Ovid · Metamorphoses Metamorphoses

Ovid, Metamorphoses 5.149–249: Phineus turned to stone

Perseus, outnumbered, calls to his friends to avert their eyes, and shows the Gorgon's head to one after another of his enemies, and each is turned to stone in whatever attitude he was in. Phineus, seeing his friends become statues, begs for mercy and turns away, but is changed to stone himself. Perseus then goes to Seriphos and turns King Polydectes, who had mocked him, to stone.

Lines 5.149–249 · 1126 words · click a number to copy its link
149Plus tamen exhausto superest: namque omnibus unum 150opprimere est animus, coniurata undique pugnant agmina pro causa meritum impugnante fidemque: hac pro parte socer frustra pius et nova coniunx cum genetrice favent ululatuque atria complent. Sed sonus armorum superat gemitusque cadentum, 155pollutosque semel multo Bellona penates sanguine perfundit renovataque proelia miscet. Circueunt unum Phineus et mille secuti Phinea: tela volant hiberna grandine plura praeter utrumque latus praeterque et lumen et aures. 160Applicat hic umeros ad magnae saxa columnae, tutaque terga gerens adversaque in agmina versus sustinet instantes. Instabat parte sinistra Chaonius Molpeus, dextra Nabataeus Echemmon.

These he slew; and though his strength
was nearly spent, so many more remained:
for now the multitude with one accord
conspired to slaughter him. From every side
the raging troops assailed the better cause.
In vain the pious father and the bride,
together with her mother, fill the halls
with lamentations; for the clash of arms,
the groans of fallen heroes drown their cries.—
Bellona in a sea of blood has drenched
their Household Gods, polluted by these deeds,
and she endeavours to renew the strife.
Perseus, alone against that raging throng,
is now surrounded by a myriad men,
led on by Phineus; and their flying darts,
as thick as wintry tail, are showered around
on every side, grazing his eyes and ears.—
Quickly he fixed his shoulder firm against
the rock of a great pillar, which secured
his back from danger, and he faced his foes,
and baffled their attack.

164Tigris ut auditis diversa valle duorum 165exstimulata fame mugitibus armentorum nescit, utro potius ruat, et ruere ardet utroque, sic dubius Perseus, dextra laevane feratur, Molpea traiecti submovit vulnere cruris, contentusque fuga est: neque enim dat tempus Echemmon, 170sed furit et, cupiens saltu dare vulnera collo, non circumspectis exactum viribus ensem fregit, et extrema percussae parte columnae lammina dissiluit dominique in gutture fixa est. Non tamen ad letum causas satis illa valentes 175plaga dedit: trepidum Perseus et inermia frustra bracchia tendentem Cyllenide confodit harpe. Verum ubi virtutem turbae succumbere vidit, “auxilium” Perseus “quoniam sic cogitis ipsi” dixit “ab hoste petam. Vultus avertite vestros, 180siquis amicus adest!” et Gorgonis extulit ora. “Quaere alium, tua quem moveant miracula” dixit Thescelus; utque manu iaculum fatale parabat mittere, in hoc haesit signum de marmore gestu.

Upon his left
Chaonian Molpeus pressed, and on his right
a Nabathe an called Ethemon pressed.—
As when a tiger from a valley hears
the lowing of two herds, in separate fields,
though hunger urges he not knows on which
to spring, but rages equally for each;
so, Perseus doubtful which may first attack
his left or right, knows not on which to turn,
but stands attentive witness to the flight
of Molpeus, whom he wounded in the leg.
Nor could he choose—Ethemon, full of rage,
pressed on him to inflict a fatal wound,
deep in his neck; but with incautious force
struck the stone pillar with his ringing sword
and shattered the metal blade, close to the hilt;
the flying fragment pierced its owner's neck,
but not with mortal wound. In vain he pled
for mercy, stretching forth his helpless arms:
perseus transfixed him with his glittering blade,
Cyllenian.
But when he saw his strength
was yielding to the multitude, he said,
“Since you have forced disaster on yourselves,
why should I hesitate to save myself?—
O friends, avert your faces if ye stand
before me!” And he raised Medusa's head.
Thescelus answered him; “Seek other dupes
to chase with wonders!” Just as he prepared
to hurl the deadly javelin from his hand,
he stood, unmoving in that attitude,
a marble statue.

