Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 48.328–473: Book 48: Aura insults Artemis; Nemesis is sent against her

Bathing beside Artemis, Aura stares at the goddess and mocks her breasts and her claim to virginity, boasting of her own boyish strength. Artemis, furious, appeals to Nemesis for vengeance. Nemesis pursues Aura in her griffin car and strikes her with her whip, and Eros makes Dionysos mad with love for the girl.

Lines 48.328–473 · 1415 words · click a number to copy its link
328Αὔρη δʼ ἀμφιέλισσαν ἑὴν ἀνέκοψεν ἱμάσθλην, καὶ κεμάδας χρυσέοισιν ἀνακρούουσα χαλινοῖς 330ἀμφὶ ῥοὰς ἔστησε φεραυγέα δίφρον ἀνάσσης· καὶ θεὸς ἐκ δίφροιο κατέδραμεν· ἐκ δέ οἱ ὤμων τόξα μὲν Οὖπις ἔδεκτο, καὶ ἰοδόκην Ἑκαέργη, Ὠκεανοῦ δὲ θύγατρες ἐύπλοκα δίκτυα θήρης· καὶ κύνας . . . ἐνδρομίδας δὲ ποδῶν ἀνελύσατο Λοξώ. 335ἡ δὲ μεσημβρίζουσα σέβας φιλοπάρθενον αἰδοῦς ἐν προχοαῖς ἐφύλαξε, διερπύζουσα ῥοάων ἴχνεσι φειδομένοισι, καὶ ἐκ ποδὸς ἄχρι καρήνου ἀμφιπερισφίγγουσα πόδας διδυμάονι μηρῷ ἀκροβαφῆ κατὰ βαιὸν ἀναστείλασα χιτῶνα, 340κρυπτόμενον μετρηδὸν ὅλον δέμας ἔκλυσε κούρη. λοξὰ δὲ παπταίνουσα διʼ ὕδατος εὔσκοπος Αὔρη τολμηροῖς βλεφάροισιν ἀναιδήτοιο προσώπου ἁγνὸν ἀθηήτοιο δέμας διεμέτρεε κούρης, θέσκελον εἰσορόωσα σαόφρονος εἶδος ἀνάσσης· 345καὶ πόδας ἁπλώσασα τιταινομένων παλαμάων δαίμονι νηχομένῃ συνενήχετο παρθένος Αὔρη. ἡμιφανὴς δʼ ἀτέλεστος ἔσω ποταμηίδος ὄχθης ἰκμαλέας ῥαθάμιγγας ἀποσμήξασα κομάων . . . Ἄρτεμις ἀγροτέρη· σχεδόθεν δέ οἱ ἀγρότις Αὔρη 350μαζοὺς ἀμφαφόωσα θεημάχον ἴαχε φωνήν·

Then Aura checked her swinging whip, and holding up the prickets with the golden bridles, brought the radiant car of her mistress to a standstill beside the stream. The goddess leapt out of the car Upis took the bow from her shoulders, and Hecaerge the quiver ; the daughters of Oceanos took off the well-strung hunting-nets, and [another took charge of] the dogs ; Loxo loosed the boots from her feet. She in the midday heat still guarded her maiden modesty in the river, moving through the water with cautious step, and lifting her tunic little by little from foot to head with the edge touching the surface, keeping the two feet and thighs close together and hiding her body as she bathed the whole by degrees.” Aura looked sideways through the water with the daring gaze of her sharp eyes unashamed, and scanned the holy frame of the virgin who may not be seen, examining the divine beauty of her chaste mistress ; virgin Aura stretched out her arms and feet at full length and swam by the side of the swimming divinity. Now Artemis lady of the hunt [stood] half visible on the river bank, and wrung out the dripping water from her hair ; Aura the maid of the hunt stood by her side, and stroked her breasts and uttered these impious words :

