Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 45.169–272: Book 45: The giant Alpos; Pentheus binds a bull instead of Dionysos

Teiresias adds the story of the giant Alpos, who terrorised the Alpine slopes until Dionysos pierced his throat with a thyrsus. Pentheus, unmoved, sends soldiers to arrest the god, who vanishes and then reappears as a soldier leading a bull. Pentheus is tricked into chaining the bull as Dionysos and jailing the Bassarids in a dungeon.

Lines 45.169–272 · 994 words · click a number to copy its link
169καὶ σύ, τέκος, δολόεντα χόλον πεφύλαξο Λυαίου. 170ἀλλʼ ἐρέεις· μεθέπω δέμας ἄλκιμον, ἀμφιέπω δὲ φρικτὸν ὀδοντοφύτων αὐτόσπορον αἷμα Γιγάντων. δαιμονίην φύγε χεῖρα Γιγαντοφόνου Διονύσου, ὅς ποτε Τυρσηνοῖο παρὰ κρηπῖδα Πελώρου Ἄλπον ἀπηλοίησε, θεημάχον υἱὸν Ἀρούρης, 175μαρνάμενον σκοπέλοισι καὶ αἰχμάζοντα κολώναις· μαινομένου δὲ Γίγαντος ὑποπτήσσων στίχα λαιμῶν οὐ τότε κεῖνο κάρηνον ὁδοιπόρος ἔστιχε πέτρης· εἰ δέ τις ἀγνώσσων ἀβάτῳ πεφόρητο κελεύθῳ μαστίζων θρασὺν ἵππον, ὑπὲρ σκοπέλοιο νοήσας 180χερσὶ πολυσπερέεσσι περίπλοκον υἱὸς Ἀρούρης ἡνίοχον καὶ πῶλον ἑῷ τυμβεύσατο λαιμῷ. πολλάκι δʼ εὐδένδροιο διʼ οὔρεος εἰς νομὸν ἕλκων μῆλα μεσημβρίζοντα γέρων δαιτρεύετο ποιμήν. οὐ τότε δʼ αἰπολίοισι παρήμενος ἢ παρὰ μάνδραις 185συμφερτοῖς δονάκεσσι μελίζετο μουσοπόλος Πάν, οὐ κτύπον ὑστερόφωνος ἀμείβετο πηκτίδος Ἠχώ· ἀλλά, λάλον περ ἐοῦσαν, ἐθήμονι σύνθροον αὐλῷ Πανὸς ἀσιγήτοιο κατεσφρηγίσσατο σιγή, ὅττι Γίγας τότε πᾶσιν ἐπέχραεν· οὐ τότε βούτης, 190οὐ χορὸς ὑλοτόμων τις ὁμήλικας ἤκαχε Νύμφας τέμνων νήια δοῦρα, καὶ οὐ σοφὸς ὁλκάδα τέκτων δουροπαγὲς γόμφωσεν ὁδοιπόρον ἅρμα θαλάσσης, εἰσόκε κεῖνα κάρηνα παρέστιχε Βάκχος ὁδεύων, σείων Εὔια θύρσα· παρερχομένῳ δὲ Λυαίῳ 195ὑψινεφὴς περίμετρος ἐπέχραεν υἱὸς Ἀρούρης, ἀσπίδα πετρήεσσαν ἑοῖς ὤμοισιν ἀείρων· καὶ σκόπελον βέλος εἶχεν, ἐπεσκίρτησε δὲ Βάκχῳ γείτονα δενδρήεσσαν ἔχων ὑψίδρομον αἰχμήν, ἢ πίτυν ἢ πλατάνιστον ἀκοντίζων Διονύσῳ. 200ὡς ῥόπαλον πίτυν εἶχε, καὶ ὡς θοὸν ἆορ ἑλίσσων πρυμνόθεν αὐτόρριζον ἐκούφισε θάμνον ἐλαίης. ἀλλʼ ὅτε τηλεβόλους ὀρέων ἐκένωσε κολώνας, καὶ σκιερῆς βαθύδενδρος ἐγυμνώθη ῥάχις ὕλης, θυρσομανὴς τότε Βάκχος ἑὸν βέλος ἠθάδι ῥοίζῳ 205εἰς σκοπὸν ἠκόντιζε, καὶ ἠλιβάτου τύχεν Ἄλπου εἰς πλατὺν ἀνθερεῶνα, κατʼ ἀσφαράγοιο δὲ μέσσου ὀξυτενὴς χλοάουσα διέσσυτο Βακχιὰς αἰχμή· ἔνθα Γίγας ὀλίγῳ τετορημένος ὀξέι θύρσῳ ἡμιθανὴς κεκύλιστο καὶ ἔμπεσε γείτονι πόντῳ, 210πλησάμενος βαθύκολπον ὅλον κενεῶνα θαλάσσης· ὑψώσας δὲ ῥέεθρα Τυφαονίης διὰ πέτρης θερμὰ κασιγνήτοιο κατέκλυσε νῶτα χαμευνῆς, ἔμπυρον ὑδατόεντι καταψύχων δέμας ὁλκῷ. ἀλλά, τέκος, πεφύλαξο, μὴ εἴκελα καὶ σὺ νοήσῃς, 215Τυρσηνῶν ἅτε παῖδες, ἅτε θρασὺς υἱὸς Ἀρούρης.

