Ovid · Metamorphoses Metamorphoses

Ovid, Metamorphoses 2.833–875: Europa and the Bull

Hermes (Mercury) returns to Olympus, and Zeus (Jupiter) sends him to drive the herds of King Agenor down to the shore, where Agenor's daughter Europa is playing. Zeus, taking the form of a bull, wins her favour, and she climbs on his back. He carries her over the sea toward Crete.

Lines 2.833–875 · 444 words · click a number to copy its link
833Has ubi verborum poenas mentisque profanae cepit Atlantiades, dictas a Pallade terras 835linquit et ingreditur iactatis aethera pennis. Sevocat hunc genitor. Nec causam fassus amoris “fide minister” ait “iussorum, nate, meorum, pelle moram solitoque celer delabere cursu, quaeque tuam matrem tellus a parte sinistra 840suspicit (indigenae Sidonida nomine dicunt), hanc pete, quodque procul montano gramine pasci armentum regale vides, ad litora verte.” Dixit, et expulsi iamdudum monte iuvenci litora iussa petunt, ubi magni filia regis 845ludere virginibus Tyriis comitata solebat. Non bene conveniunt nec in una sede morantur maiestas et amor: sceptri gravitate relicta ille pater rectorque deum, cui dextra trisulcis ignibus armata est, qui nutu concutit orbem, 850induitur faciem tauri mixtusque iuvencis mugit et in teneris formosus obambulat herbis.

So from the land of Pallas went the God,
his great revenge accomplished on the head
of impious Aglauros; and he soared
on waving wings into the opened skies:
and there his father called him to his side,
and said,—with words to hide his passion;—Son,—
thou faithful minister of my commands.—
let naught delay thee—swiftly take the way,
accustomed, to the land of Sidon (which
adores thy mother's star upon the left)
when there, drive over to the sounding shore
that royal herd, which far away is fed
on mountain grass.—
he spoke, and instantly
the herd was driven from the mountain side;
then headed for the shore, as Jove desired,—
to where the great king's daughter often went
in play, attended by the maids of Tyre.—
can love abide the majesty of kings?
Love cannot always dwell upon a throne.—
Jove laid aside his glorious dignity,
for he assumed the semblance of a bull
and mingled with the bullocks in the groves,
his colour white as virgin snow, untrod,
unmelted by the watery Southern Wind.

852Quippe color nivis est, quam nec vestigia duri calcavere pedis nec solvit aquaticus auster. Colla toris exstant, armis palearia pendent, 855cornua parva quidem, sed quae contendere possis facta manu, puraque magis perlucida gemma. Nullae in fronte minae, nec formidabile lumen; pacem vultus habet. Miratur Agenore nata, quod tam formosus, quod proelia nulla minetur. 860Sed quamvis mitem metuit contingere primo: mox adit et flores ad candida porrigit ora. Gaudet amans et, dum veniat sperata voluptas, oscula dat manibus; vix iam, vix cetera differt. Et nunc adludit viridique exsultat in herba, 865nunc latus in fulvis niveum deponit harenis; paulatimque metu dempto modo pectora praebet virginea plaudenda manu, modo cornua sertis impedienda novis. Ausa est quoque regia virgo nescia quem premeret, tergo considere tauri, 870cum deus a terra siccoque a litore sensim falsa pedum primis vestigia ponit in undis: inde abit ulterius mediique per aequora ponti fert praedam. Pavet haec litusque ablata relictum respicit, et dextra cornum tenet, altera dorso 875imposita est; tremulae sinuantur flamine vestes.

His neck was thick with muscles, dewlaps hung
between his shoulders; and his polished horns,
so small and beautifully set, appeared
the artifice of man; fashioned as fair
and more transparent than a lucent gem.
His forehead was not lowered for attack,
nor was there fury in his open eyes;
the love of peace was in his countenance.
When she beheld his beauty and mild eyes,
the daughter of Agenor was amazed;
but, daring not to touch him, stood apart
until her virgin fears were quieted;
then, near him, fragrant flowers in her hand
she offered,—tempting, to his gentle mouth:
and then the loving god in his great joy
kissed her sweet hands, and could not wait her will.
Jove then began to frisk upon the grass,
or laid his snow-white side on the smooth sand,
yellow and golden. As her courage grew
he gave his breast one moment for caress,
or bent his head for garlands newly made,
wreathed for his polished horns.
The royal maid,
unwitting what she did, at length sat down
upon the bull's broad back. Then by degrees
the god moved from the land and from the shore,
and placed his feet, that seemed but shining hoofs,
in shallow water by the sandy merge;
and not a moment resting bore her thence,
across the surface of the Middle Sea,
while she affrighted gazed upon the shore—
so fast receding. And she held his horn
with her right hand, and, steadied by the left,
held on his ample back—and in the breeze
her waving garments fluttered as they went.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Brookes More (1922). Original text: Hugo Magnus (ed.), Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso, Gotha: F. A. Perthes, 1892 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Brookes More, Ovid's Metamorphoses, Boston: Cornhill Publishing Company, 1922.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.