Sophocles · Philoctetes Φιλοκτήτης

Sophocles, Philoctetes 507–627: Second episode: Neoptolemus agrees; the Merchant's warning

The Chorus urge Neoptolemus to pity the man, and he agrees to take Philoctetes on board, and Philoctetes is overjoyed. As they are about to go, a Merchant arrives and says that Phoenix and the sons of Theseus are coming after Philoctetes, and that Odysseus and Diomedes are sailing for the same purpose. He tells them that the Trojan seer Helenus has foretold that Troy will fall only if Philoctetes is brought to it, and Philoctetes says that he would rather die than be persuaded by Odysseus.

Lines 507–627 · 1176 words · click a number to copy its link

Chorus

507οἴκτιρʼ, ἄναξ· πολλῶν ἔλεξεν δυσοίστων πόνων ἆθλʼ, οἷα μηδεὶς τῶν ἐμῶν τύχοι φίλων. 510εἰ δὲ πικρούς, ἄναξ, ἔχθεις Ἀτρείδας, ἐγὼ μέν, τὸ κείνων κακὸν τῷδε κέρδος 515μετατιθέμενος, ἔνθαπερ ἐπιμέμονεν, ἐπʼ εὐστόλου ταχείας νεὼς πορεύσαιμʼ ἂν ἐς δόμους, τὰν θεῶν νέμεσιν ἐκφυγών.

Have pity, my king! He has told of a struggle with sufferings manifold and oppressive—may the like befall no friend of mine! And if, my king, you hate the hateful Atreids, then, turning their wrongdoing to this man’s gain, I would take him in your swift, well-rigged ship to the home for which he longs, and so escape the god’s just wrath.

Νεοπτόλεμος 519ὅρα σὺ μὴ νῦν μέν τις εὐχερὴς παρῇς, 520ὅταν δὲ πλησθῇς τῆς νόσου ξυνουσίᾳ, τότʼ οὐκέθʼ αὑτὸς τοῖς λόγοις τούτοις φανῇς. Χορός ἥκιστα· τοῦτʼ οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅπως ποτʼ εἰς ἐμὲ τοὔνειδος ἕξεις ἐνδίκως ὀνειδίσαι. Νεοπτόλεμος ἀλλʼ αἰσχρὰ μέντοι σοῦ γέ μʼ ἐνδεέστερον 525ξένῳ φανῆναι πρὸς τὸ καίριον πονεῖν. ἀλλʼ εἰ δοκεῖ, πλέωμεν, ὁρμάσθω ταχύς· χἠ ναῦς γὰρ ἄξει κοὐκ ἀπαρνηθήσεται. μόνον θεοὶ σῴζοιεν ἔκ τε τῆσδε γῆς ἡμᾶς ὅποι τʼ ἐνθένδε βουλοίμεσθα πλεῖν. Φιλοκτήτης 530ὦ φίλτατον μὲν ἦμαρ, ἥδιστος δʼ ἀνήρ, φίλοι δὲ ναῦται, πῶς ἂν ὑμὶν ἐμφανὴς ἔργῳ γενοίμην, ὥς μʼ ἔθεσθε προσφιλῆ; ἴωμεν, ὦ παῖ, προσκύσαντε τὴν ἔσω ἄοικον εἰσοίκησιν, ὥς με καὶ μάθῃς 535ἀφʼ ὧν διέζων ὥς τʼ ἔφυν εὐκάρδιος. οἶμαι γὰρ οὐδʼ ἂν ὄμμασιν μόνην θέαν ἄλλον λαβόντα πλὴν ἐμοῦ τλῆναι τάδε· ἐγὼ δʼ ἀνάγκῃ προύμαθον στέργειν κακά. Χορός ἐπίσχετον, μάθωμεν· ἄνδρε γὰρ δύο, 540ὁ μὲν νεὼς σῆς ναυβάτης, ὁ δʼ ἀλλόθρους, χωρεῖτον, ὧν μαθόντες αὖθις εἴσιτον. Ἔμπορος Ἀχιλλέως παῖ, τόνδε τὸν ξυνέμπορον, ὃς ἦν νεὼς σῆς σὺν δυοῖν ἄλλοιν φύλαξ, ἐκέλευσʼ ἐμοί σε ποῦ κυρῶν εἴης φράσαι, 545ἐπείπερ ἀντέκυρσα, δοξάζων μὲν οὔ, τύχῃ δέ πως πρὸς ταὐτὸν ὁρμισθεὶς πέδον. πλέων γὰρ ὡς ναύκληρος οὐ πολλῷ στόλῳ ἀπʼ Ἰλίου πρὸς οἶκον ἐς τὴν εὔβοτρυν Πεπάρηθον, ὡς ἤκουσα τοὺς ναύτας ὅτι 550σοὶ πάντες εἶεν συννεναυστοληκότες, ἔδοξέ μοι μὴ σῖγα, πρὶν φράσαιμί σοι, τὸν πλοῦν ποεῖσθαι, προστυχόντι τῶν ἴσων. οὐδὲν σύ που κάτοισθα τῶν σαυτοῦ πέρι, ἃ τοῖσιν Ἀργείοισιν ἀμφὶ σοῦ νέα 555βουλεύματʼ ἐστί, κοὐ μόνον βουλεύματα, ἀλλʼ ἔργα δρώμενʼ, οὐκέτʼ ἐξαργούμενα.

