Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 41.338–427: Book 41: The tablets of Ophion; Aphrodite urges Eros to strike the gods

Harmonia shows Aphrodite seven planetary tablets of fate, and that of Cronos declares Beroe the first city, later to be called Berytos by the Romans. Another tablet foretells the inventions of music, calendars, letters and law, and a third says that under Augustus Berytos will give the world its law. Aphrodite then coaxes Eros to shoot Poseidon and Dionysos for his sister's sake, promising him Harmonia's golden harp.

Lines 41.338–427 · 874 words · click a number to copy its link
338ὣς φαμένην θάρσυνε θεὰ καὶ ἀμείβετο μύθῳ·

To these words of hers the goddess replied with an encouraging speech :

339Γίνεο θαρσαλέη, μὴ δείδιθι, μῆτερ Ἐρώτων· 340ἑπτὰ γὰρ ἐν πινάκεσσιν ἔχω μαντήια κόσμου, καὶ πίνακες γεγάασιν ἐπώνυμοι ἑπτὰ πλανήτων. πρῶτος ἐυτροχάλοιο φερώνυμός ἐστι Σελήνης· δεύτερος Ἑρμείαο πίναξ χρύσειος ἀκούει στίλβων, ᾧ ἔνι πάντα τετεύχαται ὄργια θεσμῶν· 345οὔνομα σὸν μεθέπει ῥοδόεις τρίτος· ὑμετέρου γὰρ ἀστέρος Ἠῴοιο φέρει τύπον· ἑπταπόρων δὲ τέτρατος Ἠελίοιο μεσόμφαλός ἐστι πλανήτων· πέμπτος ἐρευθιόων πυρόεις κικλήσκεται Ἄρης· καὶ Φαέθων Κρονίδαο φατίζεται ἕκτος ἀλήτης· 350ἕβδομος ὑψιπόροιο Κρόνου πέλεν οὔνομα φαίνων. τοῖς ἔνι ποικίλα πάντα μεμορμένα θέσφατα κόσμου γράμματι φοινικόεντι γέρων ἐχάραξεν Ὀφίων. ἀλλʼ, ἐπεὶ ἰθυνόων με διείρεαι εἵνεκα θεσμῶν, πρεσβυτέρῃ πολίων πρεσβήια ταῦτα φυλάσσω· 355εἴτʼ οὖν Ἀρκαδίη προτέρη πέλεν ἢ πόλις Ἥρης, Σάρδιες εἰ γεγάασι παλαίτεραι, εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτὴ Ταρσὸς ἀειδομένη πρωτόπτολις, εἰ δέ τις ἄλλη. οὐκ ἐδάην· Κρόνιος δὲ πίναξ τάδε πάντα διδάσκει, τίς προτέρη βλάστησε, τίς ἔπλετο σύγχρονος Ἠοῦς.

“Be of good cheer, fear not, mother of the Loves! For I have oracles of history on seven tablets, and the tablets bear the names of the seven planets. The first has the name of revolving Selene ; the second is called of Hermes, a shining tablet of gold, upon which are wrought all the secrets of law ; the third has your name, a rosy tablet, for it has the shape of your star in the East ; the fourth is of Helios, central navel of the seven travelling planets ; the fifth is called Ares, red and fiery ; the sixth is called Phaethon, the planet of Cronides ; the seventh shows the name of highmoving Cronos. Upon these, ancient Ophion has engraved in red letters all the divers oracles of fate for the universe. But since you ask me about the directing laws, this prerogative I keep for the eldest of cities. Whether then Arcadia is first or Hera’s city, whether Sardis be the oldest, or even Tarsos celebrated in song be the first city, or some other, I have not been told. The tablet of Cronos will teach you all this, which first arose, which was coeval with Dawn.”

360εἶπε· καὶ ἡγεμόνευεν ἐς ἀγλαὰ θέσφατα τοίχου, εἰσόκεν ἔδρακε χῶρον, ὅπῃ Βερόης περὶ πάτρης θέσφατον ὀψιτέλεστον Ὀφιονίη γράφε τέχνη ἐν πίνακι Κρονίῳ κεχαραγμένον οἴνοπι μίλτῳ· πρωτοφανὴς Βερόη πέλε σύγχρονος ἥλικι κόσμῳ, 365νύμφης ὀψιγόνοιο φερώνυμος, ἣν μετανάσται υἱέες Αὐσονίων, ὑπατήια φέγγεα Ῥώμης, Βηρυτὸν καλέσουσιν, ἐπεὶ Λιβάνῳ πέσε γείτων . . . τοῖον ἔπος δεδάηκε θεοπρόπον. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δαίμων

She spoke ; and led the way to the glorious oracles of the wall, until she saw the place where Ophion’s art had engraved in ruddy vermilion on the tablet of Cronos the oracle to be fulfilled in time about Beroe’s country. Beroe came the first, coeval with the universe her agemate, bearing the name of the nymph later born, which the colonizing sons of the Ausonians, the consular Lights of Rome, shall call Berytos, since here fell a neighbour to Lebanon.

