Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 9.176–313: Nisus and Euryalus: the plan

Nisus and Euryalus, close friends, stand guard at the gate, and Nisus proposes to slip through the enemy camp to reach Aeneas at Pallanteum, with Euryalus insisting on going too. They put the plan to the Trojan leaders, and Aletes praises them. Ascanius (Iulus) promises rich gifts, and Euryalus asks him to care for his mother, who has not been told. Ascanius swears to treat her as his own, and the two set out.

Lines 9.176–313 · 1507 words · click a number to copy its link
176Nisus erat portae custos, acerrimus armis, Hyrtacides, comitem Aeneae quem miserat Ida venatrix iaculo celerem levibusque sagittis; it iuxta comes Euryalus, quo pulchrior alter 180non fuit Aeneadum Troiana neque induit arma, ora puer prima signans intonsa iuventa. His amor unus erat, pariterque in bella ruebant: tum quoque communi portam statione tenebant. Nisus ait: Dine hunc ardorem mentibus addunt, 185Euryale, an sua cuique deus fit dira cupido? Aut pugnam aut aliquid iamdudum invadere magnum mens agitat mihi nec placida contenta quietest. Cernis, quae Rutulos habeat fiducia rerum. Lumina rara micant; somno vinoque soluti 190procubuere; silent late loca: percipe porro, quid dubitem et quae nunc animo sententia surgat. Aenean acciri omnes, populusque patresque, exposcunt mittique viros, qui certa reportent. Si tibi quae posco promittunt (nam mihi facti 195fama sat est), tumulo videor reperire sub illo posse viam ad muros et moenia Pallantea.

Nisus kept sentry at the gate: a youth
of eager heart for noble deeds, the son
of Hyrtacus, whom in Aeneas' train
Ida the huntress sent; swift could he speed
the spear or light-winged arrow to its aim.
Beside him was Euryalus, his friend:
of all th' Aeneadae no youth more fair
wore Trojan arms; upon his cheek unshorn
the tender bloom of boyhood lingered still.
Their loving hearts were one, and oft in war
they battled side by side, as in that hour
a common sentry at the gate they shared.
Said Nisus: “Is it gods above that breathe
this fever in my soul, Euryalus?
Or is the tyrant passion of each breast
the god it serves? Me now my urgent mind
to battles or some mighty deed impels,
and will not give me rest. Look yonder, where
the Rutuli in dull security
the siege maintain. Yet are their lights but few.
They are asleep or drunk, and in their line
is many a silent space. O, hear my thought,
and what my heart is pondering. To recall
Aeneas is the dearest wish to-night
of all, both high and low. They need true men
to find him and bring tidings. If our chiefs
but grant me leave to do the thing I ask
(Claiming no reward save what honor gives),
methinks I could search out by yonder hill
a path to Pallanteum.” The amazed
Euryalus, flushed warm with eager love
for deeds of glory, instantly replied
to his high-hearted friend: “Dost thou refuse,
my Nisus, to go with me hand in hand
when mighty deeds are done?

197Obstipuit magno laudum percussus amore Euryalus; simul his ardentem adfatur amicum: Mene igitur socium summis adiungere rebus, 200Nise, fugis? Solum te in tanta pericula mittam? Non ita me genitor, bellis adsuetus Opheltes, Argolicum terrorem inter Troiaeque labores sublatum erudiit, nec tecum talia gessi, magnanimum Aenean et fata extrema secutus: 205est hic, est animus lucis contemptor et istum qui vita bene credat emi, quo tendis, honorem. Nisus ad haec: Equidem de te nil tale verebar nec fas, non, ita me referat tibi magnus ovantem Iuppiter aut quicumque oculis haec aspicit aequis. 210Sed siquis, quae multa vides discrimine tali, siquis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve, te superesse velim; tua vita dignior aetas. Sit qui me raptum pugna pretiove redemptum mandet humo solita aut siqua id Fortuna vetabit, 215absenti ferat inferias decoretque sepulchro.