184Proximus huic Ampyx animi plenissima magni 185pectora Lyncidae gladio petit; inque petendo dextera deriguit nec citra mota nec ultra est. At Nileus, qui se genitum septemplice Nilo ementitus erat, clipeo quoque flumina septem argento partim, partim caelaverat auro, 190“adspice” ait, “Perseu, nostrae primordia gentis: magna feres tacitas solacia mortis ad umbras, a tanto cecidisse viro”: pars ultima vocis in medio suppressa sono est, adapertaque velle ora loqui credas, nec sunt ea pervia verbis. 195Increpat hos “vitio” que “animi, non viribus” inquit “Gorgoneis torpetis” Eryx: “incurrite mecum et prosternite humi iuvenem magica arma moventem!” Incursurus erat: tenuit vestigia tellus, inmotusque silex armataque mansit imago. 200Hi tamen ex merito poenas subiere; sed unus miles erat Persei, pro quo dum pugnat, Aconteus, Gorgone conspecta saxo concrevit oborto.

Ampyx, close to him,
exulting in a mighty spirit, made
a lunge to pierce Lyncides in the breast;
but, as his sword was flashing in the air,
his right arm grew so rigid, there he stood
unable to draw back or thrust it forth.
But Nileus, who had feigned himself begot
by seven-fold Nile, and carved his shield with gold
and silver streams, alternate seven, shouted;
“Look, look! O Perseus, him from whom I sprung!
And you shall carry to the silent shades
a mighty consolation in your death,
that you were slain by such a one as I.”
But in the midst of boasting, the last words
were silenced; and his open mouth, although
incapable of motion, seemed intent
to utter speech.
Then Eryx, chiding says;
“Your craven spirits have benumbed you, not
Medusa's poison.—Come with me and strike
this youthful mover of magician charms
down to the ground.”—He started with a rush;
the earth detained his steps; it held him fast;
he could not speak; he stood, complete with arms,
a statue.
Such a penalty was theirs,
and justly earned; but near by there was one,
aconteus, who defending Perseus, saw
medusa as he fought; and at the sight
the soldier hardened to an upright stone.—
Assured he was alive, Astyages
now struck him with his long sword, but the blade
resounded with a ringing note; and there,
astonished at the sound, Astyages,
himself, assumed that nature; and remained
with wonder pictured on his marble face.

203Quem ratus Astyages etiamnum vivere, longo ense ferit: sonuit tinnitibus ensis acutis. 205Dum stupet Astyages, naturam traxit eandem, marmoreoque manet vultus mirantis in ore. Nomina longa mora est media de plebe virorum dicere: bis centum restabant corpora pugnae, Gorgone bis centum riguerunt corpora visa. 210Paenitet iniusti tunc denique Phinea belli. Sed quid agat? simulacra videt diversa figuris agnoscitque suos et nomine quemque vocatum poscit opem, credensque parum sibi proxima tangit corpora: marmor erant. Avertitur, atque ita supplex 215confessasque manus obliquaque bracchia tendens, “vincis” ait, “Perseu. Remove tua monstra tuaeque saxificos vultus, quaecumque ea, tolle Medusae, tolle, precor. Non nos odium regnique cupido compulit ad bellum: pro coniuge movimus arma. 220Causa fuit meritis melior tua, tempore nostra.

