Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 47.496–593: Book 47: An Argive taunts Dionysos; Hera arms Perseus

An Argive mocks Dionysos, setting Perseus the Gorgon-slayer against him and urging him to go back to Thebes. Hera, taking the shape of the seer Melampus, urges Perseus to defend Argos, and Argos's heroes muster. Dionysos arms his Bacchants and Satyrs and protects himself with a gem against the Gorgon's gaze.

Lines 47.496–593 · 893 words · click a number to copy its link
496καί τις ἰδών τινα λάτριν ἐπερχομένοιο Λυαίου τοῖον ἔπος κατέλεξε Πελασγίδας ἀστὸς ἀρούρης·

As Lyaios came up, a man of the Pelasgian country thus called out to one of the servants of the god :

498Οὗτος ὁ βότρυν ἔχων, διφυὲς γένος· ἄξιον Ἥρης Ἄργος ἔχει Περσῆα καὶ οὐ χατέει Διονύσου· 500ἄλλον ἔχω Διὸς υἷα καὶ οὐ Βάκχοιο χατίζω. ποσσὶ πολυσκάρθμοισι πατεῖ Διόνυσος ὀπώρην· ἴχνεσιν ὑψιπόροισιν ἐμὸς γόνος ἠέρα τέμνει. μὴ κισσῷ δρεπάνην ἰσάζετε· καὶ γὰρ ἀρείων Βάκχου θυρσοφόρου δρεπανηφόρος ἔπλετο Περσεύς· 505εἰ στρατὸν Ἰνδὸν ἔπεφνεν, ἀέθλιον ἶσον ἐνίψω Γοργοφόνῳ Περσῆι καὶ Ἰνδοφόνῳ Διονύσῳ· εἰ δὲ πολυκλύστοιο παρʼ Ἑσπέριον κλίμα πόντου ὁλκάδα λαϊνέην Τυρσηνίδα πῆξε θαλάσσῃ, κῆτος ὅλον περίμετρον ἐμὸς πετρώσατο Περσεύς. 510εἰ δὲ τεὸς Διόνυσος ἐρημονόμῳ παρὰ πόντῳ ὑπναλέην ἐσάωσεν ἐπʼ ἠιόνων Ἀριάδνην, δεσμοὺς Ἀνδρομέδης πτερόεις ἀνελύσατο Περσεύς, ἄξιον ἕδνον ἔχων πετρώδεα θῆρα θαλάσσης· οὔ πως Ἀνδρομέδην Παφίης χάριν, οὔ ποτε Περσεὺς 515Θησέος ἱμείρουσαν ἑὴν ἐρρύσατο νύμφην· ἀλλὰ σαοφρονέοντα γάμον λάχεν. ὡς Σεμέλην δέ, οὐ Δανάην πυρόεντες ἐτεφρώσαντο κεραυνοί· ἀλλὰ πατὴρ Περσῆος Ὀλύμπιος ὄμβρος Ἐρώτων χρύσεος εἰς γάμον ἦλθε, καὶ οὐ φλογόεις παρακοίτης.

“You there with the grapes , you hybrid ! Argos has her Perseus, one worthy of Hera, and needs not Dionysos. I have another son of Zeus and I want no Bacchos. Dionysos treads the vintage with dancing feet ; my countryman cuts the air with high-travelling steps. Do not think ivy as good as the sickle, for Perseus with his sickle is better than Bacchos with his ivy ; if Bacchos destroyed the Indian host, I will announce an equal prize for Perseus Gorgonslayer and Dionysos Indianslayer. If Bacchos once in the western region of the rolling sea turned into stone a Tyrrhenian ship and fixt it in the sea, my Perseus turned into stone a whole huge monster of the deep. If your Dionysos saved Ariadne, sleeping on the sands beside an empty sea, Perseus on the wing loosed the chains of Andromeda and offered the stone seamonster as a worthy bridal gift. Not for the Paphian’s sake, not while she longed for Theseus did Perseus save Andromeda to be his bride ; a chaste wedding was his. No fiery lightnings burnt Danae to ashes, like Semele ; but the father of Perseus came to his wedding as a golden shower of love from heaven, not as a flaming bedfellow.

520οὐκ ἄγαμαί ποτε τοῦτον ἐγὼ πρόμον· ἐν παλάμῃ γὰρ ποῖον ἔχει δόρυ θοῦρον Ἀρήιον; ἴσχεο, Περσεῦ· Γοργοφόνῳ δρεπάνῃ μὴ μάρναο θήλεϊ κισσῷ· μὴ σέο χεῖρα μίαινε γυναικείοισι κοθόρνοις· μὴ κυνέην Ἀίδαο τεοῖς κροτάφοισι τινάξῃς 525στέμματος ἀμπελόεντος ἐναντίον· ἢν δʼ ἐθελήσῃς, Ἀνδρομέδην θώρηξον ἀθωρήκτῳ Διονύσῳ· χάζεό μοι, Διόνυσε, καὶ ἵππιον Ἄργος ἐάσας Θήβης ἑπταπύλοιο πάλιν βάκχευε γυναῖκας· κτεῖνε νέον Πενθῆα· τί Περσέι καὶ Διονύσῳ; 530Ἴναχον ὠκυρέεθρον ἀναίνεο· καί σε δεχέσθω Θήβης Ἀονίης ποταμὸς βραδύς· οὔ σε διδάξω Ἀσωπὸν βαρύγουνον ἔτι ζείοντα κεραυνῷ.