“So you also, my son, should beware of the resourceful anger of Lyaios. But you will say — I have mighty strength, I have in my nature the blood of the terrible giants that sprang of themselves from the sown Teeth. Then avoid the divine hand of Dionysos Giantslayer, who once beside the base of Tyrsenian Peloros smashed Alpos, the son of Earth who fought against gods, battering with rocks and throwing hills. No wayfarer then climbed the height of that rock, for fear of the raging Giant and his row of mouths ; and if one in ignorance travelled on that forbidden road whipping a bold horse, the son of Earth spied him, pulled him over the rock with a tangle of many hands, entombed man and colt in his gullet ! Often some old shepherd leading his sheep to pasture along the wooded hillside at midday was gobbled up. In those days melodious Pan never sat beside herds of goats or sheepcotes playing his tune on the assembled reeds, no imitating Echo returned the sounds of his pipes ; but prattler as she was, silence sealed those lips which were wont to sound with the pipe of Pan never silent, because the Giant then oppressed all. No cowherd then came, no band of woodmen cutting timbers for a ship troubled the Nymphs of the trees, their agemates, no clever shipwright clamped together a barge, the woodriveted car that travels the roads of the sea, until Bacchos on his travels passed by that peak, shaking his Euian thyrsus. As Lyaios passed, the huge son of Earth high as the clouds attacked him. A rock was the shield upon his shoulders, a hilltop was his missile ; he leapt on Bacchos, with a tall tree which he found near for a pike, some pine or planetree to cast at Dionysos. A pine was his club, and he pulled up an olive spire from the roots to whirl for a quick sword. But when he had stript the whole mountain for his long shots, and the ridge was bare of all the thick shady trees, then Bacchos thyrsus-wild sped his own shot whizzing as usual to the mark, and hit this towering Alpos full in the wide throat — right through the gullet went the sharp point of the greeny spear. Then the Giant pierced with the sharp little thyrsus rolled over half dead and fell in the neighbouring sea, filling the whole deephollo wed - abyss of the bay. He lifted the waters and deluged Typhaon’s rock, flooding the hot surface of his brother’s bed and cooling his scorched body with a torrent of water. Nay, my son, be careful, that you too may not see what the sons of Tyrsenia saw, what the bold son of Earth saw.”

