Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 35.204–318: Book 35: A serpent guards Chalcomede; Hermes frees the Bacchants; Zeus rebukes Hera

When Morrheus tries to seize Chalcomede, a serpent darts from her bosom and protects her. Hermes, in the shape of Dionysos, leads the Bacchic women secretly out of the city while the guards sleep, leaving Deriades to chase shadows. Zeus wakes, rebukes Hera for her trick and orders her to heal Dionysos with her milk.

Lines 35.204–318 · 1082 words · click a number to copy its link
204ἀλλʼ ὅτε χῶρον ἔρημον ἐσέδρακεν ἅρμενον εὐναῖς, 205τολμηρὴν παλάμην ὀρέγων αἰδήμονι νύμφῃ εἵματος ἀψαύστοιο σαόφρονος ἥψατο κούρης· καί νύ κεν ἀμφίζωστον ἑλὼν εὐήνορι δεσμῷ νυμφιδίῳ σπινθῆρι βιήσατο θυιάδα κούρην· ἀλλά τις ἀχράντοιο δράκων ἀνεπήλατο κόλπου, 210παρθενικῆς ἀγάμοιο βοηθόος, ἀμφὶ δὲ μίτρην ἀμφιλαφὴς κυκλοῦτο φυλάκτορι γαστέρος ὁλκῷ· ὀξὺ δὲ συρίζοντος ἀσιγήτων ἀπὸ λαιμῶν πέτραι ἐμυκήσαντο· φόβῳ δʼ ἐλελίζετο Μορρεὺς αὐχένιον μύκημα νόθης σάλπιγγος ἀκούων, 215παπταίνων ἀγάμοιο προασπιστῆρα κορείης· καὶ πρόμος ἀμφιέλικτος ἀνεπτοίησε μαχητήν, οὐρὴν ἀγκυλόκυκλον ἐπʼ αὐχένι φωτὸς ἑλίξας, ἔγχος ἔχων στόμα λάβρον· ἐτοξεύοντο δὲ πολλοὶ ἰὸν ἀκοντίζοντες ἐχιδνήεντες ὀιστοί· 220οἱ μὲν ἀμιτρώτοιο διαΐσσοντες ἐθείρης, οἱ δὲ δρακοντοκόμοιο διʼ ἰξύος, οἱ δʼ ἀπὸ κόλπου Ἄρεα συρίζοντες ἐβακχεύοντο μαχηταί.

But when Morrheus had seen a lonely spot suitable for lying down, he stretched out a daring hand towards the modest girl and caught the chaste maiden’s inviolate dress. And now he would have seized her and girt her about with a strong man’s arms, and ravished the maiden votary in the flame of a bridegroom’s desire; but a serpent darted out of her immaculate bosom to protect the virgin maid, and curled about her waist guarding her body all round with its belly’s coils. A sharp hiss issued unceasing from his throat and made the rocks resound. Morrheus trembled for fear when he heard the bellow, coming out from the throat for all the world like a trumpet, and saw this champion of unwedded maidenhood. The coiled defender terrified the man of war; he curled his tail round the man’s neck in twisted coils, with his wild mouth for a lance, and many a snaky shaft came darting poison against him, some darting through her uncoifed hair, some from her snakeprotected loins, some from her breast, wild warriors hissing death.

223ὄφρα μὲν ὑψιλόφοιο πρὸ ἄστεος ἵστατο Μορρεύς, Χαλκομέδην δολόεσσαν ἀνήνυτον εἰς γάμον ἕλκων, 225τόφρα δὲ Βασσαρίδος στρατιῆς εὔοπλος Ἐνυὼ ἔγχος ἀτειρήεντος ἀλεύατο Δηριαδῆος. καὶ γὰρ ἀπʼ Οὐλύμποιο θορὼν ὠκύπτερος Ἑρμῆς, ἀντίτυπον Βρομίοιο φέρων ἴνδαλμα προσώπου, Βακχείην ἐκάλεσσεν ὅλην στίχα μύστιδι φωνῇ· 230δαιμονίην δὲ γυναῖκες ὅτʼ ἔκλυον Εὔιον ἠχώ, εἰς ἕνα χῶρον ἵκανον· ἀπὸ τριόδων δὲ κομίζων Μαιναλίδων ὅλον ἔθνος ἐς ἀγκύλα κύκλα κελεύθου ἤγαγεν ὠκυπέδιλος, ἕως σχεδὸν ἤιε πύργων· καὶ φυλάκων στοιχηδὸν ἀκοιμήτοισιν ὀπωπαῖς 235νήδυμον ὕπνον ἔχευεν ἑῇ πανθελγέι ῥάβδῳ φώριος Ἑρμείας, πρόμος ἔννυχος· ἐξαπίνης δὲ Ἰνδοῖς μὲν ζόφος ἦεν, ἀθηήτοισι δὲ Βάκχαις φέγγος ἔην ἀδόκητον· ἀδουπήτων δὲ γυναικῶν λάθριος ἡγεμόνευε διʼ ἄστεος ἄπτερος Ἑρμῆς· 240χειρὶ δὲ θεσπεσίῃ βριαρὴν κληῖδα πυλάων ἠλιβάτων ὤιξε, καὶ ἠέλιος πέλε Βάκχαις.