“I do not admire this hero at all. For what lusty spear of war does he hold ? Stay, Perseus, do not fight the woman’s ivy with your Gorgonslayer sickle, do not defile your hand with a woman’s buskins, do not shake the cap of Hades upon your brow against a wreath of vineleaves — but if you wish, arm Andromeda against unarmed Dionysos. Begone, Dionysos, I tell you ; leave Argos and its horses and madden once more the women of sevengate Thebes. Find another Pentheus to kill — what has Perseus to do with Dionysos ? Let be the swift stream of Inachos, and let the slow river of Aonian Thebes receive you. I need not remind you of heavy knee Asopos boiling still with the thunderbolt.”

533τοῖον ἔπος κατέλεξεν ἐπεγγελόων Διονύσῳ. Ἀργείην δὲ φάλαγγα Πελασγιὰς ὥπλισεν Ἥρη· 535μαντιπόλῳ δʼ ἤικτο Μελάμποδι· χωομένη δὲ Γοργοφόνῳ Περσῆι μαχήμονα ῥήξατο φωνήν·

So the man spoke, deriding Dionysos. Meanwhile Pelasgian Hera equipped her Argive army ; she took the shape of the seer Melampus, and angrily called to Perseus Gorgonslayer in martial words :

537Οὐρανίης βλάστημα γονῆς, κορυθαιόλε Περσεῦ, σὴν δρεπάνην ἀνάειρε, μὴ ἀπτολέμῳ τινὶ θύρσῳ ἀδρανέες τεὸν Ἄργος ἀιστώσωσι γυναῖκες 540μὴ τρομέοις ἕνα μοῦνον ὄφιν ζωστῆρα κομάων, ὅττι δαφοινήεσσα τεὴ θηροκτόνος ἅρπη λήια τοσσατίων ὀφίων ἤμησε Μεδούσης· Βασσαρίδων δὲ φάλαγγι κορύσσεο· χαλκορόφου δὲ μνώεο παρθενεῶνος, ὅπῃ Δανάης διὰ κόλπου 545χρύσεον ὄμβρον ἔχευε γαμοκλόπον ὑέτιος Ζεύς, μὴ Δανάη μετὰ λέκτρα, μετὰ χρυσέους ὑμεναίους οὐτιδανῷ γόνυ δοῦλον ὑπογνάμψειε Λυαίῳ· δεῖξον, ὅτι Κρονίωνος ἐτήτυμον αἷμα κομίζεις, δεῖξον, ὅτι χρύσειον ἔχεις γένος, οὐρανίου δὲ 550λέκτρα τεοῦ κήρυξον ἐχεκτεάνου νιφετοῖο· καὶ Σατύροις πολέμιζε· κορυσσομένῳ δὲ Λυαίῳ φοίνιον ὄμμα τίταινε δρακοντοκόμοιο Μεδούσης, καὶ μετὰ πικρὸν ἄνακτα πολυκλύστοιο Σερίφου λαΐνεον νέον ἄλλον ἐσαθρήσω Πολυδέκτην. 555σὺν σοὶ πανδαμάτειρα κορύσσεται Ἀργολὶς Ἥρη μητρυιὴ Βρομίοιο προασπίζων δὲ Μυκήνης σὴν δρεπάνην κούφιζε σαόπτολιν, ὄφρα νοήσω ἑσπομένην Περσῆι δορικτήτην Ἀριάδνην· κτεῖνε βοοκραίρων Σατύρων στίχα· Βασσαρίδων δὲ 560ὄμματι Γοργείῳ βροτέην μετάμειψον ὀπωπὴν εἰς βρέτας αὐτοτέλεστον ὁμοίιον· ἀντιτύπῳ δὲ κάλλεϊ πετρήεντι τεὰς κόσμησον ἀγυιάς, Ἰναχίαις ἀγορῇσιν ἀγάλματα ποικίλα τεύχων. τί τρομέεις Διόνυσον, ὃν οὐ Διὸς ἤροσαν εὐναί; 565εἰπέ, τί σοι ῥέξειε;μετάρσιον ἠεροφοίτην πεζὸς ὑπὲρ δαπέδοιο πότε πτερόεντα κιχήσει;