351Ἄρτεμι, μοῦνον ἔχεις φιλοπάρθενον οὔνομα κούρης, θῆλυν ἔχεις Παφίης, οὐκ ἄρσενα μαζὸν Ἀθήνης, ὅττι διὰ στέρνων κεχαλασμένον ἄντυγα θηλῆς καὶ ῥοδέους σπινθῆρας ὀιστεύουσι παρειαί· 355ἀλλὰ δέμας μεθέπουσα ποθοβλήτοιο θεαίνης καὶ σὺ γάμων βασίλευε σὺν ἁβροκόμῳ Κυθερείῃ, δεξαμένη θαλάμοις τινὰ νυμφίον· ἢν δʼ ἐθελήσῃς, Ἑρμείῃ παρίαυε καὶ Ἄρεϊ, λεῖψον Ἀθήνην· ἢν δʼ ἐθέλῃς, ἀνάειρε βέλος καὶ τόξον Ἐρώτων, 360εἰ μεθέπεις θρασὺν οἶστρον ὀιστοκόμοιο φαρέτρης. ἱλήκοι τεὸν εἶδος· ἐγὼ σέο μᾶλλον ἀρείων· δέρκεο, πῶς μεθέπω βριαρὸν δέμας· ἠνίδε μορφὴν ἄρσενα καὶ Ζεφύροιο θοώτερον ἴχνιον Αὔρης· δέρκεο, πῶς σφριγόωσι βραχίονες· ἠνίδε μαζοὺς 365ὄμφακας οἰδαίνοντας ἀθήλεας· ἦ τάχα φαίης, ὅττι τεοὶ γλαγόεσσαν ἀναβλύζουσιν ἐέρσην· πῶς παλάμην μεθέπεις ἁπαλόχροα; πῶς σέο μαζοὶ οὔ τινα κύκλον ἔχουσι περίτροχον, οἷά περ Αὔρης,

“Artemis, you only have the name of a virgin maid, because your rounded breasts are full and soft, a woman’s breasts like the Paphian, not a man’s like Athena, and your cheeks shed a rosy radiance ! Well, since you have a body like that desirous goddess, why not be queen of marriage as well as Cythereia with her wealth of fine hair, and receive a bridegroom into your chamber ? If it please you, leave Athena and sleep with Hermes and Ares. If it please you, take up the bow and arrows of the loves, if your passion is so strong for a quiver full of arrows. I ask pardon of your beauty, but I am much better than you. See what a vigorous body I have ! Look at Aura’s body like a boy’s, and her step swifter than Zephyros ! See the muscles upon my arms, look at my breasts, round and unripe, not like a woman. You might almost say that yours are swelling with drops of milk ! Why are your arms so tender, why are your breasts not round like Aura’s, to tell the world themselves of unviolated maidenhood ?

369αὐτόματοι κήρυκες ἀσυλήτοιο κορείης; 370ἔννεπε κερτομέουσα· κατηφιόωσα δὲ σιγῇ σύννομος οἰδαίνοντι χόλῳ κυμαίνετο δαίμων, καὶ φονίους σπινθῆρας ἀνηκόντιζον ὀπωπαί· ἐκ προχοῆς δʼ ἀνέπαλτο, πάλιν δʼ ἔνδυνε χιτῶνα, καὶ καθαραῖς λαγόνεσσι τὸ δεύτερον ἥρμοσε μίτρην 375ἀχνυμένη. νέμεσιν δὲ μετήιεν· εὗρε δὲ κούρην ὑψινεφῆ παρὰ Ταῦρον, ὅπῃ παρὰ γείτονι Κύδνῳ παῦσε Τυφαονίης ὑψαύχενα κόμπον ἀπειλῆς· καὶ τροχὸς αὐτοκύλιστος ἔην παρὰ ποσσὶν ἀνάσσης σημαίνων, ὅτι πάντας ἀγήνορας εἰς πέδον ἕλκει 380ὑψόθεν εἰλυφόωσα δίκης ποινήτορι κύκλῳ, δαίμων πανδαμάτειρα, βίου στρωφῶσα πορείην· ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ πεπότητο παρὰ θρόνον ὄρνις ἀλάστωρ, γρὺψ πτερόεις, πισύρων δὲ ποδῶν κουφίζετο παλμῷ δαίμονος ἱπταμένης αὐτάγγελος, ὅττι καὶ αὐτὴ 385τέτραχα μοιρηθέντα διέρχεται ἕδρανα κόσμου· ἀνέρας ὑψιλόφους ἀλύτῳ σφίγγουσα χαλινῷ, ἀντίτυπον μίμημα, καὶ ὡς κακότητος ἱμάσθλῃ, ὡς τροχὸν αὐτοκύλιστον, ἀγήνορα φῶτα κυλίνδει. ἔγνω δʼ ὡς ἐνόησε θεὰ χλοάοντι προσώπῳ 390Ἄρτεμιν ἀχνυμένην φονίης πλήθουσαν ἀπειλῆς, καί μιν ἀνειρομένη φιλίῳ μειλίξατο μύθῳ· σὸν χόλον, ἰοχέαιρα, τεαὶ βοόωσιν ὀπωπαί·