216εἶπε καὶ οὐ παρέπεισεν· ἀταρβήτῳ δὲ πεδίλῳ εἰς ὄρος ὑψικάρηνον ὁμόσσυτος ἤιε Κάδμῳ, ὄφρα χοροῦ ψαύσειε. σιδηροφόροις δὲ μαχηταῖς ἀσπίδα κουφίζων κορυθαιόλος ἴαχε Πενθεύς·

He spoke, but could not convince ; and so with undaunted shoe he hurried to the high mountains with Cadmos, that he might share the dance. But Pentheus in flashing helm, shield on arm, cried to his armed warriors —

220Δμῶες ἐμοί, στείχοντες ἐν ἄστεϊ καὶ μέσον ὕλης ἄξατέ μοι βαρύδεσμον ἀνάλκιδα τοῦτον ἀλήτην, ὄφρα τυπεὶς Πενθῆος ἀμοιβαίῃσιν ἱμάσθλαις μηκέτι φαρμακόεντι ποτῷ θέλξειε γυναῖκας, ἀλλὰ γόνυ κλίνειεν· ἀπὸ σκοπέλων δὲ καὶ αὐτὴν 225μητέρα βακχευθεῖσαν ἐμὴν φιλότεκνον Ἀγαύην φοιτάδος ἀγρύπνοιο μεταστήσασθε χορείης, λυσσαλέης ἐρύσαντες ἀνάμπυκα βότρυν ἐθείρης.

“My servants, make haste through the city and the depth of the woods — bring me here in heavy chains that weakling vagabond, that flogged by the repeated lashes of Pentheus he may cease to bewitch women with his drugged potion, and bend the knee instead. Bring back also out of the hills my fond mother Agaue now gone mad, separate her from the sleepless wandering dance — drag her by the hair now snood-less in her frenzy !

228ὣς φαμένου Πενθῆος ὀπάονες ὠκέι ταρσῷ ἔδραμον ὑψικόμοιο δυσέμβατον εἰς ῥάχιν ὕλης 230ἴχνια μαστεύοντες ὀριπλανέος Διονύσου. καὶ μόγις ἀθρήσαντες ἐρημάδος ἀγχόθι πέτρης θυρσομανῆ Διόνυσον ἐπερρώσαντο μαχηταί· καὶ παλάμαις Βρομίοιο πέριξ ἔσφιγξαν ἱμάντας, δεσμὰ βαλεῖν ἐθέλοντες ἀνικήτῳ Διονύσῳ· 235ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ἦεν ἄφαντος, ἑῷ πτερόεντι πεδίλῳ ἀίξας ἀκίχητος, ἐν ἀφθόγγῳ δὲ σιωπῇ δαιμονίῃ θεράποντες ἐδουλώθησαν ἀνάγκῃ, μῆνιν ἀλυσκάζοντες ἀθηήτοιο Λυαίου ταρβαλέοι. καὶ Βάκχος ὁμοίιος ἀσπιδιώτῃ 240ἄζυγα ταῦρον ἔχων ἐδράξατο χειρὶ κεραίης, ὡς θεράπων Πενθῆος ἀπειλείων Διονύσῳ ψευδομένῳ κερόεντι, καὶ ὡς κοτέοντι προσώπῳ Πενθέος ἐγγὺς ἵκανε μεμηνότος, ἑζομένου δὲ λυσσαλέου βασιλῆος ἀγήνορα κόμπον ἀθύρων 245φρικαλέην ἀγέλαστος ἐπίκλοπον ἴαχε φωνήν·

At this command, Pentheus’s men with swift foot ran to the rugged ridge of leafy woodland seeking the tracks of hillranging Dionysos. With difficulty the soldiers found the thyrsus-maddened god near a lonely rock ; they rushed upon him and wound straps about Bromios’s hands, binding him fast — that is how they meant to imprison invincible Dionysos ! But he disappeared — gone in a flash, untraceable, on his winged shoes. The men stood silent — speechless, cowed by divine compulsion, shrinking before the wrath of Lyaios unseen, terrified. And Bacchos in the likeness of a soldier with shield in hand, seized a wild bull by the horn, making as if he were one of the servants of Pentheus, crying out upon this false horned Dionysos. He put on a look of rage and came near to mad Pentheus where he sat, and mocked at the proud boasts of the frenzied king as he spoke unsmiling these deceitful threatening words :

246Οὗτος ἀνήρ, σκηπτοῦχε, τεὴν οἴστρησεν Ἀγαύην· οὗτος ἀνὴρ ἐθέλει βασιληίδα Πενθέος ἕδρην· ἀλλὰ λαβὼν κερόεντα δολόφρονα Βάκχον ἀλήτην δῆσον ἀλυκτοπέδῃσι τεῶν μνηστῆρα θοώκων, 250καὶ κεφαλὴν πεφύλαξο βοοκραίρου Διονύσου, μή σε λαβὼν πλήξειε τανυγλώχινι κεραίῃ.

