Sophocles · Philoctetes Φιλοκτήτης

Sophocles, Philoctetes 219–316: First episode: Philoctetes meets Neoptolemus

Philoctetes comes out and asks, in delight at hearing Greek, who they are. Neoptolemus says that he is the son of Achilles and is sailing home from Troy. Philoctetes tells how he was left alone on the island by the Atreidae and Odysseus, and describes ten years of hunger, cold and the pain of his wound, with no visitors but sailors who would not take him home.

Lines 219–316 · 938 words · click a number to copy its link
Φιλοκτήτης 219ἰὼ ξένοι, 220τίνες ποτʼ ἐς γῆν τήνδε κἀκ ποίας πάτρας κατέσχετʼ οὔτʼ εὔορμον οὔτʼ οἰκουμένην; ποίας ἂν ὑμᾶς πατρίδος ἢ γένους ποτὲ τύχοιμʼ ἂν εἰπών; σχῆμα μὲν γὰρ Ἑλλάδος στολῆς ὑπάρχει προσφιλεστάτης ἐμοί· 225φωνῆς δʼ ἀκοῦσαι βούλομαι· καὶ μή μʼ ὄκνῳ δείσαντες ἐκπλαγῆτʼ ἀπηγριωμένον, ἀλλʼ οἰκτίσαντες ἄνδρα δύστηνον, μόνον, ἔρημον ὧδε κἄφιλον κακούμενον, φωνήσατʼ, εἴπερ ὡς φίλοι προσήκετε. 230ἀλλʼ ἀνταμείψασθʼ· οὐ γὰρ εἰκὸς οὔτʼ ἐμὲ ὑμῶν ἁμαρτεῖν τοῦτό γʼ οὔθʼ ὑμᾶς ἐμοῦ. Νεοπτόλεμος ἀλλʼ, ὦ ξένʼ, ἴσθι τοῦτο πρῶτον, οὕνεκα Ἕλληνές ἐσμεν· τοῦτο γὰρ βούλει μαθεῖν. Φιλοκτήτης ὦ φίλτατον φώνημα· φεῦ τὸ καὶ λαβεῖν 235πρόσφθεγμα τοιοῦδʼ ἀνδρὸς ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ. τίς σʼ, ὦ τέκνον, προσέσχε, τίς προσήγαγεν χρεία; τίς ὁρμή; τίς ἀνέμων ὁ φίλτατος; γέγωνέ μοι πᾶν τοῦθʼ, ὅπως εἰδῶ τίς εἶ. Νεοπτόλεμος ἐγὼ γένος μέν εἰμι τῆς περιρρύτου 240Σκύρου· πλέω δʼ ἐς οἶκον· αὐδῶμαι δὲ παῖς Ἀχιλλέως, Νεοπτόλεμος. οἶσθα δὴ τὸ πᾶν. Φιλοκτήτης ὦ φιλτάτου παῖ πατρός, ὦ φίλης χθονός, ὦ τοῦ γέροντος θρέμμα Λυκομήδους, τίνι στόλῳ προσέσχες τήνδε γῆν πόθεν πλέων; Νεοπτόλεμος 245ἐξ Ἰλίου τοι δὴ τανῦν γε ναυστολῶ. Φιλοκτήτης πῶς εἶπας; οὐ γὰρ δὴ σύ γʼ ἦσθα ναυβάτης ἡμῖν κατʼ ἀρχὴν τοῦ πρὸς Ἴλιον στόλου. Νεοπτόλεμος ἦ γὰρ μετέσχες καὶ σὺ τοῦδε τοῦ πόνου; Φιλοκτήτης ὦ τέκνον, οὐ γὰρ οἶσθά μʼ ὅντινʼ εἰσορᾷς; Νεοπτόλεμος 250πῶς γὰρ κάτοιδʼ ὅν γʼ εἶδον οὐδεπώποτε; Φιλοκτήτης οὐδʼ ὄνομʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ τῶν ἐμῶν κακῶν κλέος ᾔσθου ποτʼ οὐδέν, οἷς ἐγὼ διωλλύμην; Νεοπτόλεμος ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότʼ ἴσθι μʼ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς.

Philoctetes O strangers! Who can you be, and from what country, that you have put into this harborless and desolate land? What would I rightly say is your city or your ancestry? The fashion of your equipment is Greek, and most welcome to my sight; but it would please me to hear your voices. And do not shrink from me in fear, or be frightened by my savage looks. No, pity one so wretched and so lonely, a castaway, so friendless and so miserable. Speak to me, if indeed you have come as friends. Oh, answer! It is not right that I be disappointed by you in this request, at least, nor you by me.

Neoptolemus Well, know first, stranger, that we are Greeks, since you desire to learn this.