Could I behold
thee venturing alone on danger? Nay!
Not thus my sire Opheltes, schooled in war,
taught me his true child, 'mid the woes of Troy
and Argive terrors reared; not thus with thee
have I proved craven, since we twain were leal
to great Aeneas, sharing all his doom.
In this breast also is a heart which knows
contempt of life, and deems such deeds, such praise,
well worth a glorious death.” Nisus to him:
“I have not doubted thee, nor e'er could have
one thought disloyal. May almighty Jove,
or whatsoe'er good power my purpose sees,
bring me triumphant to thy arms once more!
But if, as oft in doubtful deeds befalls,
some stroke of chance, or will divine, should turn
to adverse, 't is my fondest prayer that thou
shouldst live the longer of us twain. Thy years
suit better with more life. Oh! let there be
one mourner true to carry to its grave
my corpse, recaptured in the desperate fray,
or ransomed for a price. Or if this boon
should be—'t is Fortune's common way—refused,
then pay the debt of grief and loyal woe
unto my far-off dust, and garlands leave
upon an empty tomb.

216Neu matri miserae tanti sim causa doloris, quae te sola, puer, multis e matribus ausa persequitur magni nec moenia curat Acestae, Ille autem: Causas nequiquam nectis inanis, 220nec mea iam mutata loco sententia cedit: adceleremus, ait. Vigiles simul excitat, illi succedunt servantque vices: statione relicta ipse comes Niso graditur, regemque requirunt. Cetera per terras omnis animalia somno 225laxabant curas et corda oblita laborum: ductores Teucrum primi et delecta iuventus consilium summis regni de rebus habebant, quid facerent quisve Aeneae iam nuntius esset. Stant longis adnixi hastis, et scuta tenentes, 230castrorum et campi medio. Tum Nisus et una Euryalus confestim alacres admittier orant: rem magnam, pretiumque morae fore. Primus Iulus accepit trepidos ac Nisum dicere iussit.

No grief I give
to any sorrowing mother; one alone,
of many Trojan mothers, had the heart
to follow thee, her child, and would not stay
in great Acestes' land.” His friend replied:
“Thou weavest but a web of empty words
and reasons vain, nor dost thou shake at all
my heart's resolve. Come, let us haste away!”
He answered so, and summoned to the gate
a neighboring watch, who, bringing prompt relief,
the sentry-station took; then quitted he
his post assigned; at Nisus' side he strode,
and both impatient sped them to the King.
Now in all lands all creatures that have breath
lulled care in slumber, and each heart forgot
its load of toil and pain. But they who led
the Teucrian cause, with all their chosen brave,
took counsel in the kingdom's hour of need
what action to command or whom dispatch
with tidings to Aeneas. In mid-camp
on long spears leaning and with ready shield
to leftward slung, th' assembled warriors stood.
Thither in haste arrived the noble pair,
brave Nisus with Euryalus his friend,
and craved a hearing, for their suit, they said,
was urgent and well-worth a patient ear.

234Tum sic Hyrtacides: Audite O mentibus aequis, 235Aeneadae, neve haec nostris spectentur ab annis, quae ferimus. Rutuli somno vinoque soluti conticuere; locum insidiis conspeximus ipsi, qui patet in bivio portae, quae proxuma ponto; interrupti ignes, aterque ad sidera fumus 240erigitur: si fortuna permittitis uti quaesitum Aenean et moenia Pallantea, mox hic cum spoliis ingenti caede peracta adfore cernetis. Nec nos via fallit euntis: vidimus obscuris primam sub vallibus urbem 245venatu adsiduo et totum cognovimus amnem. Hic annis gravis atque animi maturus Aletes: Di patrii, quorum semper sub numine Troia est, non tamen omnino Teucros delere paratis, cum talis animos iuvenum et tam certa tulistis 250pectora. Sic memorans umeros dextrasque tenebat amborum et voltum lacrimis atque ora rigabat.