So she spoke in raillery ; the goddess listened downcast in boding silence. Waves of anger swelled in her breast, her flashing eyes had death in their look. She leapt up from the stream and put on her tunic again, and once more fitted the girdle upon her pure loins, offended. She betook herself to Nemesis, and found her on the heights of Tauros in the clouds, where beside neighbour Cydnos she had ended the proudnecked boasting of Typhon’s threats.’ A wheel turned itself round before the queen’s feet, signifying that she rolls all the proud from on high to the ground with the avenging wheel of justice, she the allvanquishing deity who turns the path of life. Round her throne flew a bird of vengeance, a griffin flying with wings, or balancing himself on four feet, to go unbidden before the flying goddess and show that she herself traverses the four separate quarters of the world : highcrested men she bridles with her bit which none can shake off, such is the meaning of the image, and she rolls a haughty fellow about as it were with the whip of misery, like a self-rolling wheel.” When the goddess beheld Artemis with pallid face, she knew that she was offended and full of deadly threatenings, and questioned her in friendly words :

393Ἄρτεμι, τίς κλονέει σε θεημάχος υἱὸς Ἀρούρης; τίς πάλιν ἐβλάστησεν ὑπὲρ δαπέδοιο Τυφωεύς; 395μὴ Τιτυὸς παλίνορσος ἐρωμανὲς ὄμμα τιταίνων εἵματος ἀψαύστοιο τεῆς ἔψαυσε τεκούσης; Ἄρτεμι, πῇ σέο τόξα καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος ὀιστοί; τίς πάλιν Ὠρίων σε βιάζεται; εἰσέτι κεῖται κεῖνος, ὃς ὑμετέροιο τάλας ἔψαυσε χιτῶνος, 400μητρὸς ἔσω λαγόνων νέκυς ἄπνοος· εἰ δέ τις ἀνὴρ χερσὶ ποθοβλήτοισι τεῶν ἐδράξατο πέπλων, σκορπίον ἄλλον ἄεξε τεῆς ποινήτορα μίτρης· εἰ δὲ πάλιν θρασὺς Ὦτος ἢ αὐχήεις Ἐφιάλτης συζυγίην μενέαινε τεῶν ἀκίχητον Ἐρώτων, 405κτεῖνον ἀνυμφεύτοιο τεῆς μνηστῆρα κορείης· εἰ δὲ γυνὴ πολύτεκνος ἀνιάζει σέο Λητώ, ἄλλη λαϊνέη Νιόβη κλαύσειε γενέθλην· τίς φθόνος, εἰ λίθον ἄλλον ὑπὲρ Σιπύλοιο τελέσσω; μή σε πατὴρ διὰ λέκτρα μετὰ γλαυκῶπιν ὀρίνει; 410μὴ τεὸν Ἑρμάωνι γάμον κατένευσε Κρονίων, οἷα καὶ Ἡφαίστῳ καθαρῆς ὑμέναιον Ἀθήνης; εἰ δὲ γυνὴ κλονέει σε, τεὴν ἅτε μητέρα Λητώ, ἔσσομαι ἀχνυμένης τιμήορος ἰοχεαίρης.

“Your looks, Archeress, proclaim your anger. Artemis, what impious son of Earth persecutes you ? What second Typhoeus has sprung up from the ground ? Has Tityos risen again rolling a lovemad eye, and touched the robe of your untouchable mother ? Where is your bow, Artemis, where are Apollo’s arrows ? What Orion is using force against you once more ? The wretch that touched your dress still lies in his mother’s flanks, a lifeless corpse ; if any man has clutched your garments with lustful hands, grow another scorpion to avenge your girdle. If bold Otos again, or boastful Ephialtes, has desired to win your love so far beyond his reach, then slay the pretender to your unwedded virginity. If some prolific wife provokes your mother Leto, let her weep for her children, another Niobe of stone. Why should not I make another stone on Sipylos ? Is your father pestering you to marry as he did with Athena ? Surely Cronion has not promised you to Hermes for a wife, as he promised pure Athena to Hephaistos in wedlock ? But if some woman is persecuting you as one did to your mother Leto, I will be the avenger of the offended Archeress.”

