Ovid · Metamorphoses Metamorphoses

Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.1–52: The daughters of Minyas

The Theban women celebrate Dionysus (Bacchus), but the daughters of Minyas refuse to join and stay at home working at their looms. To pass the time they tell tales, and Alcithoe, after considering several stories, chooses to tell of Pyramus and Thisbe.

Lines 4.1–52 · 560 words · click a number to copy its link
1At non Alcithoe Minyeias orgia censet accipienda dei, sed adhuc temeraria Bacchum progeniem negat esse Iovis, sociasque sorores inpietatis habet. Festum celebrare sacerdos 5inmunesque operum famulas dominasque suorum pectora pelle tegi, crinales solvere vittas, serta coma, manibus frondentes sumere thyrsos iusserat, et saevam laesi fore numinis iram vaticinatus erat. Parent matresque nurusque 10telasque calathosque infectaque pensa reponunt, turaque dant Bacchumque vocant Bromiumque Lyaeumque ignigenamque satumque iterum solumque bimatrem: additur his Nyseus indetonsusque Thyoneus, et cum Lenaeo genialis consitor uvae, 15Nycteliusque Eleleusque parens et Iacchus et Euhan, et quae praeterea per Graias plurima gentes nomina, Liber, habes. Tibi enim inconsumpta iuventa est, tu puer aeternus, tu formosissimus alto conspiceris caelo, tibi, cum sine cornibus adstas, 20virgineum caput est. Oriens tibi victus, adusque decolor extremo qua tingitur India Gange: Penthea tu, venerande, bipenniferumque Lycurgum sacrilegos mactas, Tyrrhenaque mittis in aequor corpora, tu biiugum pictis insignia frenis 25colla premis lyncum; bacchae satyrique sequuntur, quique senex ferula titubantes ebrius artus sustinet et pando non fortiter haeret asello.

Alcithoe, daughter of King Minyas,
consents not to the orgies of the God;
denies that Bacchus is the son of Jove,
and her two sisters join her in that crime.
'Twas festal-day when matrons and their maids,
keeping it sacred, had forbade all toil.—
And having draped their bosoms with wild skins,
they loosed their long hair for the sacred wreaths,
and took the leafy thyrsus in their hands;—
for so the priest commanded them. Austere
the wrath of Bacchus if his power be scorned.
Mothers and youthful brides obeyed the priest;
and putting by their wickers and their webs,
dropt their unfinished toils to offer up
frankincense to the God; invoking him
with many names:—“O Bacchus! O Twice-born!
O Fire-begot! Thou only child Twice-mothered!
God of all those who plant the luscious grape!
O Liber!” All these names and many more,
for ages known—throughout the lands of Greece.
“Thy youth is not consumed by wasting time;
and lo, thou art an ever-youthful boy,
most beautiful of all the Gods of Heaven,
smooth as a virgin when thy horns are hid.—
The distant east to tawny India's clime,
where rolls remotest Ganges to the sea,
was conquered by thy might.—O Most-revered!
Thou didst destroy the doubting Pentheus,
and hurled the sailors' bodies in the deep,
and smote Lycurgus, wielder of the ax.
“And thou dost guide thy lynxes, double-yoked,
with showy harness.—Satyrs follow thee;
and Bacchanals, and old Silenus, drunk,
unsteady on his staff; jolting so rough
on his small back-bent ass; and all the way
resounds a youthful clamour; and the screams
of women! and the noise of tambourines!
And the hollow cymbals!

28Quacumque ingrederis, clamor iuvenalis et una femineae voces inpulsaque tympana palmis 30concavaque aera sonant longoque foramine buxus. “Placatus mitisque” rogant Ismenides “adsis,” iussaque sacra colunt. Solae Minyeides intus intempestiva turbantes festa Minerva aut ducunt lanas, aut stamina pollice versant, 35aut haerent telae famulasque laboribus urgent. E quibus una levi deducens pollice filum “dum cessant aliae commentaque sacra frequentant, nos quoque, quas Pallas, melior dea, detinet” inquit, “utile opus manuum vario sermone levemus: 40perque vices aliquid, quod tempora longa videri non sinat, in medium vacuas referamus ad aures.” Dicta probant primamque iubent narrare sorores. Illa, quid e multis referat (nam plurima norat), cogitat et dubia est, de te, Babylonia, narret, 45Derceti, quam versa squamis velantibus artus stagna Palaestini credunt motasse figura; an magis, ut sumptis illius filia pennis extremos albis in turribus egerit annos; nais an ut cantu nimiumque potentibus herbis 50verterit in tacitos iuvenalia corpora pisces, donec idem passa est; an, quae poma alba ferebat, ut nunc nigra ferat contactu sanguinis arbor.

and the boxwood flutes,—
fitted with measured holes.—Thou art implored
by all Ismenian women to appear
peaceful and mild; and they perform thy rites.”
Only the daughters of King Minyas
are carding wool within their fastened doors,
or twisting with their thumbs the fleecy yarn,
or working at the web. So they corrupt
the sacred festival with needless toil,
keeping their hand-maids busy at the work.
And one of them, while drawing out the thread
with nimble thumb, anon began to speak;
“While others loiter and frequent these rites
fantastic, we the wards of Pallas, much
to be preferred, by speaking novel thoughts
may lighten labour. Let us each in turn,
relate to an attentive audience,
a novel tale; and so the hours may glide.”
it pleased her sisters, and they ordered her
to tell the story that she loved the most.
So, as she counted in her well-stored mind
the many tales she knew, first doubted she
whether to tell the tale of Derceto,—
that Babylonian, who, aver the tribes
of Palestine, in limpid ponds yet lives,—
her body changed, and scales upon her limbs;
or how her daughter, having taken wings,
passed her declining years in whitened towers.
Or should she tell of Nais, who with herbs,
too potent, into fishes had transformed
the bodies of her lovers, till she met
herself the same sad fate; or of that tree
which sometime bore white fruit, but now is changed
and darkened by the blood that stained its roots.—
Pleased with the novelty of this, at once
she tells the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe;—
and swiftly as she told it unto them,
the fleecy wool was twisted into threads.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Brookes More (1922). Original text: Hugo Magnus (ed.), Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso, Gotha: F. A. Perthes, 1892 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Brookes More, Ovid's Metamorphoses, Boston: Cornhill Publishing Company, 1922.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Metamorphoses 4.1–52: The daughters of Minyas | Ovid