And not to weary with the names of men,
sprung from the middle classes, there remained
two hundred warriors eager for the fight—
as soon as they could see Medusa's face,
two hundred warriors stiffened into stone.
At last, repentant, Phineus dreads the war,
unjust, for in a helpless fright he sees
the statues standing in strange attitudes;
and, recognizing his adherents, calls
on each by name to rescue from that death.
Still unbelieving he begins to touch
the bodies, nearest to himself, and all
are hard stone.
Having turned his eyes away,
he stretched his hands and arms obliquely back
to Perseus, and confessed his wicked deeds;
and thus imploring spoke;
“Remove, I pray,
O Perseus, thou invincible, remove
from me that dreadful Gorgon: take away
the stone-creating countenance of thy
unspeakable Medusa! For we warred
not out of hatred, nor to gain a throne,
but clashed our weapons for a woman's sake.—
“Thy merit proved thy valid claim, and time
gave argument for mine.

221Non cessisse piget. Nihil, o fortissime, praeter hanc animam concede mihi: tua cetera sunto.” Talia dicenti neque eum, quem voce rogabat respicere audenti “quod” ait, “timidissime Phineu, 225et possum tribuisse et magnum est munus inerti, (pone metum) tribuam: nullo violabere ferro. Quin etiam mansura dabo monimenta per aevum, inque domo soceri semper spectabere nostri, ut mea se sponsi soletur imagine coniunx?” 230Dixit et in partem Phorcynida transtulit illam, ad quam se trepido Phineus obverterat ore. Tunc quoque conanti sua vertere lumina cervix deriguit, saxoque oculorum induruit umor. Sed tamen os timidum vultusque in marmore supplex 235submissaeque manus faciesque obnoxia mansit. Victor Abantiades patrios cum coniuge muros intrat et inmeriti vindex ultorque parentis adgreditur Proetum: nam fratre per arma fugato Acrisioneas Proetus possederat arces. 240Sed nec ope armorum, nec, quam male ceperat, arce torva colubriferi superavit lumina monstri. Te tamen, o parvae rector, Polydecta, Seriphi, nec iuvenis virtus per tot spectata labores nec mala mollierant, sed inexorabile durus 245exerces odium, nec iniqua finis in ira est. Detrectas etiam laudem fictamque Medusae arguis esse necem. “Dabimus tibi pignera veri. Parcite luminibus!” Perseus ait oraque regis ore Medusaeo silicem sine sanguine fecit.

It grieves me not
to yield, O bravest, only give me life,
and all the rest be thine.” Such words implored
the craven, never daring to address
his eyes to whom he spoke.
And thus returned
the valiant Perseus; “I will grant to you,
O timid-hearted Phineus! as behoves
your conduct; and it should appear a gift,
magnanimous, to one who fears to move.—
Take courage, for no steel shall violate
your carcase; and, moreover, you shall be
a monument, that ages may record
your unforgotten name. You shall be seen
thus always, in the palace where resides
my father-in-law, that my surrendered spouse
may soften her great grief when she but sees
the darling image of her first betrothed.”
He spoke, and moved Medusa to that side
where Phineus had turned his trembling face:
and as he struggled to avert his gaze
his neck grew stiff; the moisture of his eyes
was hardened into stone.—And since that day
his timid face and coward eyes and hands,
forever shall be guilty as in life.
After such deeds, victorious Perseus turned,
and sought the confines of his native land;
together with his bride; which, having reached,
he punished Proetus—who by force of arms
had routed his own brother from the throne
of Argos. By his aid Acrisius,
although his undeserving parent, gained
his citadels once more: for Proetus failed,
with all his arms and towers unjustly held,
to quell the grim-eyed monster, snake-begin.
Yet not the valour of the youth, upheld
by many labours, nor his grievous wrongs
have softened you, O Polydectes! king
of Little Seriphus; but bitter hate
ungoverned, rankles in your hardened heart—
there is no limit to your unjust rage.
Even his praises are defamed by you
and all your arguments are given to prove
Medusa's death a fraud.—Perseus rejoined;
“By this we give our true pledge of the truth,
avert your eyes!” And by Medusa's face
he made the features of that impious king
a bloodless stone.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Brookes More (1922). Original text: Hugo Magnus (ed.), Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso, Gotha: F. A. Perthes, 1892 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Brookes More, Ovid's Metamorphoses, Boston: Cornhill Publishing Company, 1922.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.