414οὔ πω μῦθος ἔληγεν· ἀλεξικάκῳ δὲ θεαίνῃ 415τοῖον ἔπος φθαμένη σκυλακοτρόφος ἴαχε κούρη·

She had not finished, when the puppybreeding maiden broke in and said to the goddess who saves from evil :

416Παρθένε πανδαμάτειρα, κυβερνήτειρα γενέθλης, οὐ Ζεύς, οὐ Νιόβη με, καὶ οὐ θρασὺς Ὦτος ὀρίνει· οὐ Τιτυὸς βαθύπεπλον ἐμὴν ἀνεσείρασε Λητώ· οὐ νέος Ὠρίων με βιάζεται, υἱὸς Ἀρούρης· 420ἀλλά με κερτομέουσα βαρύστομος ὀξέι μύθῳ ἤκαχε Ληλάντοιο πάις, δυσπάρθενος Αὔρη· ἀλλὰ τί σοι τάδε πάντα διίξομαι; αἰδέομαι γὰρ αἶσχος ἐμῶν μελέων ἐνέπειν καὶ ὀνείδεα μαζῶν· μητρὶ δʼ ἐμῇ πάθον ἄλγος ὁμοίιον· ἀμφότερον γὰρ 425ἐν Φρυγίῃ Νιόβη διδυμητόκον ἤκαχε Λητώ, καὶ πάλιν ἐν Φρυγίῃ με θεημάχος ἤκαχεν Αὔρη· ἀλλʼ ἡ μὲν νόθον εἶδος ἀμειψαμένη πόρε ποινήν, Τανταλὶς αἰνοτόκεια, καὶ εἰσέτι δάκρυα λείβει ὄμμασι πετραίοισιν· ἀνιηθεῖσα δὲ μούνη 430αἶσχος ἔχω νήποινον, ἐπεὶ φιλοπάρθενος Αὔρη δάκρυσιν οὐ λίθον εἶχε λελουμένον, οὐκ ἴδε πηγὴν μῶμον ἀπαγγέλλουσαν ἀφειδέος ἀνθερεῶνος. ἀλλὰ σὺ κυδαίνουσα τεὴν Τιτηνίδα φύτλην δὸς μετὰ μητρῴην ἑτέρην χάριν, ὄφρα νοήσω 435λαϊνέης ἀτίνακτον ἀμειβομένης δέμας Αὔρης· μηδὲ τεὴν ἔμφυλον ὀδυρομένην λίπε κούρην, μή μοι ἐπεγγελόωσαν ἴδω πάλιν ἄτροπον Αὔρην, ἠέ μιν οἰστρήσειε τεὴ χαλκήλατος ἅρπη.

“Virgin all vanquishing, guide of creation, Zeus pesters me not, nor Niobe, nor bold Otos ; no Tityos has dragged at the long robes of my Leto ; no new son of Earth like Orion forces me : no, it is that sour virgin Aura, the daughter of Lelantos, who mocks me and offends me with rude sharp words. But how can I tell you all she said ? I am ashamed to describe her calumny of my body and her abuse of my breasts. I have suffered just as my mother did : we are both alike — in Phrygia Niobe offended Leto the mother of twins, in Phrygia again impious Aura offended me. But Niobe paid for it by passing into a changeling form, that daughter of Tantalos whose children were her sorrow, and she still weeps with stony eyes ; I alone am insulted and bear my disgrace without vengeance, but Aura the champion of chastity has washed no stone with tears, she has seen no fountain declaring the faults of her uncontrolled tongue. I pray you, uphold the dignity of your Titan birth. Grant me a boon like my mother, that I may see Aura’s body transformed into stone immovable ; leave not a maiden of your own race in sorrow, that I may not see Aura mocking me again and not to be turned — or let your sickle of beaten bronze drive her to madness !

439ὣς φαμένην θάρσυνε θεὰ καὶ ἀμείβετο μύθῳ·

She spoke, and the goddess replied with encouraging words :

440Λητῴη φυγόδεμνε, κυνοσσόε, σύγγονε Φοίβου, οὐ μὲν ἐμῷ δρεπάνῳ Τιτηνίδα παῖδα δαμάσσω, οὐδέ μιν ἐν Φρυγίῃ τελέσω πετρώδεα νύμφην, Τιτήνων γεγαυῖα παλαίτατον αἷμα καὶ αὐτή, μή ποτέ μοι μέμψαιτο πατὴρ Λήλαντος ἀκούων· 445ἓν δέ σοι, ἰοχέαιρα, χαρίζομαι· ἀγρότις Αὔρη παρθενικὴν ἤλεγξε, καὶ οὐκέτι παρθένος ἔσται· καί μιν ἐσαθρήσειας ὀρεσσιχύτου διὰ κόλπου δάκρυσι πηγαίοισιν ὀδυρομένην ἔτι μίτρην. εἶπε παρηγορέουσα· καὶ οὔρεα κάλλιπε κούρη

