Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 43.307–449: Book 43: Zeus ends the battle; Poseidon weds Beroe; Eros consoles Dionysos

Bassarids, Satyrs and Seilenoi fight the sea-gods, and Psamathe prays to Zeus to save the Nereids from Dionysos. Zeus grants Beroe to Poseidon and halts Dionysos with thunder. The sea-gods celebrate the wedding with rich gifts, and Poseidon gives her city victory at sea. Eros consoles Dionysos by promising him another bride, Aura of Phrygia, and Dionysos returns to Lydia, Rheia and then Europe.

Lines 43.307–449 · 1293 words · click a number to copy its link
307Βασσαρίδων δὲ φάλαγγες ἐπεστρατόωντο κυδοιμῷ, ὧν ἡ μὲν δονέουσα μετήλυδα βότρυν ἐθείρης εἰς μόθον ὑδατόεντα κορύσσετο φοιτάδι λύσσῃ, 310ἄστατος οἰστρηθεῖσα ποδῶν βητάρμονι παλμῷ· ἡ δὲ Σάμου Θρήισσαν ὑπὸ σπήλυγγα Καβείρων νασσαμένη Λιβάνοιο παρεσκίρτησεν ἐρίπνῃ, βάρβαρον αἰθύσσουσα μέλος Κορυβαντίδος ἠχοῦς· ἄλλη ἀπὸ Τμώλοιο λεχωίδος ὕψι λεαίνης 315ἄρσενα μιτρώσασα κόμην ὀφιώδεϊ δεσμῷ, Μαιονὶς ἀκρήδεμνος ὑπεβρυχᾶτο Μιμαλλών, καὶ ποδὸς ἴχνος ἔπηξε μετήορον ὑψόθεν ὄχθης, μιμηλαῖς γενύεσσιν ὑπαφριόωσα θαλάσσῃ. Σειληνοὶ δὲ Κίλισσαν ἀναβλύζοντες ἐέρσην 320Μυγδονίων ἐλατῆρες ἐθωρήσσοντο λεόντων, καὶ βυθίῳ καναχηδὸν ἐπισκιρτῶντες ὁμίλῳ ἀμπελόεν παλάμῃσιν ἀνέσχεθον ἔρνος Ἐνυοῦς, καὶ παλάμας τανύσαντο λεοντείην ἐπὶ δειρὴν δραξάμενοι πλοκαμῖδος, ἀμαιμακέτους δὲ φορῆας 325θαρσαλέοι λασίοισιν ἀνεκρούσαντο χαλινοῖς. ἁρπάξας δὲ τένοντα χαραδρήεντος ἐναύλου Σειληνὸς πολέμιζε Παλαίμονι, φοιταλέην δὲ ἔγχεϊ κισσήεντι διʼ ὕδατος ἤλασεν Ἰνώ. ἄλλῳ δʼ ἄλλος ἔριζε· καὶ οὐκ ᾐδέσσατο Βάκχη 330θύρσῳ ἀκοντιστῆρι καταΐσσουσα τριαίνης, Βάκχη θῆλυς ἐοῦσα· προασπίζων δὲ θαλάσσης Πανὶ φιλοσκοπέλῳ μετανάστιος ἤρισε Νηρεὺς πήχεϊ παφλάζοντι· δαφοινήεντι δὲ κισσῷ δαίμονα Παλληναῖον ὀρεστιὰς ἤλασε Βάκχη, 335οὐ δέ μιν ἐστυφέλιξεν· ἐπερχόμενον δὲ Λυαίῳ Γλαῦκον ἀκοντιστῆρι Μάρων ἀπεσείσατο θύρσῳ. ὑψινεφὴς δʼ ἐλέφας μελέων ἐνοσίχθονι παλμῷ δινεύων στατὸν ἴχνος ἀκαμπέι γούνατος ὀγκῷ χείλεσι μηκεδανοῖσι χαμευνάδι μάρνατο φώκῃ· 340καὶ Σάτυροι ῥώοντο κυβιστητῆρι κυδοιμῷ ταυροφυεῖς κεράεσσι πεποιθότες, ἐσσυμένων δὲ ἀλλοφανὴς κεχάλαστο διʼ ἰξύος ὄρθιος οὐρή. Σειληνῶν δὲ φάλαγγες ἐπέρρεον, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν ποσσὶ διχαζομένοις ἐποχημένος ἰξύι ταύρου 345συμπλεκέων ἔθλιψε μέλος διδυμόθροον αὐλῶν. καὶ πλοκάμους βαλίῃσι συναιθύσσουσα θυέλλαις Μυγδονὶς ἐκροτάλιζεν ὁμόζυγα κύμβαλα Βάκχη, καὶ λοφιὴν ἐπίκυρτον ἐμάστιε λυσσάδος ἄρκτου θηρὸς ὑποβρυχίης ἀντώπιον· ἀγροτέρη δὲ 350πόρδαλις οὐρεσίφοιτος ἐλαύνετο κέντορι θύρσῳ. καί τις ἀμερσινόοιο κατάσχετος ἅλματι λύσσης ἴχνεσιν ἀβρέκτοισιν ἐπεσκίρτησε θαλάσσῃ, οἷα Ποσειδάωνος ἐπισκαίρουσα καρήνῳ· λὰξ ποδὶ κύματα τύψεν, ἐπηπείλησε δὲ πόντῳ 355σιγαλέῳ, καὶ κωφὸν ὕδωρ ἐπεμάστιε θύρσῳ Βασσαρὶς ὑγροφόρητος· ἀπὸ πλοκάμοιο δὲ νύμφης ἀφλεγέος σελάγιζε κατʼ αὐχένος αὐτόματον πῦρ, θάμβος ἰδεῖν. κινυρὴ δὲ παρʼ ᾐόνι γείτονι πόντῳ φύλοπιν εἰσορόωσα θαλασσομόθου Διονύσου 360αἰνοπαθὴς Ψαμάθη πολυταρβέα ῥήξατο φωνήν·