While Morrheus remained in front of the towering city, trying without success to drag the resourceful Chalcomede to his lust, the armed company of Bassarids was saved from the spear of untiring Deriades. For swiftwing Hermes came in haste from Olympos, wearing a semblance like the face of Bromios and summoned the whole company of Bacchants in his mystic voice. When the women heard the divine Euian sounds, they gathered into one place ; Swiftshoe brought them from the threeways and led the whole tribe of Mainalids by crooked winding lanes until he was near the walls. Then furtive Hermeias; the warrior by night, with his all charming rod shed refreshing sleep on the unresting eyes of the guards in order. Suddenly for the Indians there was darkness, for the unseen Bacchants there was light unexpected. The women made no noise as Hermes led them secretly through the city without his wings. With his divine hand he opened the forbidding lock of the precipitous gates, and for the Bacchants the sun was there.

242Ἠματίην δʼ ὅτε νύκτα φαεσφόρος ἤλασεν Ἑρμῆς, Δηριάδης ὑπέροπλος ἔχων ἀτέλεστον ἀπειλὴν Βασσαρίδων μάστευε λιπόπτολιν ἑσμὸν ὁδίτην. 245ὡς δʼ ὅτε τις κατὰ νύκτα βαθυπλούτοις ἐν ὀνείροις τέρπεται ἀπρήκτοισιν ἐπʼ ἐλπωρῇσιν, ἀείρων ἀφνειαῖς παλάμῃσι μινυνθαδίου χύσιν ὄλβου, ὑπναλέων κτεάνων ἀπατήλιον ἐλπίδα βόσκων· ἀλλʼ ὅτε φαινομένης ῥοδοειδέος ἠριγενείης 250χάζεται εὐκτεάνοιο παλίλλυτος ὄψις ὀνείρου, σὺν κενεαῖς παλάμῃσιν ἐγείρεται, οὐδὲν ἀείρων, ῥίψας κλεψινόων σκιοειδέα τέρψιν ὀνείρων· ὣς τότε Δηριάδης, ὅτε μὲν ζόφος εἶχεν ἀγυιάς, τέρπετο Βασσαρίδων δοκέων αὐτόσσυτον ἄγρην 255ἀμφιέπειν ἔντοσθεν ἐεργομένων πυλεώνων, ψευδομένην ἀνόνητον ἔχων σκιοειδέα νίκην· ἀλλʼ ὅτε φέγγος ἔλαμψε, καὶ οὐκέτι δέρκετο Βάκχας, ὡς ὄναρ ἔδραμε πάντα, καὶ ἴαχε πενθάδι φωνῇ. ὡς Διὶ καὶ Φαέθοντι χολώετο καὶ Διονύσῳ, 260Μαιναλίδας φυγάδας διζήμενος. ἀμφὶ δὲ πύργους Βασσαρίδες κελάδησαν ἀνάμπυκες Εὐάδι φωνῇ.

When Lightbringer Hermes had dispersed this night-by-day, haughty Deriades thwarted in his threats searched for the swarms of Bassarids who had just walked out of the city. As one dreaming in the night of boundless riches is happy in his unattainable hopes, and lifts in full hands the flood of wealth which will soon be gone, feeding the deceptive hope of his dream-fortune ; but when rosy dawn appears, the fortune of his dreams fades and vanishes like a vision, and he awakes with empty hands, holding nothing, and loses the shadowy happiness of his delusive dream: so then Deriades, while darkness covered the streets, was happy, thinking that he held the captive Bassarids ready to come hurrying to him within closed gates, although his victory was a useless deceptive shadow ; but when the light came, and he saw no Bacchants, all was gone like a dream, and he cried in a mournful voice, indignant with Zeus and Phaéthon and Dionysos, as he searched for the fugitive Mainalids. But around the walls the Bassarids unveiled shouted with Euian voice. Then Deriades set out in pursuit for the second time.