Neoptolemus Though now as a casual spectator you are compliant, beware lest later, when filled with his disease by its constant company, you prove no longer constant to these sentiments.

Chorus That will not happen. You will never have just cause to rebuke me for that!

Neoptolemus Well, then, it would shame me if the stranger were to find me less ready than you are to toil for his good. Come, if it pleases you, let us sail. Let the man set out at once; our ship, for her part, will carry him, and will not refuse. Only may the gods give us safe passage from this land, and from here to whatever destination we choose!

Philoctetes O day of joy unsurpassed! Most delightful man, and you good sailors! If only I could show you in deeds what a true friend you have made in me! Let us be going, my son, when we two have made a solemn farewell to my homeless home inside, so that you may also learn by what means I sustained my life, and how stout of heart I was born. For I believe that the mere sight would have deterred any other man but me from enduring these sufferings. But I have been slowly schooled by necessity to endure misery.

Chorus Wait, let us listen to the two men who are coming! One is a crewman of your ship, the other a stranger. Go in after you hear their report.

Merchant Son of Achilles, I asked my companion here, when he was guarding your ship with two others, to tell me where you might be found, since I have chanced upon you unexpectedly by the good fortune of coming to anchor off this very coast. With no great company I am homeward bound on my trader’s voyage from Ilium to Peparethus with its cluster-laden vines, but when I heard that the sailors were all of your crew, I resolved not to continue my voyage in silence, without first giving you my news and getting the due reward. You know nothing, I suspect, of your own affairs: the new designs the Greeks have regarding you, and not only designs, but deeds in progress and no longer postponed.

Νεοπτόλεμος 557ἀλλʼ ἡ χάρις μὲν τῆς προμηθίας, ξένε, εἰ μὴ κακὸς πέφυκα, προσφιλὴς μενεῖ· φράσον δʼ ἅπερ, γʼ ἔλεξας, ὡς μάθω τί μοι 560νεώτερον, βούλευμʼ ἀπʼ Ἀργείων ἔχεις. Ἔμπορος φροῦδοι διώκοντές σε ναυτικῷ στόλῳ Φοῖνιξ ὁ πρέσβυς οἵ τε Θησέως κόροι. Νεοπτόλεμος ὡς ἐκ βίας μʼ ἄξοντες ἢ λόγοις πάλιν; Ἔμπορος οὐκ οἶδʼ· ἀκούσας δʼ ἄγγελος πάρειμί σοι. Νεοπτόλεμος 565ἦ ταῦτα δὴ Φοῖνίξ τε χοἰ ξυνναυβάται οὕτω καθʼ ὁρμὴν δρῶσιν Ἀτρειδῶν χάριν; Ἔμπορος ὡς ταῦτʼ ἐπίστω δρώμενʼ, οὐ μέλλοντʼ ἔτι. Νεοπτόλεμος πῶς οὖν Ὀδυσσεὺς πρὸς τάδʼ οὐκ αὐτάγγελος πλεῖν ἦν ἕτοιμος; ἢ φόβος τις εἶργέ νιν; Ἔμπορος 570κεῖνός γʼ ἐπʼ ἄλλον ἄνδρʼ ὁ Τυδέως τε παῖς ἔστελλον, ἡνίκʼ ἐξανηγόμην ἐγώ. Νεοπτόλεμος πρὸς ποῖον αὖ τόνδʼ αὐτὸς Οὑδυσσεὺς ἔπλει; Ἔμπορος ἦν δή τις—ἀλλὰ τόνδε μοι πρῶτον φράσον τίς ἐστίν· ἃν λέγῃς δὲ μὴ φώνει μέγα. Νεοπτόλεμος 575ὅδʼ ἔσθʼ ὁ κλεινός σοι Φιλοκτήτης, ξένε. Ἔμπορος μή νύν μʼ ἔρῃ τὰ πλείονʼ, ἀλλʼ ὅσον τάχος ἔκπλει σεαυτὸν ξυλλαβὼν ἐκ τῆσδε γῆς. Φιλοκτήτης τί φησιν, ὦ παῖ; τί με κατὰ σκότον ποτὲ διεμπολᾷ λόγοισι πρός σʼ ὁ ναυβάτης; Νεοπτόλεμος 580οὐκ οἶδά πω τί φησι· δεῖ δʼ αὐτὸν λέγειν εἰς φῶς ὃ λέξει, πρὸς σὲ κἀμὲ τούσδε τε. Ἔμπορος ὦ σπέρμʼ Ἀχιλλέως, μή με διαβάλῃς στρατῷ λέγονθʼ ἃ μὴ δεῖ· πόλλʼ ἐγὼ κείνων ὕπο δρῶν ἀντιπάσχω χρηστά θʼ, οἷʼ ἀνὴρ πένης. Νεοπτόλεμος 585ἐγώ εἰμʼ Ἀτρείδαις δυσμενής· οὗτος δέ μοι φίλος μέγιστος, οὕνεκʼ Ἀτρείδας στυγεῖ. δεῖ δή σʼ ἔμοιγʼ ἐλθόντα προσφιλῆ, λόγων κρύψαι πρὸς ἡμᾶς μηδένʼ ὧν ἀκήκοας. Ἔμπορος ὅρα τί ποιεῖς, παῖ. Νεοπτόλεμος σκοπῶ κἀγὼ πάλαι. Ἔμπορος 590σὲ θήσομαι τῶνδʼ αἴτιον. Νεοπτόλεμος ποιοῦ λέγων.

