Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 9.1–122: Iris rouses Turnus; the ships become nymphs

Hera (Juno) sends Iris to tell Turnus that Aeneas has left his camp, and Turnus leads his army against the Trojan walls. The Trojans obey the orders of Aeneas and stay inside, so Turnus tries to burn their ships. The poet recalls that Cybele had asked Zeus (Jupiter) to protect the ships built from her pines, and he promised to turn them into sea nymphs. As the fire comes, her voice sounds, and the ships break loose and become sea goddesses.

Lines 9.1–122 · 1221 words · click a number to copy its link
1Atque ea diversa penitus dum parte geruntur, Irim de caelo misit Saturnia Iuno audacem ad Turnum. Luco tum forte parentis Pilumni Turnus sacrata valle sedebat. 5Ad quem sic roseo Thaumantias ore locuta est: Turne, quod optanti divom promittere nemo auderet, volvenda dies en attulit ultro. Aeneas urbe et sociis et classe relicta sceptra Palatini sedemque petit Euandri. 10Nec satis: extremas Corythi penetravit ad urbes Lydorumque manum collectos armat agrestis. Quid dubitas? Nunc tempus equos, nunc poscere currus. Rumpe moras omnis et turbata arripe castra. Dixit et in caelum paribus se sustulit alis 15ingentemque fuga secuit sub nubibus arcum. Adgnovit iuvenis duplicisque ad sidera palmas sustulit ac tali fugientem est voce secutus: Iri, decus caeli, quis te mihi nubibus actam detulit in terras? Unde haec tam clara repente 20tempestas? Medium video discedere caelum palantisque polo stellas. Sequor omina tanta, quisquis in arma vocas. Et sic effatus ad undam processit summoque hausit de gurgite lymphas, multa deos orans, oneravitque aethera votis.

While thus in distant region moves the war,
down to bold Turnus Saturn's daughter sends
celestial Iris. In a sacred vale,
the seat of worship at his grandsire's tomb,
Pilumnus, Faunus' son, the hero mused.
And thus the wonder-child of Thaumas called
with lips of rose: “O Turnus, what no god
dared give for reward of thy fondest vow,
has come unbidden on its destined day.
Behold, Aeneas, who has left behind
the city with his fleet and followers,
is gone to kingly Palatine, the home
of good Evander. Yea, his march invades
the far Etrurian towns, where now he arms
the Lydian rustics. Wilt thou longer muse?
Call for thy chariot and steeds! Away!
Take yonder tents by terror and surprise!”
She spoke; and heavenward on poising wings
soared, cleaving as she fled from cloud to cloud
a vast, resplendent bow. The warrior saw,
and, lifting both his hands, pursued with prayer
the fading glory: “Beauteous Iris, hail!
Proud ornament of heaven! who sent thee here
across yon cloud to earth, and unto me?
Whence may this sudden brightness fall? I see
the middle welkin lift, and many a star,
far-wandering in the sky. Such solemn sign
I shall obey, and thee, O god unknown!”
So saying, he turned him to a sacred stream,
took water from its brim, and offered Heaven
much prayer, with many an importuning vow.

25Iamque omnis campis exercitus ibat apertis, dives equum, dives pictaï vestis et auri; Messapus primas acies, postrema coercent Tyrrhidae iuvenes, medio dux agmine Turnus, 30Ceu septem surgens sedatis amnibus altus per tacitum Ganges aut pingui flumine Nilus cum refluit campis et iam se condidit alveo. Hic subitam nigro glomerari pulvere nubem prospiciunt Teucri ac tenebras insurgere campis. 35Primus ab adversa conclamat mole Caicus: Quis globus, o cives, caligine volvitur atra? Ferte citi ferrum, date tela, ascendite muros, hostis adest, heia! Ingenti clamore per omnis condunt se Teucri portas et moenia complent. 40Namque ita discedens praeceperat optumus armis Aeneas: siqua interea fortuna fuisset, neu struere auderent aciem neu credere campo; castra modo et tutos servarent aggere muros. Ergo etsi conferre manum pudor iraque monstrat, 45obiciunt portas tamen et praecepta facessunt armatique cavis expectant turribus hostem.