Companies of Bassarids marched to battle. One shaking the untidy clusters of her tresses to and fro, armed herself with raging madness for battle with the waters, driven wildly along with restless dancing feet. One whose home was in the Samothracian cavern of the Cabeiroi, skipt about the peaks of Lebanon crooning the barbarous notes of Corybantian tune. Another from Tmolos on a lioness newly whelped, having wreathed snakes in her own manly hair, a Maionian Mimallon unveiled, bellowed and set her foot on the lofty slope, with foam on her lips like the seafoam. Seilenoi spluttering drops of Cilician winedew equipt themselves as riders of Mygdonian lions, and danced with a din against the crowd from the sea, brandishing in their hands their viny warpole, as they stretched their hands over the lions’ necks and plucked at the mane and boldly checked their furious mounts by this bristly bridle. A Seilenos tore off a roof from a rocky hole and attacked Palaimon, and drove Ino wandering through the water with his ivy spear. One fought with another : a Bacchant did not shrink but cast a thyrsus hurtling against the trident, she, a Bacchant and a woman ; Nereus defending the sea came on land to fight with foaming arms against a rock-loving Pan ; a mountain Bacchant chased the god of Pallene with blood-dripping ivy, but did not shake him ! Glaucos assailed Dionysos, but Maron shot his thyrsus at him and shook him off. A cloudhigh elephant with earthshaking motions of his limbs stamped about his stiff legs with massive unbending knee, and attacked an earth-bedding seal with his long snout. Satyrs also bustled about in dancing tumult, trusting to the horns on their bull-heads, while the straight tail draggled from their loins for a change as they hurried. Hosts of Seilenoi rushed along, and one of them with his two legs straddling across the back of a bull, squeezed out a tune on his two pipes tied together. A Mygdonian Bacchant rattled her pair of cymbals, with hair fluttering in the brisk winds ; she flogged the bowed neck of a wild bear against a monster of the deep, and the wild panther of the mountains was driven by a thyrsus-goad. One Bassarid possessed with mindrobbing throes of madness skipt over the sea with unwetted feet, as if she were dancing upon Poseidon’s head — she stamped on the waves, threatened the silent sea, flogged the deaf water with her thyrsus, that Bassarid who never sank ; from her hair blazed fire selfkindled over her neck and burnt it not, a wonder to behold. Psamathe sorrowful on the beach beside the sea, watching the turmoil of seabattling Dionysos, uttered the dire trouble of her heart in terrified words :