Neoptolemus The service you have done me by your forethought, sir, unless I am unworthy, will remain in my grateful thoughts. But tell me just what the designs are that you mentioned, so that I may understand what is the strange plan of the Greeks that you know.

Merchant Pursuers are on the way in search of you with a fleet. They are the aged Phoenix and the sons of Theseus.

Neoptolemus To bring me back by force, or through persuasion?

Merchant I do not know; but I have come to tell you what I did hear.

Neoptolemus Are Phoenix and his comrades really so eager to do this favor for the Atreids?

Merchant Be sure that it is being done, and without delay.

Neoptolemus Then why was Odysseus not ready to sail on this mission, and bring the message himself? Or did some fear hold him back?

Merchant Oh, he and the son of Tydeus were readying for pursuit of another man, just as I was leaving port.

Neoptolemus Who is this other after whom Odysseus himself was sailing?

Merchant There was a man. . . . But tell me first who that is over there. And whatever you say, do speak quietly.

Neoptolemus There, sir, before your eyes is the renowned Philoctetes.

Merchant Then do not question me further, but get yourself out of here as quickly as possible and sail away.

Philoctetes What is he saying, boy? Why does the sailor traffic with you about me in these dark whispers?

Neoptolemus His meaning yet eludes me. But, whatever he will say, he must say openly—to you, me and my men here.

Merchant Seed of Achilles, do not stir the army’s resentment against me for saying what I should not. I receive many benefits for what services I do them, as a poor man may.

Neoptolemus I am the enemy of the Atreids, and this man is my closest friend precisely because he hates them. Since, then, you have come kindly disposed towards me, you must not hide from us any part of their plans that you have heard.

Merchant Beware of what you are doing, boy.

Neoptolemus I am well aware.

Merchant I will hold you accountable.

Neoptolemus Do so, but speak.