262Δηριάδης δʼ ἐδίωκε τὸ δεύτερον, ἔγρετο δὲ Ζεὺς Καυκάσου ἐν κορυφῇσιν ἀπορρίψας πτερὸν Ὕπνου· καὶ δόλον ἠπεροπῆα μαθὼν κακοεργέος Ἥρης 265Σειληνοὺς ἐδόκευε πεφυζότας, ἔδρακε Βάκχας σπερχομένας ἀγεληδὸν ἀπὸ τριόδων, ἀπὸ πύργων, καὶ Σατύρους κείροντα καὶ ἀμώοντα γυναῖκας Δηριάδην ἐνόησεν ὀπίστερον, ὄρχαμον Ἰνδῶν, υἱέα δʼ ἐν δαπέδῳ κατακείμενον· ἀμφὶ δὲ νύμφαι 270ἐγγὺς ἔσαν στεφανηδόν· ὁ δʼ ἐν στροφάλιγγι κονίης κεῖτο καρηβαρέων, ὀλιγοδρανὲς ἄσθμα τιταίνων, ἀφρὸν ἀκοντίζων χιονώδεα, μάρτυρα λύσσης. καὶ φθονερῆς ἤλεγξε δόλον δυσμήχανον Ἥρης, καὶ δολίην παράκοιτιν ἐμέμψατο κέντορι μύθῳ· 275καί νύ κεν ἀχλυόεντος ὁμέστιον Ἰαπετοῖο ὕπνον ὀμιχλήεντι κατεκλήισσε βερέθρῳ, εἰ μὴ Νὺξ ἱκέτευε, θεῶν δμήτειρα καὶ ἀνδρῶν. καὶ μόγις εὐνήσας ὀλοὸν χόλον ἴαχεν Ἥρῃ·

Zeus awoke on the peaks of Caucasos and threw off the wing of sleep. He understood the beguiling trick of Hera the mischiefmaker when he saw the Seilenoi in flight, when he saw the Bacchant women hurrying in herds from the threeways and the walls, and behind them the Indian chieftain Deriades, cutting down Satyrs and mowing down women ; he saw his own son lying upon the ground, and the nymphs all round him in a ring, but he lay in the whirling dust heavy-headed, half-fainting, breathing hard, sputtering white foam to witness his frenzy. Then Zeus disclosed Hera’s mischievous contrivance, and reproached his deceitful consort with stinging words. And now indeed he would have imprisoned Sleep in the darksome pit of gloom to dwell along with murky Iapetos, but for the prayers of Night the vanquisher of gods and men. So Zeus calmed his savage resentment with difficulty, and cried out to Hera :

279οὔ πω ἐμῆς Σεμέλης ἐκορέσσαο, δύσμαχος Ἥρη, 280ἀλλʼ ἔτι καὶ φθιμένῃ τάχα χώεαι; οὐδὲ καὶ αὐτὴ σὸν κότον ἐπρήυνεν ἀτέρμονα νυμφιδίη φλόξ, λέκτρα διασκεδάσασα Διοβλήτοιο Θυώνης; Ἰνδοφόνῳ τέο μέχρις ἐπιβρίθεις Διονύσῳ; ἅζεο σοὺς προτέρους πάλιν ἄκμονας· εἰσέτι κεῖνοι, 285εἰσέτι μοι παρέασιν ἀρηγόνες, οὓς ποσὶ δήσας ὑμετέροις ἔσφιγξα· σὺ δʼ ἄστατος ὑψόθι γαίης αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι μετάρσιον εἶχες ἀνάγκην· καὶ θρασὺς ἐν νεφέλῃσι περίπλοκον ὑψόθι γαίης δέσμιον εἶδεν Ἄρης σε, καὶ οὐ χραίσμησε τεκούσῃ· 290οὐ πυρόεις Ἥφαιστος ἐπήρκεσεν· οὐ δύναται γὰρ τλήμεναι αἰθαλόεντος ἕνα σπινθῆρα κεραυνοῦ. δήσω σὰς παλάμας χρυσέῳ πάλιν ἠθάδι δεσμῷ· Ἄρεα δʼ ἀρραγέεσσιν ἀλυκτοπέδῃσι πεδήσω καί μιν ἀναλθήτοισιν ὅλον πληγῇσιν ἱμάσσω, 295εἰς τροχὸν αὐτοκύλιστον ὁμόδρομον, οἷος ἀλήτης Τάνταλος ἠερόφοιτος ἢ Ἰξίων μετανάστης· εἰσόκε νικήσειεν ἐμὸς πάις υἱέας Ἰνδῶν.