Iulus to the anxious striplings gave
a friendly welcome, bidding Nisus speak.
The son of Hyrtacus obeyed: “O, hear,
Princes of Teucria, with impartial mind,
nor judge by our unseasoned youth the worth
of what we bring. Yon Rutule watch is now
in drunken sleep, and all is silent there.
With our own eyes we picked out a good place
to steal a march, that cross-road by the gate
close-fronting on the bridge. Their lines of fire
are broken, and a murky, rolling smoke
fills all the region. If ye grant us leave
by this good luck to profit, we will find
Aeneas and the walls of Palatine,
and after mighty slaughter and huge spoil
ye soon shall see us back. Nor need ye fear
we wander from the way. Oft have we seen
that city's crest loom o'er the shadowy vales,
where we have hunted all day long and know
each winding of yon river.” Then uprose
aged Aletes, crowned with wisdom's years:
“Gods of our fathers, who forevermore
watch over Troy, ye surely had no mind
to blot out Teucria's name, when ye bestowed
such courage on young hearts, and bade them be
so steadfast and so leal.”

252Quae vobis, quae digna, viri, pro laudibus istis praemia posse rear solvi? Pulcherrima primum di moresque dabunt vestri; tum cetera reddet 255actutum pius Aeneas atque integer aevi Ascanius, meriti tanti non immemor umquam. Immo ego vos, cui sola salus genitore reducto, excipit Ascanius, per magnos, Nise, penatis Assaracique larem et canae penetralia Vestae 260obtestor; quaecumque mihi fortuna fidesque est, in vestris pono gremiis: revocate parentem, reddite conspectum; nihil illo triste recepto. Bina dabo argento perfecta atque aspera signis pocula, devicta genitor quae cepit Arisba, 265et tripodas geminos, auri duo magna talenta, cratera antiquum, quem dat Sidonia Dido. Si vero capere Italiam sceptrisque potiri contigerit victori et praedae dicere sortem, vidisti quo Turnus equo, quibus ibat in armis 270aureus: ipsum illum, clipeum cristasque rubentis excipiam sorti, iam nunc tua praemia, Nise.

Joyful he clasped
their hands in his, and on their shoulders leaned,
his aged cheek and visage wet with tears.
“What reward worthy of such actions fair,
dear heroes, could be given? Your brightest prize
will come from Heaven and your own hearts. The rest
Aeneas will right soon bestow; nor will
Ascanius, now in youth's unblemished prime,
ever forget your praise.” Forthwith replied
Aeneas' son, “By all our household gods,
by great Assaracus, and every shrine
of venerable Vesta, I confide
my hopes, my fortunes, and all future weal
to your heroic hearts. O, bring me back
my father! Set him in these eyes once more!
That day will tears be dry; and I will give
two silver wine-cups graven and o'erlaid
with clear-cut figures, which my father chose
out of despoiled Arisbe; also two
full talents of pure gold, and tripods twain,
and ancient wine-bowl, Tyrian Dido's token.
But if indeed our destiny shall be
to vanquish Italy in prosperous war,
to seize the sceptre and divide the spoil, —
saw you that steed of Turnus and the arms
in which he rode, all golden?

272Praeterea bis sex genitor lectissima matrum corpora captivosque dabit suaque omnibus arma, insuper his campi quod rex habet ipse Latinus. 275Te vero, mea quem spatiis propioribus aetas insequitur, venerande puer, iam pectore toto accipio et comitem casus complector in omnis. Nulla meis sine te quaeretur gloria rebus; seu pacem seu bella geram, tibi maxima rerum 280verborumque fides. Contra quem talia fatur Euryalus: Me nulla dies tam fortibus ausis dissimilem arguerit; tantum, fortuna secunda aut adversa cadat. Sed te super omnia dona unum oro, genetrix Priami de gente vetusta 285est mihi, quam miseram tenuit non Ilia tellus mecum excedentem, non moenia regis Acestae. Hanc ego nunc ignaram huius quodcumque pericli est inque salutatam linquo: nox et tua testis dextera, quod nequeam lacrumas perferre parentis 290at tu, oro, solare inopem et succurre relictae.