361Εἰ Θέτιδος χάριν οἶσθα καὶ εὐπαλάμου Βριαρῆος, εἰ μάθες Αἰγαίωνα τεῶν χραισμήτορα θεσμῶν, Ζεῦ ἄνα, Βάκχον ἔρυκε μεμηνότα· μηδὲ νοήσω δουλοσύνην Νηρῆος ἐπὶ Γλαύκοιο τελευτῇ· 365μὴ Θέτις αἰολόδακρυς ὑποδρήσσειε Λυαίῳ, δμωίδα μή μιν ἴδοιμι παρὰ Βρομίῳ, χθόνα Λυδῶν ὀψομένην μετὰ πόντον, Ἀχιλλέα, Πηλέα, Πύρρον, υἱωνόν, πόσιν, υἷα μιῇ στενάχουσαν ἀνίῃ· Λευκοθέην δʼ ἐλέαιρε γοήμονα, τῆς παρακοίτης 370υἷα λαβὼν ἐδάιξε, τὸν ἀστόργοιο τοκῆος παιδοφόνοι γλωχῖνες ἐδαιτρεύσαντο μαχαίρης.

“O Lord Zeus ! if thou hast gratitude for Thetis and the ready hands of Briareus, if thou hast not forgot Aigaion the protector of thy laws, save us from Bacchos in his madness ! Let me never see Glaucos dead and Nereus a slave ! Let not Thetis in floods of tears be servant to Lyaios, let me not see her a slave to Bromios, leaving the deep, to look on the Lydian land, lamenting in one agony Achilles, Peleus, Pyrrhos, grandson, husband, and son ! Pity the groans of Leucothea, whose husband took their son and slew him — the heartless father butchered his son with the blade of his murderous knife !

372ὣς φαμένης ἤκουσε διʼ αἰθέρος ὑψιμέδων Ζεύς, καὶ Βερόης ὑμέναιον ἐπέτρεπεν ἐννοσιγαίῳ, καὶ μόθον ἐπρήυνε γαμοστόλον·οὐρανόθεν γὰρ 375νυμφιδίην ἀτέλεστον ἀναστέλλοντες Ἐνυὼ Βάκχον ἀπειλητῆρες ἐκυκλώσαντο κεραυνοί. καὶ θεὸς ἀμπελόεις γαμίῳ δεδονημένος ἰῷ κούρην μὲν μενέαινε· πατὴρ δέ μιν ὑψιμέδων Ζεὺς βρονταίης ἀνέκοπτε μέλος σάλπιγγος ἀράσσων, 380καὶ πόθον ὑσμίνης ἀνεσείρασε πάτριος ἠχώ. ὀκναλέοις δὲ πόδεσσιν ἐχάζετο νωθρὸς ὁδίτης, στυγνὸς ὀπισθοβόλῳ δεδοκημένος ὄμματι κούρην· οὔασι δʼ αἰδομένοισιν ἀειδομένων ἐνὶ πόντῳ ζῆλον ἔχων ἤκουεν Ἀμυμώνης ὑμεναίων. 385καὶ γάμον ἡμιτέλεστον ἁλίβρομος ἤπυε σύριγξ, καὶ δονέων ἄσβεστον ἐν ὕδασι νυμφίδιον πῦρ παστὸν Ἀμυμώνης θαλαμηπόλος ἤπυε Νηρεύς, καὶ μέλος ἔπλεκε Φόρκυς· ὁμοζήλῳ δὲ πορείῃ Γλαῦκος ἀνεσκίρτησεν, ἐβακχεύθη Μελικέρτης· 390καὶ ζυγίην Γαλάτεια διακρούουσα χορείην ἄστατος ὀρχηστῆρι ποδῶν ἐλελίζετο παλμῷ, καὶ γάμιον μέλος εἶπεν, ἐπεὶ μάθε καλὰ λιγαίνειν ποιμενίῃ σύριγγι διδασκομένη Πολυφήμου.

She spoke her prayer, and Zeus on high heard her in heaven. He granted the hand of Beroe to Earthshaker, and pacified the rivals’ quarrel. For from heaven to check the bridebattle yet undecided came threatening thunderbolts round about Dionysos. The vinegod wounded by the arrow of love still craved the maiden ; but Zeus the Father on high stayed him by playing a tune on his trumpet of thunder, and the sound from his father held back the desire for strife. With lingering feet he departed, with heavy pace, turning back for a last gloomy look at the girl; jealous, with shamed ears, he heard the bridal songs of Amymone in the sea. The syrinx sounding from the brine proclaimed that the rites were already half done. Nereus as Amymone’s chamberlain showed the bridal bed, shaking the wedding torches, the fire which no water can quench. Phorcys sang a song ; with equal spirit Glaucos danced and Melicertes romped about. And Galateia twangled a marriage dance and restlessly twirled in capering step, and she sang the marriage verses, for she had learnt well how to sing, being taught by Polyphemos with a shepherd’s syrinx.