Philoctetes O cherished sound! Ah, that I should truly be greeted by such a man, after so long a time! What need, young man, has made you land here and brought you to this spot? What business? What wind so kind? Speak, tell me all, so that I may know who you are.

Neoptolemus My birthplace is the island Scyros, and I am sailing homeward. I am the son of Achilles, by name Neoptolemus. Now you know everything.

Philoctetes O son of a father I loved, and of soil I cherished! Ward of aged Lycomedes, on what mission have you touched this shore? From where are you sailing?

Neoptolemus Well, since you ask, it is from Ilium that I am now guiding my ship.

Philoctetes What? You were certainly not our shipmate at the beginning of the expedition there.

Neoptolemus And did you have a part in that toil?

Philoctetes Then you do not know who I am?

Neoptolemus How should I know one whom I have never seen before?

Philoctetes Then you have not even heard my name, or any rumor of those sufferings under which I have been perishing?

Neoptolemus Be sure that I know nothing of what you ask.

Philoctetes

254ὦ πόλλʼ ἐγὼ μοχθηρός, ὦ πικρὸς θεοῖς, 255οὗ μηδὲ κληδὼν ὧδʼ ἔχοντος οἴκαδε μηδʼ Ἑλλάδος γῆς μηδαμοῦ διῆλθέ που. ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν ἐκβαλόντες ἀνοσίως ἐμὲ γελῶσι σῖγʼ ἔχοντες, ἡ δʼ ἐμὴ νόσος ἀεὶ τέθηλε κἀπὶ μεῖζον ἔρχεται. 260ὦ τέκνον, ὦ παῖ πατρὸς ἐξ Ἀχιλλέως, ὅδʼ εἴμʼ ἐγώ σοι κεῖνος, ὃν κλύεις ἴσως τῶν Ἡρακλείων ὄντα δεσπότην ὅπλων, ὁ τοῦ Ποίαντος παῖς Φιλοκτήτης, ὃν οἱ δισσοὶ στρατηγοὶ χὠ Κεφαλλήνων ἄναξ 265ἔρριψαν αἰσχρῶς ὧδʼ ἔρημον, ἀγρίᾳ νόσῳ καταφθίνοντα, τῆς ἀνδροφθόρου πληγέντʼ ἐχίδνης ἀγρίῳ χαράγματι· ξὺν ᾗ μʼ ἐκεῖνοι, παῖ, προθέντες ἐνθάδε ᾤχοντʼ ἔρημον, ἡνίκʼ ἐκ τῆς ποντίας 270Χρύσης κατέσχον δεῦρο ναυβάτῃ στόλῳ. τότʼ ἄσμενοί μʼ ὡς εἶδον ἐκ πολλοῦ σάλου εὕδοντʼ ἐπʼ ἀκτῆς ἐν κατηρεφεῖ πέτρᾳ, λιπόντες ᾤχονθʼ, οἷα φωτὶ δυσμόρῳ ῥάκη προθέντες βαιὰ καί τι καὶ βορᾶς 275ἐπωφέλημα σμικρόν, οἷʼ αὐτοῖς τύχοι. σὺ δή, τέκνον, ποίαν μʼ ἀνάστασιν δοκεῖς αὐτῶν βεβώτων ἐξ ὕπνου στῆναι τότε; ποῖʼ ἐκδακρῦσαι, ποῖʼ ἀποιμῶξαι κακά; ὁρῶντα μὲν ναῦς, ἃς ἔχων ἐναυστόλουν, 280πάσας βεβώσας, ἄνδρα δʼ οὐδένʼ ἔντοπον, οὐχ ὅστις ἀρκέσειεν οὐδʼ ὅστις νόσου κάμνοντι συλλάβοιτο· πάντα δὲ σκοπῶν ηὕρισκον οὐδὲν πλὴν ἀνιᾶσθαι παρόν, τούτου δὲ πολλὴν εὐμάρειαν, ὦ τέκνον.

How cursed I must be, how abhorred by the gods, if not a word of my miserable condition has reached my homeland, or any Greek land at all! Instead those men, who against the gods’ laws cast me away, keep their secret and laugh, while my plague has ever flourished and grows worse! O my son, boy whose father was Achilles, here I am before you, the man of whom you have perhaps heard as lord of the bow of Heracles, Philoctetes the son of Poeas. I am he whom the two marshalls and the Cephallenian king shamelessly hurled to this solitude which you see, when I was wasting with a fierce disease, stricken by the savage bite of the murderous serpent. With that plague for my sole companion, boy, those men put me out here alone and left, after they landed here with their fleet from sea-washed Chryse. Delighted they were then, when they saw me asleep after much tossing on the waves, in the shelter of a cave upon the shore, and they abandoned me, first setting out a few rags, as though for an unfortunate beggar, and a bit of food, too— a small work of charity. But may they get what they gave me! Can you imagine, boy, what kind of awakening I had when they had gone, and I rose from sleep that day?—what stinging tears I wept, and what miseries I bewailed when I saw that the ships with which I had sailed were all gone, and that there was no man in the place, not one to help me, not one to ease the sickness that afflicted me, when looking all around me, I could find nothing at hand, save agony—but of that a ready store?