That same steed,
that glittering shield and haughty crimson crest
I will reserve thee, e'er the lots are cast,
and, Nisus, they are thine. Hereto my sire
will add twelve captive maids of beauty rare,
and slaves in armor; last, thou hast the fields
which now Latinus holds. But as for thee,
to whom my youth but binds me closer still,
thee, kingly boy, my whole heart makes my own,
and through all changeful fortune we shall be
inseparable peers: nor will I seek
renown and glory, or in peace or war,
forgetting thee: but trust thee from this day
in deed and word.” To him in answer spoke
Euryalus, “O, may no future show
this heart unworthy thy heroic call!
And may our fortune ever prosperous prove,
not adverse. But I now implore of thee
a single boon worth all beside. I have
a mother, from the venerated line
of Priam sprung, whom not the Trojan shore
nor King Acestes' city could detain,
alas! from following me. I leave her now
without farewell; nor is her love aware
of my supposed peril. For I swear
by darkness of this night and thy right hand,
that all my courage fails me if I see
a mother's tears. O, therefore, I implore,
be thou her sorrow's comfort and sustain
her solitary day.

291Hanc sine me spem ferre tui: audentior ibo in casus omnis. Percussa mente dedere Dardanidae lacrimas; ante omnis pulcher Iulus, atque animum patriae strinxit pietatis imago. 295Tum sic effatur: Sponde digna tuis ingentibus omnia coeptis. Namque erit ista mihi genetrix nomenque Creusae solum defuerit, nec partum gratia talem parva manet. Casus factum quicumque sequentur, 300per caput hoc iuro, per quod pater ante solebat: quae tibi polliceor reduci rebusque secundis, haec eadem matrique tuae generique manebunt. Sic ait inlacrimans; umero simul exuit ensem auratum, mira quem fecerat arte Lycaon 305Gnosius atque habilem vagina aptarat eburna. Dat Niso Mnestheus pellem horrentisque leonis exuvias; galeam fidus permutat Aletes. Protinus armati incedunt; quos omnis euntis primorum manus ad portas iuvenumque senumque 310prosequitur votis. Nec non et pulcher Iulus, ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem, multa patri mandata dabat portanda: sed aurae omnia discerpunt et nubibus inrita donant.

Such grace from thee
equip me for my war, and I shall face
with braver heart whatever fortune brings.”
With sudden sorrow thrilled, the veteran lords
of Teucria showed their tears. But most of all
such likeness of his own heart's filial love
on fair Iulus moved, and thus he spoke:
“Promise thyself what fits thy generous deeds.
Thy mother shall be mine, Creusa's name
alone not hers; nor is the womb unblest
that bore a child like thee. Whate'er success
may follow, I make oath immutable
by my own head, on which my father swore,
that all I promise thee of gift or praise
if home thou comest triumphing, shall be
the glory of thy mother and thy kin.”
Weeping he spoke, and from his shoulder drew
the golden sword, well-wrought and wonderful,
which once in Crete Lycaon's cunning made
and sheathed in ivory. On Nisus then
Mnestheus bestowed a shaggy mantle torn
from a slain lion; good Aletes gave
exchange of crested helms. In such array
they hastened forth; and all the princely throng,
young men and old, ran with them to the gates,
praying all gods to bless. Iulus then,
a fair youth, but of grave, heroic soul
beyond his years, gave them in solemn charge
full many a message for his sire, but these
the hazard of wild winds soon scattered far,
and flung them fruitless on the darkening storm.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.