Soon o'er the spreading fields in proud array
the gathered legions poured; no lack was there
of steeds all fire, and broidered pomp and gold.
Messapus led the van; in rearguard rode
the sons of Tyrrheus; kingly Turnus towered
from the mid-column eminent: the host
moved as great Ganges lifting silently
his seven peaceful streams, or when the flood
of fructifying Nile from many a field
back to his channel flows. A swift-blown cloud
of black, uprolling dust the Teucrians see
o'ershadowing the plain; Calcus calls
from lofty outpost: “O my countrymen,
I see a huge, black ball of rolling smoke.
Your swords and lances! Man the walls! To arms!
The foe is here! What ho!” With clamors loud
the Teucrians through the city-gates retire,
and muster on the walls. For, wise in war,
Aeneas, ere he went, had left command
they should not range in battle-line, nor dare,
whate'er might hap, to risk in open plain
the bold sortie, but keep them safe entrenched
in mounded walls. So now, though rage and shame
prick to a close fight, they defensive bar
each portal strong, and, patient of control,
from hollow towers expect th' encircling foe.

47Turnus ut ante volans tardum praecesserat agmen viginti lectis equitum comitatus, et urbi improvisus adest; maculis quem Thracius albis 50portat equus cristaque tegit galea aurea rubra. Ecquis erit, mecum, iuvenes, qui primus in hostem? En, ait et iaculum attorquens emittit in auras, principium pugnae, et campo sese arduus infert. Clamore excipiunt socii fremituque sequuntur 55horrisono: Teucrum mirantur inertia corda, non aequo dare se campo, non obvia ferre arma viros, sed castra fovere. Huc turbidus atque huc lustrat equo muros aditumque per avia quaerit. Ac veluti pleno lupus insidiatus ovili 60cum fremit ad caulas, ventos perpessus et imbris, nocte super media; tuti sub matribus agni balatum exercent, ille asper et improbus ira saevit in absentis, collecta fatigat edendi ex longo rabies et siccae sanguine fauces: 65haud aliter Rutulo muros et castra tuenti ignescunt irae, duris dolor ossibus ardet.

Turnus, at full speed, had outridden far
his laggard host, and, leading in his train
a score of chosen knights, dashed into view
hard by the walls. A barb of Thracian breed
dappled with white he rode; a crimson plume
flamed over his golden helmet. “Who,” he cries,
“Is foremost at the foe? Who follows me?
Behold!” And, with the word, he hurled in air
a javelin, provoking instant war:
and, towering from his horse, charged o'er the field.
With answering shout his men-at-arms pursue,
and war-cries terrible. They laugh to scorn
“the craven hearts of Troy, that cannot give
fair, equal vantage, matching man to man,
but cuddle into camp.” This way and that
Turnus careers, and stormily surveys
the frowning rampart, and where way is none
some entering breach would find: so prowls a wolf
nigh the full sheepfold, and through wind and rain
stands howling at the postern all night long;
beneath the ewes their bleating lambs lie safe;
but he, with undesisting fury, more
rages from far, made frantic for his prey
by hunger of long hours, his foaming jaws
athirst for blood: not less the envy burned
of the Rutulian, as he scanned in vain
the stronghold of his foe. Indignant scorn
thrilled all his iron frame.

67Qua temptet ratione aditus et quae via clausos excutiat Teucros vallo atque effundat in aequum? Classem, quae lateri castrorum adiuncta latebat, 70aggeribus saeptam circum et fluvialibus undis, invadit sociosque incendia poscit ovantis atque manum pinu flagranti fervidus implet. Tum vero incumbunt, urget praesentia Turni, atque omnis facibus pubes accingitur atris. 75Diripuere focos; piceum fert fumida lumen taeda et commixtam Volcanus ad astra favillam. Quis deus, o musae, tam saeva incendia Teucris avertit? Tantos ratibus quis depulit ignes? Dicite. Prisca fides facto, sed fama perennis. 80Tempore quo primum Phrygia formabat in Ida Aeneas classem et pelagi petere alta parabat, ipsa deum fertur genetrix Berecyntia magnum vocibus his adfata Iovem: Da, nate, petenti, quod tua cara parens domito te poscit Olympo.

But how contrive
to storm the fortress or by force expel
the Trojans from the rampart, and disperse
along the plain? Straightway he spied the ships,
in hiding near the camp, defended well
by mounded river-bank and fleeting wave.
On these he fell; while his exultant crew
brought firebrands, and he with heart aflame
grasped with a vengeful hand the blazing pine.
To the wild work his followers sped; for who
could prove him craven under Turnus' eye?
The whole troop for the weapon of their rage
seized smoking coals, of many a hearth the spoil;
red glare of fuming torches burned abroad,
and Vulcan starward flung a sparkling cloud.
What god, O Muses, saved the Trojans then
from wrathful flame? Who shielded then the fleet,
I pray you tell, from bursting storm of fire?
From hoary eld the tale, but its renown
sings on forever. When Aeneas first
on Phrygian Ida hewed the sacred wood
for rib and spar, and soon would put to sea,
that mighty mother of the gods, they say,
the Berecynthian goddess, thus to Jove
addressed her plea: “Grant, O my son, a boon,
which thy dear mother asks, who aided thee
to quell Olympian war. A grove I have
of sacred pine, long-loved from year to year.