Philoctetes

285ὁ μὲν χρόνος δὴ διὰ χρόνου προύβαινέ μοι, κἄδει τι βαιᾷ τῇδʼ ὑπὸ στέγῃ μόνον διακονεῖσθαι. γαστρὶ μὲν τὰ σύμφορα τόξον τόδʼ ἐξηύρισκε, τὰς ὑποπτέρους βάλλον πελείας· πρὸς δὲ τοῦθʼ, ὅ μοι βάλοι 290νευροσπαδὴς ἄτρακτος, αὐτὸς ἂν τάλας εἰλυόμην, δύστηνον ἐξέλκων πόδα, πρὸς τοῦτʼ ἄν· εἴ τʼ ἔδει τι καὶ ποτὸν λαβεῖν, καί που πάγου χυθέντος, οἷα χείματι, ξύλον τι θραῦσαι, ταῦτʼ ἂν ἐξέρπων τάλας 295ἐμηχανώμην· εἶτα πῦρ ἂν οὐ παρῆν, ἀλλʼ ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων μόλις ἔφηνʼ ἄφαντον φῶς, ὃ καὶ σῴζει μʼ ἀεί. οἰκουμένη γὰρ οὖν στέγη πυρὸς μέτα πάντʼ ἐκπορίζει πλὴν τὸ μὴ νοσεῖν ἐμέ. 300φέρʼ, ὦ τέκνον, νῦν καὶ τὸ τῆς νήσου μάθῃς. ταύτῃ πελάζει ναυβάτης οὐδεὶς ἑκών· οὐ γάρ τις ὅρμος ἔστιν οὐδʼ ὅποι πλέων ἐξεμπολήσει κέρδος ἢ ξενώσεται. οὐκ ἐνθάδʼ οἱ πλοῖ τοῖσι σώφροσιν βροτῶν. 305τάχʼ οὖν τις ἄκων ἔσχε· πολλὰ γὰρ τάδε ἐν τῷ μακρῷ γένοιτʼ ἂν ἀνθρώπων χρόνῳ· οὗτοί μʼ, ὅταν μόλωσιν, ὦ τέκνον, λόγοις ἐλεοῦσι μέν, καί πού τι καὶ βορᾶς μέρος προσέδοσαν οἰκτίραντες ἤ τινα στολήν· 310ἐκεῖνο δʼ οὐδείς, ἡνίκʼ ἂν μνησθῶ, θέλει, σῶσαί μʼ ἐς οἴκους, ἀλλʼ ἀπόλλυμαι τάλας ἔτος τόδʼ ἤδη δέκατον ἐν λιμῷ τε καὶ κακοῖσι βόσκων τὴν ἀδηφάγον νόσον. τοιαῦτʼ Ἀτρεῖδαί μʼ ἥ τʼ Ὀδυσσέως βία, 315ὦ παῖ, δεδράκασʼ, οἷʼ Ὀλύμπιοι θεοὶ δοῖέν ποτʼ αὐτοῖς ἀντίποινʼ ἐμοῦ παθεῖν.

So time passed for me, season by season, and alone in this narrow house, I had to attend to all my wants by my own resources. For my stomach’s needs this bow provided, bringing down doves on the wing. And whatever my string-sped arrow might strike, in pain I would crawl to it myself, dragging my wretched foot behind me. Or, again, if water had to be fetched, or, if when the frost had spread, as often happens in winter, a bit of firewood had to be broken, I would creep out in pain and manage it. Then fire would be lacking; but by rubbing stone hard on stone I would at last reveal the hidden spark which preserves me from day to day. Indeed, a roof over my head and a fire inside provides all that I want—except release from my disease. Come now, son, you must understand what sort of island this is. No mariner approaches it by choice, since there is no anchorage or port where he can find a gainful market or a kindly host. This is not a place to which prudent men voyage. But suppose that some one has put in against his will, for such things may often happen in the long course of a man’s life. These visitors, then, when they come, son, have compassionate words for me, and, perhaps moved by pity, they give me a little food or some clothing. But there is one thing that no one will do, whenever I mention it: take me home in safety. No, this is already the tenth year that I am wasted by misery from hunger and suffering, by feeding this gluttonous plague. This is what the Atreids and the forceful Odysseus have done to me, boy. May the gods on Olympus someday give them agonies as strong in requital for mine!

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1898). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Philoctetes, Cambridge University Press, 1898 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.