesos, 40Utque sit hic somno proditus, ille dolo. Ausus es — o nimium nimiumque oblite tuorum! — Thracia nocturno tangere castra dolo Totque simul mactare viros, adiutus ab uno! At bene cautus eras et memor ante mei! 45Usque metu micuere sinus, dum victor amicum Dictus es Ismariis isse per agmen equis.

For the whole story was told your son, whom I sent to seek you; ancient Nestor told him, and he told me. He told as well of Rhesus’ and Dolon’s fall by the sword, how the one was betrayed by slumber, the other undone by guile. You had the daring—O too, too forgetful of your own!—to set wily foot by night in the Thracian camp, and to slay so many men, all at one time, and with only one to aid! Ah yes, you were cautious, indeed, and ever gave me first thought! My heart leaped with fear at every word until I was told of your victorious riding back through the friendly lines of the Greeks with the coursers of Ismarus.

47Sed mihi quid prodest vestris disiecta lacertis Ilios et, murus quod fuit, esse solum, Si maneo, qualis Troia durante manebam, 50Virque mihi dempto fine carendus abest? Diruta sunt aliis, uni mihi Pergama restant, Incola captivo quae bove victor arat. Iam seges est, ubi Troia fuit, resecandaque falce Luxuriat Phrygio sanguine pinguis humus; 55Semisepulta virum curvis feriuntur aratris Ossa, ruinosas occulit herba domos. Victor abes, nec scire mihi, quae causa morandi, Aut in quo lateas ferreus orbe, licet!

But of what avail to me that Ilion has been scattered in ruin by your arms, and that what once was wall is now level ground—if I am still to remain such as I was while Troy endured, and must live to all time bereft of my lord? For others Pergamum has been brought low; for me alone it still stands, though the victor dwell within and drive there the plow with the ox he took as spoil. Now are fields of corn where Troy once was, and soil made fertile with Phrygian blood waves rich with harvest ready for the sickle; the half-buried bones of her heroes are struck by the curved share, and herbage hides from sight her ruined palaces. A victor, you are yet not here, nor am I let know what causes your delay, or in what part of the world hard-heartedly you hide.

59Quisquis ad haec vertit peregrinam litora puppim, 60Ille mihi de te multa rogatus abit, Quamque tibi reddat, si te modo viderit usquam, Traditur huic digitis charta notata meis. Nos Pylon, antiqui Neleia Nestoris arva, Misimus; incerta est fama remissa Pylo. 65Misimus et Sparten; Sparte quoque nescia veri. Quas habitas terras, aut ubi lentus abes? Utilius starent etiamnunc moenia Phoebi — Irascor votis, heu, levis ipsa meis! Scirem ubi pugnares, et tantum bella timerem, 70Et mea cum multis iuncta querela foret. Quid timeam, ignoro — timeo tamen omnia demens, Et patet in curas area lata meas. Quaecumque aequor habet, quaecumque pericula tellus, Tam longae causas suspicor esse morae. 75Haec ego dum stulte metuo, quae vestra libido est, Esse peregrino captus amore potes. Forsitan et narres, quam sit tibi rustica coniunx, Quae tantum lanas non sinat esse rudes. Fallar, et hoc crimen tenues vanescat in auras, 80Neve, revertendi liber, abesse velis!

Whoso turns to these shores of ours his stranger ship is plied with many a question ere he go away, and into his hand is given the sheet writ by these fingers of mine, to render up should he but see you anywhere. We have sent to Pylos, the land of ancient Nestor, Neleus’ son; the word brought back from Pylos was nothing sure. We have sent to Sparta, too; Sparta also could tell us nothing true. In what lands are you abiding, or where do you idly tarry? Better for me, were the walls of Phoebus still standing in their place—ah me inconstant, I am wroth with the vows myself have made! Had they not fallen, I should know where you were fighting, and have only war to fear, and my plaint would be joined with that of many another. But now, what I am to fear I know not—yet none the less I fear all things, distraught, and wide is the field lies open for my cares. Whatever dangers the deep contains, whatever the land, suspicion tells me are cause of your long delay. While I live on in foolish fear of things like these, you may be captive to a stranger love—such are the hearts of you men! It may be you even tell how rustic a wife you have—one fit only to dress fine the wool. May I be mistaken, and this charge of mine be found slight as the breeze that blows, and may it not be that, free to return, you will to be away!