Have you not yet been cruel enough to my Semele, invincible Hera? Must you still be bitter against her though dead? So even the bridal flame itself could not assuage your unending rancour, when it scattered abroad the bed of Thyone struck by Zeus! How long will you oppress Dionysos the Indianslayer ? Do not forget those stones of long ago! I have them still, I have them ready for use —the ones I tied fast on to your feet: there you dangled in the sky and the clouds high above the earth, and suffered tortures! Bold Ares saw you tied up and wrapt in clouds high above the earth, but he could not help his mother. Fiery Hephaistos could not help, for he cannot stand one spark of blazing thunderbolt. I will tie up your hands again in that same old golden chain. Ares I will fasten with galling fetters unbreakable to whirl upon a selfrolling wheel, to run with him, like a Tantalos travelling the skies or a banished Ixion: I will flog him all over with stripes incurable until my son shall conquer the sons of India.

298ἀλλὰ τεῷ Κρονίωνι χαρίζεαι, αἴ κεν ἐλάσσῃς λύσσαν ἐριπτοίητον ἱμασσομένου Διονύσου, 300μηδὲ λίπῃς κοτέοντα τεὸν πόσιν, ἀλλὰ μολοῦσα Ἰνδῴης ἀκίχητος ὑπὸ κλέτας εὔβοτον ὕλης Βάκχῳ μαζὸν ὄρεξον ἐμὴν μετὰ μητέρα Ῥείην, ὄφρα τελειοτέροισιν ἑοῖς στομάτεσσιν ἀρύσσῃ σὴν ἱερὴν ῥαθάμιγγα προηγήτειραν Ὀλύμπου, 305καὶ βατὸν αἰθέρα τεῦξον ἐπιχθονίῳ Διονύσῳ· ὑμετέρῳ δὲ γάλακτι δέμας χρίσασα Λυαίου σβέσσον ἀμερσινόοιο δυσειδέα λύματα νούσου. καί σοι ἐπεντύνω γέρας ἄξιον· ὑμετέρῃ γὰρ στηρίξω κατʼ Ὄλυμπον ἐοικότα κύκλον ἐέρσῃ, 310Ἡραίοιο γάλακτος ἐπώνυμον, ὄφρα γεραίρω ἰκμάδα πασιμέλουσαν ἀλεξικάκου σέο μαζοῦ· μοῦνον ἐμοὶ πεφύλαξο Διὸς φιλότεκνον ἀπειλήν, μηδὲ πάλιν δόλον ἄλλον ἐπεντύνῃς Διονύσῳ.

“But how kind you would be to your Cronion, if you will only drive that distracting madness from tormented Dionysos! Do not fail your provoked husband ; but go uncaught to the fertile slope of the woodland pastures of India, and offer your breast to Bacchos as once did my mother Rheia ; let him draw with his lips older grown your holy drops, and by that draught lead him on the way to Olympos and make heaven lawful ground for the feet of earthborn Dionysos. Anoint with your milk the body of Lyaios, and cleanse the ugly stains of mind-robbing disease. And I offer you a worthy reward ; for I will place in Olympos a circle, image of that flow “named after Hera’s milk, to honour the all famous sap of your saviour breast. Only I pray you beware of the menace of Zeus, and stretch again no other net of deceit for Dionysos his beloved son.”’

314ὣς εἰπὼν προέηκε παλίγκοτον εὐνέτιν Ἥρην 315Βακχείης κακότητος ἀλεξήτειραν ἀνάγκῃ, ἵλαον εὐάντητον ἀτυζομένῳ Διονύσῳ, ὄφρα δέμας Βρομίοιο γαλαξαίῃσιν ἐέρσαις χειρὶ περιχρίσειε θεοτρεφέων ἀπὸ μαζῶν.

So saying, he dismissed his resentful consort Hera, to heal the trouble of Bacchos against her will, to be gracious and friendly towards afflicted Dionysos, that her hands might salve the body of Bromios with the milky dew from her godnursing breasts.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.