Ἔμπορος 591λέγω. ʼπὶ τοῦτον ἄνδρε τώδʼ ὥπερ κλύεις, ὁ Τυδέως παῖς ἥ τʼ Ὀδυσσέως βία, διώμοτοι πλέουσιν ἦ μὴν ἢ λόγῳ πείσαντες ἄξειν ἢ πρὸς ἰσχύος κράτος. 595καὶ ταῦτʼ Ἀχαιοὶ πάντες ἤκουον σαφῶς Ὀδυσσέως λέγοντος· οὗτος γὰρ πλέον τὸ θάρσος εἶχε θατέρου δράσειν τάδε. Νεοπτόλεμος τίνος δʼ Ἀτρεῖδαι τοῦδʼ ἄγαν οὕτω χρόνῳ τοσῷδʼ ἐπεστρέφοντο πράγματος χάριν, 600ὅν γʼ εἶχον ἤδη χρόνιον ἐκβεβληκότες; τίς ὁ πόθος αὐτοὺς ἵκετʼ; ἢ θεῶν βία καὶ νέμεσις, οἵπερ ἔργʼ ἀμύνουσιν κακά; Ἔμπορος ἐγώ σε τοῦτʼ, ἴσως γὰρ οὐκ ἀκήκοας, πᾶν ἐκδιδάξω. μάντις ἦν τις εὐγενής, 605Πριάμου μὲν υἱός, ὄνομα δʼ ὠνομάζετο Ἕλενος, ὃν οὗτος νυκτὸς ἐξελθὼν μόνος, ὁ πάντʼ ἀκούων αἰσχρὰ καὶ λωβήτʼ ἔπη δόλιος Ὀδυσσεὺς εἷλε· δέσμιόν τʼ ἄγων ἔδειξʼ Ἀχαιοῖς ἐς μέσον, θήραν καλήν· 610ὃς δὴ τά τʼ ἄλλʼ αὐτοῖσι πάντʼ ἐθέσπισεν καὶ τἀπὶ Τροίᾳ πέργαμʼ ὡς οὐ μή ποτε πέρσοιεν, εἰ μὴ τόνδε πείσαντες λόγῳ ἄγοιντο νήσου τῆσδʼ ἐφʼ ἧς ναίει τανῦν. καὶ ταῦθʼ ὅπως ἤκουσʼ ὁ Λαέρτου τόκος 615τὸν μάντιν εἰπόντʼ, εὐθέως ὑπέσχετο τὸν ἄνδρʼ Ἀχαιοῖς τόνδε δηλώσειν ἄγων· οἴοιτο μὲν μάλισθʼ ἑκούσιον λαβών, εἰ μὴ θέλοι δʼ, ἄκοντα· καὶ τούτων κάρα τέμνειν ἐφεῖτο τῷ θέλοντι μὴ τυχών. 620ἤκουσας, ὦ παῖ, πάντα· τὸ σπεύδειν δέ σοι καὐτῷ παραινῶ κεἴ τινος κήδει πέρι. Φιλοκτήτης οἴμοι τάλας· ἦ κεῖνος, ἡ πᾶσα βλάβη, ἔμʼ εἰς Ἀχαιοὺς ὤμοσεν πείσας στελεῖν; πεισθήσομαι γὰρ ὧδε κἀξ Ἅιδου θανὼν 625πρὸς φῶς ἀνελθεῖν, ὥσπερ οὑκείνου πατήρ. Ἔμπορος οὐκ οἶδʼ ἐγὼ ταῦτʼ· ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ μὲν εἶμʼ ἐπὶ ναῦν, σφῷν δʼ ὅπως ἄριστα συμφέροι θεός.

Merchant I will. It is after this man that those two whom I named to you, Diomedes and forceful Odysseus, are sailing. They are oath-bound to retrieve him, either by winning words or by overpowering might. And all the Achaeans heard this clearly from the mouth Odysseus, for his confidence of success in this action was higher than his comrade’s.

Neoptolemus And for the sake of what did the Atreids after so long a time turn their thoughts so urgently towards this man, whom they were long since keeping an outcast? What was the desire that came over them, or what force? What avenging spirit sent by the gods to exact payment for evil deeds?

Merchant I will inform you of all that, since it seems that you have not heard. There was a seer of noble birth, a son of Priam, called Helenus, whom that man, out on a solitary night raid—that deceitful Odysseus, whose repute is all shame and dishonor—captured. Leading him back in bonds, he displayed him publicly to the Achaeans as his glorious prey. Helenus then prophesied for them whatever matter they asked, and, pertaining to Troy, he foretold that they would never sack its towers, unless by winning words they should bring Philoctetes here from the island where he now dwells. And, as soon as he heard the seer prophecy this, Laertes’ son immediately promised that he would bring the man and show him to the Achaeans. He thought it most likely that he would get him willingly, but, if unwilling, then by force, and he added that, were he to fail in this, whoever wished it might sever his head. You have heard everything, boy, and I advise speed for you, and for any man for whom you care.

Philoctetes Alas! Has he, the utter plague, sworn to fetch me back to the Achaeans by persuasion? For if that were to happen, I could be persuaded, when dead, to come back up from Hades into the light, as his father did!

Merchant I know nothing about that. But for my part I must return to ship, while for you I pray that god may help you in every possible way.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1898). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Philoctetes, Cambridge University Press, 1898 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.