81Me pater Icarius viduo discedere lecto Cogit et immensas increpat usque moras. Increpet usque licet — tua sum, tua dicar oportet; Penelope coniunx semper Ulixis ero. 85Ille tamen pietate mea precibusque pudicis Frangitur et vires temperat ipse suas. Dulichii Samiique et quos tulit alta Zacynthos, Turba ruunt in me luxuriosa proci, Inque tua regnant nullis prohibentibus aula; 90Viscera nostra, tuae dilacerantur opes. Quid tibi Pisandrum Polybumque Medontaque dirum Eurymachique avidas Antinoique manus Atque alios referam, quos omnis turpiter absens Ipse tuo partis sanguine rebus alis? 95Irus egens pecorisque Melanthius actor edendi Ultimus accedunt in tua damna pudor.

As for me—my father Icarius enjoins on me to quit my widowed couch, and ever chides me for my measureless delay. Let him chide on—yours I am, yours must I be called; Penelope, the wife of Ulysses, ever shall I be. Yet is he bent by my faithfulness and my chaste prayers, and of himself abates his urgency. The men of Dulichium and Samos, and they whom high Zacynthus bore—a wanton throng—come pressing about me, suing for my hand. In your own hall they are masters, with none to say them nay; my heart is being torn, your substance spoiled. Why tell you of Pisander, and of Polybus, and of Medon the cruel, and of the grasping hands of Eurymachus and Antinous, and of others, all of whom through shameful absence you yourself are feeding fat with store that was won at cost of your blood? Irus the beggar, and Melanthius, who drives in your flocks to be consumed, are the crowning disgrace now added to your ruin.

97Tres sumus inbelles numero, sine viribus uxor Laertesque senex Telemachusque puer. Ille per insidias paene est mihi nuper ademptus, 100Dum parat invitis omnibus ire Pylon. Di, precor, hoc iubeant, ut euntibus ordine fatis Ille meos oculos conprimat, ille tuos! Hac faciunt custosque boum longaevaque nutrix, Tertius inmundae cura fidelis harae; 105Sed neque Laertes, ut qui sit inutilis armis, Hostibus in mediis regna tenere potest — Telemacho veniet, vivat modo, fortior aetas; Nunc erat auxiliis illa tuenda patris — Nec mihi sunt vires inimicos pellere tectis. 110Tu citius venias, portus et ara tuis! Est tibi sitque, precor, natus, qui mollibus annis In patrias artes erudiendus erat. Respice Laerten; ut tu sua lumina condas, Extremum fati sustinet ille diem.

We number only three, unused to war—a powerless wife; Laertes, an old man; Telemachus, a boy. He was of late all but waylaid and taken from me, while making ready, against the will of all of them, to go to Pylos. The gods grant, I pray, that our fated ends may come in due succession—that he be the one to close my eyes, the one to close yours! To sustain our cause are the guardian of your cattle and the ancient nurse, and, as a third, the faithful ward of the unclean stye; but neither Laertes, unable as he is to wield arms now, can sway the sceptre in the midst of our foes—Telemachus, indeed, so he live on, will arrive at years of strength, but now should have his father’s aid and guarding—nor have I strength to repel the enemy from our halls. Do you yourself make haste to come, haven and altar of safety for your own! You have a son—and may you have him ever, is my prayer—who in his tender years should have been trained by you in his father’s ways. Have regard for Laertes; in the hope that you will come at last to close his eyes, he is withstanding the final day of fate.

115Certe ego, quae fueram te discedente puella, Protinus ut venias, facta videbor anus.

As for myself, who when you left my side was but a girl, though you should come straightway, I surely shall seem grown an aged dame.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Grant Showerman (1914). Original text: Rudolf Ehwald (ed.), P. Ovidius Naso, vol. 1, Leipzig: Teubner, 1907 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Grant Showerman, Ovid: Heroides and Amores, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Latin text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.