“Perseus Flashhelm, offspring of heavenly race ! Lift your sickle, and let not weak women lay waste your Argos with an unwarlike thyrsus. Tremble not before only one snake wreathed in the hair, when your monsterslaying sickle reaped such a harvest as the vipers of Medusa ! Attack the army of Bassarids ; remember the brazen vault which was Danae’s chamber, where Rainy Zeus poured in her bosom a shower of bridestealing gold — let not Danae after that bed, after the wedding of gold, bend a slavish knee to that nobody Dionysos. Show that you have in you the true blood of Cronion, show that you have the golden breed, proclaim the bed that received that snowstorm of heavenly riches. Make war on the Satyrs too : turn towards battling Lyaios the deadly eye of snakehair Medusa, and let me see a new Polydectes made stone after the hateful king of wavewashed Seriphos. By your side is Argive Hera in arms, allvanquishing, the stepmother of Bromios. Defend Mycene lift your sickle to save our city, that I may behold Ariadne captive of your spear following Perseus. Kill the array of bullhorned Satyrs, change with the Gorgon’s eye the human countenances of the Bassarids into like images selfmade ; with the beauty of the stone copies adorn your streets, and make statues like an artist for the Inachian market-places. Why do you tremble before Dionysos, no offspring of the bed of Zeus ? Tell me, what could he do to you ? When shall a foot-farer on the ground catch a winged traveller of the air ?

567ἔννεπε θαρσύνουσα· καὶ εἰς μόθον ἔπτατο Περσεύς. καὶ ναέτας καλέουσα Πελασγιὰς ἔβρεμε σάλπιγξ, ὧν ὁ μὲν αἰχμητῆρος ἐκούφισε Λυγκέος αἰχμήν, 570ὃς δὲ παλαιοτέροιο Φορωνέος, ὃς δὲ Πελασγοῦ, ἄλλος ἀνηέρταζεν Ἀβαντίδα χειρὶ βοείην καὶ μελίην Προίτοιο, καὶ Ἀκρισίοιο φαρέτρην ἄλλος ἀνὴρ κούφιζεν, ὁ δὲ θρασὺς εἰς μόθον ἔστη ἆορ ἔχων Δαναοῖο, τό πέρ ποτε γυμνὸν ἀείρων 575θυγατέρας θώρηξεν ἐς ἀνδροφόνους ὑμεναίους, ἄλλος ἔην κρατέων πέλεκυν μέγαν, ὃν παρὰ βωμῷ Ἴναχος ἀστυόχοιο θυηπόλος ἔνθεος Ἥρης ἵστατο κουφίζων βοέων τμητῆρα μετώπων. καὶ στρατὸς ἐγρεκύδοιμος ἀερσιπόδων ὑπὲρ ἵππων 580ἔδραμε μαρναμένου μετὰ Περσέος· ὃς δὲ παρέστη τρηχαλέοις στομάτεσσι μάχης ἀλαλαγμὸν ἰάλλων, πεζὸς ἀνήρ, καὶ τόξα συνήρμοσε κυκλάδι νευρῇ, καὶ γλαφυρὴν ἤειρεν ὑπὲρ νώτοιο φαρέτρην· καὶ πρόμος Ἀργείων δρεπανηφόρος ἔπλετο Περσεύς, 585καὶ πόδας ἠερίοισιν ἐπεσφήκωσε πεδίλοις, καὶ κεφαλὴν κούφιζεν ἀθηήτοιο Μεδούσης.

“So she encouraged him, and Perseus flew into the fray. The Pelasgian trumpet blared calling the people. They came, one lifting the spear of spearman Lynceus, one the spear of Phoroneus more ancient still, one that of Pelasgos, one carried on his arm the oxhide of Abas, and the ashplant of Proitos, another bore the quiver of Acrisios; this bold man stood up to fight holding the sword of Danaos, which once he raised naked when he armed his daughters for those husband-murdering bridals ; another again grasped the great axe which Inachos held to strike the bulls’ foreheads, when he stood as the inspired priest of Hera Cityholder.” The battlestirring host behind their prancing teams ran with Perseus to the field ; and he stood before them shouting the warcry with harsh voice, on foot himself, and shook back the rounded quiver over his shoulder, and fitted arrows to curving bow. Perseus of the sickle was champion of the Argives ; he fitted his feet into the flying shoes, and he lifted up the head of Medusa which no eyes may see.

587Λυσικόμους δʼ Ἰόβακχος ἑὰς ἐκόρυσσε γυναῖκας καὶ Σατύρους κερόεντας· ἐβακχεύθη δὲ κυδοιμῷ ἠερίην πτερόεντος ἰδὼν προμάχοιο πορείην· 590χειρὶ δὲ θύρσον ἄειρεν, ἑοῦ προβλῆτα προσώπου κουφίζων ἀδάμαντα, Διὸς πετρούμενον ὄμβρῳ λᾶαν, ἀλεξητῆρα λιθογλήνοιο Μεδούσης, ὄφρα φύγῃ σέλας ἐχθρὸν ἀθηήτοιο προσώπου.

“But Iobacchos marshalled his women with flowing locks, and Satyrs with horns. Wild for battle he was when he saw the winged champion coursing through the air. The thyrsus was held up in his hand, and to defend his face he carried a diamond, the gem made stone in the showers of Zeus which protects against the stony glare of Medusa, that the baleful light of that destroying face may do him no harm.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 47, lines 496–593: An Argive taunts Dionysos