394καὶ Βερόης διεροῖσιν ὁμιλήσας ὑμεναίοις 395νυμφίος ἐννοσίγαιος ἐφίλατο πατρίδα νύμφης· καὶ Βερόης ναέτῃσιν ἑῆς κειμήλιον εὐνῆς Ἄρεος εἰναλίοιο θαλασσαίην πόρε νίκην. καὶ γάμος ὄλβιος ἦεν, ἐπεὶ βυθίῳ παρὰ παστῷ ἄξιον ἕδνον Ἔρωτος Ἄραψ ἐκομίσσατο Νηρεύς, 400Ἡφαίστου σοφὸν ἔργον, Ὀλύμπια δαίδαλα, νύμφῃ, ὁρμὸν ἄγων κάλυκάς τε φέρων ἕλικάς τε τιταίνων, ὁππόσα Νηρεΐδεσσιν ἀμιμήτῳ κάμε τέχνῃ Λήμνιος ἐργοπόνος παρὰ κύμασι καὶ μέσον ἅλμης ἔμπυρον ἄκμονα πάλλεν ὑποβρυχίην τε πυράγρην, 405φυσαλέου χοάνοιο περίδρομον ἄσθμα τιταίνων ποιητοῖς ἀνέμοισιν, ἀναπτομένης δὲ καμίνου ἐν ῥοθίοις ἄσβεστον ἐβόμβεεν ἐνδόμυχον πῦρ. Νηρεὺς μὲν τάδε δῶρα πολύτροπα, δῶκε δὲ κούρῃ Περσικὸς Εὐφρήτης πολυδαίδαλον εἶδος ἀράχνης· 410χρυσὸν Ἴβηρ πόρε Ῥῆνος· ἐχεκτεάνων δὲ μετάλλων ἤλυθεν εἴκελα δῶρα γέρων Πακτωλὸς ἀείρων χερσὶ φυλασσομένῃσιν, ὅτι πρόμον ἔτρεμε Λυδῶν Βάκχον ἑὸν βασιλῆα, καὶ ἔτρεμε γείτονα Ῥείην Μυγδονίης πολιοῦχον ἑῆς χθονός· Ἠριδανὸς δὲ 415Ἡλιάδων ἤλεκτρα ῥυηφενέων ἀπὸ δένδρων δῶρα πόρε στίλβοντα· καὶ ἀργυρέης ἀπὸ πέτρης Στρυμὼν ὅσσα μέταλλα καὶ ὁππόσα Γεῦδις ἀείρει, ἕδνον Ἀμυμώνῃ δωρήσατο κυανοχαίτης.

After celebrating Beroe’s wedding in the sea, her bridegroom Earthshaker was a friend to her native place. He gave her countrymen victory in war on the sea as a precious treasure in return for his bride. It was a wealthy wedding. Arabian Nereus brought to the bridechamber in the deep a worthy gift of love, a clever work of Hephaistos, Olympian ornaments, for the bride ; necklace and earrings and armlets he brought and offered, all that the Lemnian craftsman had made for the Nereids with inimitable workmanship in the waves — there in the midst of the brine he shook his fiery anvil and tongs under water, blowing the enclosed breath of the bellows with mimic winds, and when the furnace was kindled the fire roared in the deep unquenched. Nereus then brought these gifts in great variety. But Persian Euphrates gave the girl the webspinner’s embroidered wares ; Iberian Rhine brought gold ; old Pactolos came bringing the like offerings from his opulent mines, with cautious hands, for he feared the Lydian master, Bacchos his king, and he feared Rheia his neighbour, the cityholder of his country Mygdonia. Eridanos brought shining gifts, amber from the Heliad trees that trickle riches ; and from the silver rock, all the metals of Strymon and all that Geudis has were brought as a marriage-gift to Amymone by Seabluehair.

