Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 7.572–640: Latinus withdraws; the Gates of War

The shepherds carry the dead Almo and Galaesus to the town, and Turnus adds to the anger of the crowd. The people demand war against the wishes of Latinus, who stands firm like a rock, then laments and withdraws from ruling. Custom requires the king to open the Gates of War, and Latinus refuses. Hera (Juno) herself swings the gates open, and the Italian towns arm for war.

Lines 7.572–640 · 691 words · click a number to copy its link
572Nec minus interea extremam Saturnia bello imponit regina manum. Ruit omnis in urbem pastorum ex acie numerus caesosque reportant 575Almonem puerum foedatique ora Galaesi implorantque deos obtestanturque Latinum. Turnus adest medioque in crimine caedis et igni terrorem ingeminat: Teucros in regna vocari, stirpem admisceri Phrygiam, se limine pelli. 580Tum quorum attonitae Baccho nemora avia matres insultant thiasis (neque enim leve nomen Amatae), undique collecti coeunt Martemque fatigant. Ilicet infandum cuncti contra omina bellum, contra fata deum perverso numine poscunt, 585certatim regis circumstant tecta Latini. Ille velut pelagi rupes immota resistit, ut pelagi rupes magno veniente fragore, quae sese multis circum latrantibus undis mole tenet; scopuli nequiquam et spumea circum 590saxa fremunt laterique inlisa refunditur alga.

Forthwith the sovereign hands of Juno haste
to consummate the war. The shepherds bear
back from the field of battle to the town
the bodies of the slain: young Almo's corse
and gray Galaesus' bleeding head. They call
just gods in heaven to Iook upon their wrong,
and bid Latinus see it. Turnus comes,
and, while the angry mob surveys the slain,
adds fury to the hour. “Shall the land
have Trojan lords? Shall Phrygian marriages
debase our ancient, royal blood—and I
be spurned upon the threshold?” Then drew near
the men whose frenzied women-folk had held
bacchantic orgies in the pathless grove,
awed by Amata's name: these, gathering,
sued loud for war. Yea, all defied the signs
and venerable omens; all withstood
divine decrees, and clamored for revenge,
prompted by evil powers. They besieged
the house of King Latinus, shouting-loud
with emulous rage. But like a sea-girt rock
unmoved he stood; like sea-girt rock when surge
of waters o'er it sweeps, or howling waves
surround; it keeps a ponderous front of power,
though foaming cliffs around it vainly roar;
from its firm base the broken sea-weeds fall.

591Verum ubi nulla datur caecum exsuperare potestas consilium et saevae nutu Iunonis eunt res, multa deos aurasque pater testatus inanis: Frangimur heu fatis, inquit, ferimurque procella! 595Ipsi has sacrilego pendetis sanguine poenas, O miseri. Te, Turne, nefas, te triste manebit supplicium, votisque deos venerabere seris. Nam mihi parta quies, omnisque in limine portus; funere felici spolior. Nec plura locutus 600saepsit se tectis rerumque reliquit habenas. Mos erat Hesperio in Latio, quem protinus urbes Albanae coluere sacrum nunc maxima rerum Roma colit, cum prima movent in proelia Martem, sive Getis inferre manu lacrimabile bellum 605Hyrcanisve Arabisve parant seu tendere ad Indos Auroramque sequi Parthosque reposcere signa. Sunt geminae belli portae (sic nomine dicunt) religione sacrae et saevi formidine Martis;

But when authority no whit could change
their counsels blind, and each event fulfilled
dread Juno's will, then with complaining prayer
the aged sire cried loud upon his gods
and on th' unheeding air: “Alas,” said he,
“My doom is shipwreck, and the tempest bears
my bark away! O wretches, your own blood
shall pay the forfeit for your impious crime.
O Turnus! O abominable deed!
Avenging woes pursue thee; to deaf gods
thy late and unavailing prayer shall rise.
Now was my time to rest. But as I come
close to my journey's end, thou spoilest me
of comfort in my death.” With this the King
fled to his house and ceased his realm to guide.
A sacred custom the Hesperian land
of Latium knew, by all the Alban hills
honored unbroken, which wide-ruling Rome
keeps to this day, when to new stroke she stirs
the might of Mars; if on the Danube's wave
resolved to fling the mournful doom of war,
or on the Caspian folk or Arabs wild;
or chase the morning far as India's verge,
Ind from the Parthian despot wrest away
our banners Iost.

609centum aerei claudunt vectes aeternaque ferri 610robora, nec custos absistit limine Ianus: has, ubi certa sedet patribus sententia pugnae, ipse Quirinali trabea cinctuque Gabino insignis reserat stridentia limina consul, ipse vocat pugnas; sequitur tum cetera pubes, 615aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco. Hoc et tum Aeneadis indicere bella Latinus more iubebatur tristisque recludere portas. Abstinuit tactu pater aversusque refugit foeda ministeria et caecis se condidit umbris. 620Tum regina deum caelo delapsa morantis impulit ipsa manu portas, et cardine verso belli ferratos rumpit Saturnia postes. Ardet inexcita Ausonia atque immobilis ante; Pars pedes ire parat campis, pars arduus altis 625pulverulentus equis furit; omnes arma requirunt. Pars levis clipeos et spicula lucida tergent arvina pingui subiguntque in cote secures; signaque ferre iuvat sonitusque audire tubarum. Quinque adeo magnae positis incudibus urbes 630tela novant, Atina potens Tiburque superbum, Ardea Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae. Tegmina tuta cavant capitum flectuntque salignas umbonum cratis; alii thoracas aenos aut levis ocreas lento ducunt argento; 635vomeris huc et falcis honos, huc omnis aratri cessit amor; recoquunt patrios fornacibus enses. Classica iamque sonant; it bello tessera signum. Hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit, ille frementis ad iuga cogit equos clipeumque auroque trilicem 640loricam induitur fidoque accingitur ense.

Twin Gates of War there be,
of fearful name, to Mars' fierce godhead vowed:
a hundred brass bars shut them, and the strength
of uncorrupting steel; in sleepless watch
Janus the threshold keeps. 'T is here, what time
the senate's voice is war, the consul grave
in Gabine cincture and Quirinal shift
himself the griding hinges backward moves,
and bids the Romans arm; obedient then
the legionary host makes loud acclaim,
and hoarse consent the brazen trumpets blow.
Thus King Latinus on the sons of Troy
was urged to open war, and backward roll
those gates of sorrow: but the aged king
recoiled, refused the loathsome task, and fled
to solitary shades. Then from the skies
the Queen of gods stooped down, and her sole hand
the lingering portal moved; Saturnia
swung on their hinges the barred gates of war.
Ausonia from its old tranquillity
bursts forth in flame. Foot-soldiers through the field
run to and fro; and mounted on tall steeds
the cavaliers in clouds of dust whirl by.
All arm in haste. Some oil the glittering shield
or javelin bright, or on the whetstone wear
good axes to an edge, while joyful bands
uplift the standards or the trumpets blow.
Five mighty cities to their anvils bring
new-tempered arms: Atina—martial name —
proud Tibur, Ardea, Crustumium,
and river-walled Antemnae, crowned with towers
strong hollow helmets on their brows they draw
and weave them willow-shields; or melt and mould
corselets of brass or shining silver greaves;
none now for pruning-hook or sacred plough
have love or care: but old, ancestral swords
for hardier tempering to the smith they bring.
Now peals the clarion; through the legions pass
the watchwords: the impatient yeoman takes
his helmet from the idle roof-tree hung;
while to his chariot the master yokes
the mettled war-horse, dons a shining shield
and golden mail, and buckles his good sword.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.