“Chaste daughter of Leto, huntress, sister of Phoibos, I will not use my sickle to chastise a Titan girl, I will not make the maiden a stone in Phrygia, for I am myself born of the ancient race of Titans, and her father Lelantos might blame me when he heard : but one boon I will grant you, Archeress. Aura the maid of the hunt has reproached your virginity, and she shall be a virgin no longer. You shall see her in the bed of a mountain stream weeping fountains of tears for her maiden girdle.”

450Ἄρτεμις ἑζομένη κεμάδων τετράζυγι δίφρῳ, καὶ Φρυγίης ἐπέβαινεν. ὁμοζήλῳ δὲ πορείῃ παρθένος Ἀδρήστεια μετήιε δύσμαχον Αὔρην, γρῦπας ἁμιλλητῆρας ὑποζεύξασα χαλινῷ· καὶ ταχινὴ πεφόρητο διʼ ἠέρος ὀξέι δίφρῳ, 455καὶ δρόμον ἐστήριξεν ὑπὲρ Σιπύλοιο καρήνων Τανταλίδος προπάροιθε λιθογλήνοιο προσώπου, πτηνῶν τετραπόδων σκολιοὺς σφίγγουσα χαλινούς. αὔρης δʼ ἐγγὺς ἵκανεν ἀγήνορος· ὑψίνοον δὲ αὐχένα δειλαίης ὀφιώδεϊ τύψεν ἱμάσθλῃ, 460καί μιν ἀνεστυφέλιξε δίκης τροχοειδέι κύκλῳ, καὶ νόον ἄφρονα κάμψεν ἀκαμπέος· ἀμφὶ δὲ μίτρην παρθενικῆς ἐλέλιζεν ἐχιδνήεσσαν ἱμάσθλην Ἀργολὶς Ἀδρήστεια· χαριζομένη δὲ θεαίνῃ, καὶ μάλα περ κοτέοντι κασιγνήτῳ Διονύσῳ, 465ὥπλισεν ἄλλον ἔρωτα, καὶ εἰ πέλε νῆις Ἐρώτων, Παλλήνης μετὰ λέκτρα, μετὰ φθιμένην Ἀριάδνην, τὴν μὲν λειπομένην ἐνὶ πατρίδι, τὴν δʼ ἐνὶ γαίῃ ἀλλοτρίῃ πετραῖον, Ἀχαιίδος ὡς βρέτας Ἥρης, καὶ Βερόης πολὺ μᾶλλον ἀνηνύστων περὶ λέκτρων.

So she consoled her ; and Artemis the maiden entered her car with its team of four prickets, left the mountain and drove back to Phrygia. With equal speed the maiden Adrasteia pursued her obstinate enemy Aura. She had harnessed racing griffins under her bridle ; quick through the air she coursed in the swift car, until she tightened the curving bits of her fourfooted birds, and drew up on the peak of Sipylos in front of the face of Tantalos’s daughter with eyeballs of stone. Then she approached the haughty Aura. She flicked the proud neck of the hapless girl with her snaky whip, and struck her with the round wheel of justice, and bent the foolish unbending will. Argive Adrasteia let the whip with its vipers curl round the maiden’s girdle, doing pleasure to Artemis and to Dionysos while he was still indignant ; and although she was herself unacquainted with love, she prepared another love, after the bed of Pallene, after the loss of Ariadne — one was left in her own country, one was a stone in a foreign land like the statue of Achaian Hera — and more than all for the ill success with Beroe’s bed.

470καὶ Νέμεσις πεπότητο νιφοβλήτῳ παρὰ Ταύρῳ, εἰσόκε Κύδνον ἵκανε τὸ δεύτερον ἀμφὶ δὲ κούρῃ ἡδυβόλῳ Διόνυσον Ἔρως οἴστρησεν ὀιστῷ, καὶ πτερὰ κυκλώσας ἐπεβήσατο κοῦφος Ὀλύμπου.

“Nemesis now flew back to snowbeaten Tauros until she reached Cydnos again. And Eros drove Dionysos mad for the girl with the delicious wound of his arrow, then curving his wings flew lightly to Olympos.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.