419ὣς ὁ μὲν ἀρτιχόρευτος ὑποβρυχίῳ παρὰ παστῷ 420γήθεεν ἐννοσίγαιος· ἀμειδήτῳ δὲ Λυαίῳ γνωτὸς Ἔρως φθονέοντι παρήγορον ἴαχε φωνήν·

And so the dances were over, and Earthshaker was happy in the bridechamber beneath the waters ; but Lyaios never smiled, and his brother Eros came to console him in his jealous mood :

422Νυμφοκόμῳ, Διόνυσε, τί μέμφεαι εἰσέτι κεστῷ; οὐ Βρομίῳ Βερόης γάμος ἔπρεπεν, ἀλλὰ θαλάσσης ἅρμενος ἦν γάμος οὗτος, ὅτι βρυχίης Ἀφροδίτης 425παῖδα λαβὼν ἔζευξα θαλασσοπόρῳ παρακοίτῃ· ἁβροτέρην δʼ ἐφύλαξα τεοῖς θαλάμοις Ἀριάδνην, ἐκ γενεῆς Μίνωος ὁμόγνιον· οὐτιδανὴν δὲ πόντιον αἷμα φέρουσαν Ἀμυμώνην λίπε πόντῳ. ἀλλὰ λιπὼν Λιβάνοιο λόφον καὶ Ἀδώνιδος ὕδωρ 430ἵξεαι εἰς Φρυγίην εὐπάρθενον, ἧχί σε μίμνει ἄβροχον Ἠελίοιο λέχος Τιτηνίδος Αὔρης· καὶ στέφος ἀσκήσασα μάχης καὶ παστάδα κούρης Θρῄκη νυμφοκόμος σε δεδέξεται, ἧχι καὶ αὐτὴ Παλλήνη καλέει σε δορυσσόος, ἧς παρὰ παστῷ 435ἀθλοφόρον γαμίοισι περιστέψω σε κορύμβοις ἱμερτὴν τελέσαντα παλαισμοσύνην Ἀφροδίτης. τοῖα γυναιμανέοντι κασιγνήτῳ φάτο Βάκχῳ

“Dionysos, why do you still bear a grudge against the cestus that makes marriages ? Beroe was no proper bride for Bacchos, but this marriage of the sea was quite fitting, because I joined the daughter of Aphrodite of the sea to a husband whose path is in the sea. I have kept a daintier one for your bridechamber, Ariadne, of the family of Minos and your kin. Leave Amymone to the sea, a nobody, one of the family of the sea herself. You must leave the mountains of Lebanon and the waters of Adonis and go to Phrygia, the land of lovely girls ; there awaits you a bride without salt water, Aura of Titan stock. Thrace the friend of brides will receive you, with a wreath of victory ready and a bride’s bower ; thither Pallene also the shakespear summons you, beside whose chamber I will crown you with a wedding wreath for your prowess, when you have won Aphrodite’s delectable wrestling-match.”

438θοῦρος Ἔρως· πτερύγων δὲ πυρώδεα βόμβον ἰάλλων ἠερίῃ νόθος ὄρνις ἀνῃώρητο πορείῃ, 440καὶ Διὸς εἰς δόμον ἦλθεν. ἀπʼ Ἀσσυρίοιο δὲ κόλπου ἁβροχίτων Διόνυσος ἀνήιεν εἰς χθόνα Λυδῶν Πακτωλοῦ παρὰ πέζαν, ὅπῃ χρυσαυγέι πηλῷ ἀφνειῆς τιτάνοιο μέλαν φοινίσσεται ὕδωρ· Μαιονίης δʼ ἐπέβαινε, καὶ ἵστατο μητέρι Ῥείῃ 445Ἰνδῴης ὀρέγων βασιλήια δῶρα θαλάσσης. καλλείψας δὲ ῥέεθρα βαθυπλούτου ποταμοῖο καὶ Φρύγιον κενεῶνα καὶ ἁβροβίων γένος ἀνδρῶν Ἀρκτῴην παρὰ πέζαν ἑὴν ἐφύτευσεν ὀπώρην, Εὐρώπης πτολίεθρα μετʼ Ἀσίδος ἄστεα βαίνων.

So wild Eros spoke to his lovemad brother Bacchos : then he flapt his whizzing fiery wings, and up the sham bird flew in the skies travelling until he came to the house of Zeus. And from the Assyrian gulf Dionysos went daintily clad into the Lydian land along the plain of Pactolos, where the dark water is reddened by the goldgleaming mud of wealthy lime ; he entered Maionia, and stood before Rheia his mother, offering royal gifts from the Indian sea. Then leaving the stream of this river of deep riches, and the Phrygian plain, and the nation of softliving men, he planted his vine on the northerly plain, and passed from the towns of Asia to the cities of Europe.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 43, lines 307–449: Zeus ends the battle