“This is the man, your Majesty, who has sent your Agaue mad ! This is the man who covets the royal throne of Pentheus ! Take this horned vagabond Bacchos full of tricks — bind in galling fetters the pretender to your throne — and beware of the bull’s horns of Dionysos’s head, or he may catch you and pierce you with the long point of his horn !

252ὣς φαμένου Βρομίοιο κατάσχετος ἔμφρονι λύσσῃ μῦθον ἀπειλητῆρα θεημάχος ἴαχε Πενθεύς·

When Bromios had finished, god-defiant Pentheus uttered reckless words, his mind being possessed by the delirium of Bromios :

254Δήσατε, δήσατε τοῦτον, ἐμῶν συλήτορα θώκων· 255οὗτος ἐμοῖς σκήπτροισι κορύσσεται, οὗτος ἱκάνει Καδμείην ἐθέλων Σεμέλης πατρώιον ἕδρην. καλὸν ἐμοὶ Διόνυσον, ὃν ἤροσε λάθριος εὐνή, ἀνδροφυῆ τινα ταῦρον ἔχειν ξυνήονα τιμῆς, βουκεράῳ νόθον εἶδος ἐπαυγάζοντα μετώπῳ, 260ὃν μετὰ Πασιφάην Σεμέλη τάχα γείνατο ταύρῳ, βοσκομένῳ κερόεντι συναπτομένη παρακοίτη.

“Bind him, bind him, the robber of my throne ! This is the enemy of my sceptre, this is he that comes coveting the royal seat of Semele and her father ! A fine thing for me to share my honour with Dionysos, the son of an illicit bed, a bull in human form, with a shape of borrowed glory upon his oxhorned face, whom Semele perhaps mothered for a bull, like another Pasiphae, mated with a grazing horned bedfellow !

262εἶπε καὶ ἀγραύλοιο πόδας ταύροιο πιέζων σφίγξεν ἀλυκτοπέδῃσι λαβὼν δέ μιν ἀντὶ Λυαίου ἤγαγεν ἱππείης πεπεδημένον ἐγγύθι φάτνης, 265ὡς Σεμέλης θρασὺν υἷα καὶ οὔ τινα ταῦρον ἐέργων Βασσαρίδων δὲ φάλαγγα περίπλοκον ἅμματι χειρῶν δέσμιον εὐρώεντι κατεσφρήγισσε μελάθρῳ, εἰς γλαφυρόν τινα κοῖλον ἀτερπέος οἶκον ἀνάγκης, Κιμμερίων μίμημα δυσέκβατον, ἄμμορον Ἠοῦς, 270ἀμφιπόλους Βρομίου θιασώδεας, ὣν ὑπὸ δεσμῷ θλιβομέναις παλάμῃσιν ἐμιτρώθησαν ἱμάντες, χαλκείη δὲ πόδεσσιν ἐπεσφρηγίζετο σειρή.

He spoke, and bound fast the legs of the wild bull in galling shackles. Taking him for Lyaios he led him shackled near the horses’ manger, thinking his captive Semele’s bold son and no bull. He tied together with ropes the hands of all the ranks of Bassarids, sealed them up in a mouldy dungeon, a vaulted cavern, a house of joyless constraint, whence none could escape, dark as the Cimmerians, far from the light of day, these followers of Bromios in the revels ; their arms were bound in a clasp of galling straps, chains of bronze were sealed on their legs.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 45, lines 169–272: The giant Alpos