86lucus in arce fuit summa, quo sacra ferebant, nigranti picea trabibusque obscurus acernis: has ego Dardanio iuveni, cum classis egeret, laeta dedi; nunc sollicitam timor anxius angit. 90Solve metus atque hoc precibus sine posse parentem: ne cursu quassatae ullo neu turbine venti vincantur, prosit nostris in montibus ortas. Filius huic contra, torquet qui sidera mundi: O genetrix, quo fata vocas, aut quid petis istis? 95Mortaline manu factae immortale carinae fas habeant certusque incerta pericula lustret Aeneas? Cui tanta deo permissa potestas? Immo ubi defunctae finem portusque tenebunt Ausonios olim, quaecumque evaserit undis 100Dardaniumque ducem Laurentia vexerit arva, mortalem eripiam formam magnique iubebo aequoris esse deas, qualis Nereia Doto et Galatea secant spumantem pectore pontum. Dixerat idque ratum Stygii per flumina fratris, 105per pice torrentis atraque voragine ripas adnuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum.

On lofty hill it grew, and thither came
my worshippers with gifts, in secret gloom
of pine-trees dark and shadowing maple-boughs.;
these on the Dardan warrior at his need
I, not unwilling, for his fleet bestowed.
But I have fears. O, Iet a parent's prayer
in this prevail, and bid my care begone!
Let not rude voyages nor the shock of storm
my ships subdue, but let their sacred birth
on my charmed hills their strength and safety be!”
Then spake her son, who guides the wheeling spheres:
“Wouldst thou, my mother, strive to oversway
the course of Fate? What means this prayer of thine?
Can it be granted ships of mortal mould
to wear immortal being? Wouldst thou see
Aeneas pass undoubting and secure
through doubtful strait and peril? On what god
was e'er such power bestowed? Yet will I grant
a different boon. Whatever ships shall find
a safe Ausonian haven, and convey
safe through the seas to yon Laurentian plain
the Dardan King, from such I will remove
their perishable shapes, and bid them be
sea-nymphs divine, like Nereus' daughters fair,
Doto and Galatea, whose white breasts
divide the foaming wave.” He said, and swore
by his Tartarean brother's mournful stream,
the pitch-black floods and dark engulfing shore
of Styx; then great Jove bowed his head, and all
Olympus quaked at his consenting brow.

107Ergo aderat promissa dies et tempora Parcae debita complerant, cum Turni iniuria Matrem admonuit ratibus sacris depellere taedas. 110Hic primum nova lux oculis offulsit et ingens visus ab Aurora caelum transcurrere nimbus Idaeique chori; tum vox horrenda per auras excidit et Troum Rutulorumque agmina complet: Ne trepidate meas, Teucri, defendere navis 115neve armate manus: maria ante exurere Turno quam sacras dabitur pinus. Vos ite solutae, ite deae pelagi: genetrix iubet. Et sua quaeque continuo puppes abrumpunt vincula ripis delphinumque modo demersis aequora rostris 120ima petunt. Hinc virgineae (mirabile monstrum) quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae reddunt se totidem facies pontoque feruntur.

Now was the promised day at hand (for Fate
had woven the web so far) when Turnus' rage
stirred the divine progenitress to save
her sacred ships from fire. Then sudden shone
a strange effulgence in the eastern air;
and in a storm-cloud wafted o'er the sky
were Corybantic choirs, whose dreadful song
smote both on Teucrian and Rutulian ear:
“O Teucrians, fear not for the sure defence
of all the ships, nor arm your mortal hands.
Yon impious Turnus shall burn up the seas
before my pine-trees blest. Arise! Be free,
ye goddesses of ocean, and obey
your mother's mighty word.” Then instant broke
the hawsers of the sterns; the beaked prows
went plunging like great dolphins from the shore
down to the deeps, and, wonderful to tell,
the forms of virgin goddesses uprose,
one for each ship, and seaward sped away.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.