369θέσκελον ἑβδομάτου πίνακος παρεμέτρεεν ἀρχήν, 370δεύτερον ἐσκοπίαζεν, ὅπῃ παρὰ γείτονι τοίχῳ ποικίλα παντοίης ἐχαράσσετο δαίδαλα τέχνης μαντιπόλοις ἐπέεσσιν, ὅτι πρώτιστα νοήσει Πὰν νόμιος σύριγγα, λύρην Ἑλικώνιος Ἑρμῆς, δίθροον ἁβρὸς Ὕαγνις ἐυτρήτου μέλος αὐλοῦ, 375Ὀρφεὺς μυστιπόλοιο θεηγόρα χεύματα μολπῆς, καὶ Λίνος εὐεπίην Φοιβήιος, Ἀρκὰς ἀλήτης μέτρα δυωδεκάμηνα καὶ Ἠελίοιο πορείην, μητέρα τικτομένων ἐτέων τετράζυγι δίφρῳ, καὶ σοφὸς Ἐνδυμίων ἑτερότροπα δάκτυλα κάμψας 380γνώσεται ἄστατα κύκλα παλιννόστοιο Σελήνης τριπλόα καὶ στοιχεῖον ὁμόζυγον ἄζυγι μίξας Κάδμος ἐυγλώσσοιο διδάξεται ὄργια φωνῆς, θεσμὰ Σόλων ἄχραντα, καὶ ἔννομον Ἀτθίδι πεύκῃ συζυγίης ἀλύτοιο συνωρίδα δίζυγα Κέκροψ. 385καὶ Παφίη μετὰ πάντα πολύτροπα δαίδαλα Μούσης

Such was the word of prophecy that she learnt. But when the deity had scanned the prophetic beginning of the seventh tablet, she looked at the second, where on the neighbouring wall many strange signs were engraved with varied art in oracular speech : how first shepherd Pan will invent the syrinx, Heliconian Hermes the harp, tender Hyagnis the music of the double pipes with their clever holes, Orpheus the streams of mystic song with divine voice, Apollo’s Linos eloquent speech ; how Areas the traveller will find out the measures of the twelve months, and the sun’s circuit which is the mother of the years brought forth by his fourhorse team ; how wise Endymion with changing bends of his fingers will calculate the three varying phases of Selene ; how Cadmos will combine consonant with vowel and teach the secrets of correct speech ; how Solon will invent inviolable laws, and Cecrops the union of two yoked together under the sacred yoke of marriage made lawful with the Attic torch.

386πυκνὰ πολυσπερέων παρεμέτρεεν ἔργα πολήων· καὶ πίνακος γραπτοῖο μέσην ὑπὲρ ἄντυγα κόσμου τοῖον ἔπος σοφὸν εὗρε πολύστιχον Ἑλλάδι Μούσῃ· Σκῆπτρον ὅλης Αὔγουστος ὅτε χθονὸς ἡνιοχεύσει, 390Ῥώμῃ μὲν ζαθέῃ δωρήσεται Αὐσόνιος Ζεὺς

Now the Paphian, after all these manifold wonders of the Muse, scanned the various deeds of the scattered cities ; and on the written tablet which lay in the midst on the circuit of the universe, she found these words of wisdom inscribed in many lines of Grecian verse :

391κοιρανίην, Βερόῃ δὲ χαρίζεται ἡνία θεσμῶν, ὁππότε θωρηχθεῖσα φερεσσακέων ἐπὶ νηῶν φύλοπιν ὑγρομόθοιο κατευνήσει Κλεοπάτρης· πρὶν γὰρ ἀτασθαλίη πολιπόρθιος οὔ ποτε λήξει 395εἰρήνην κλονέουσα σαόπτολιν, ἄχρι δικάζει Βηρυτὸς βιότοιο γαληναίοιο τιθήνη γαῖαν ὁμοῦ καὶ πόντον, ἀκαμπέι τείχεϊ θεσμῶν ἄστεα πυργώσασα, μία πτόλις ἄστεα κόσμου. καὶ θεός, ὁππότε πᾶσαν Ὀφιονίην μάθεν ὀμφήν,

When Augustus shall hold the sceptre of the world, Ausonian Zeus will give to divine Rome the lordship, and to Beroe he will grant the reins of law, when armed in her fleet of shielded ships she shall pacify the strife of battlestirring Cleopatra. For before that, citysacking violence will never cease to shake citysaving peace, until Berytos the nurse of quiet life does justice on land and sea, fortifying the cities with the unshakable wall of law, one city for all cities of the world.”

400εἰς ἑὸν οἶκον ἔβαινε παλίνδρομος· ἑζομένου δὲ υἱέος ἐγγὺς ἔθηκεν ἑὴν χρυσήλατον ἕδρην, καὶ μέσον ἀγκὰς ἑλοῦσα γαληνιόωντι προσώπῳ πεπταμένῳ πήχυνε γεγηθότι κοῦρον ἀγοστῷ, γούνασι κουφίζουσα φίλον βάρος· ἀμφότερον δὲ 405καὶ στόμα παιδὸς ἔκυσσε καὶ ὄμματα· θελξινόου δὲ ἁπτομένη τόξοιο καὶ ἀμφαφόωσα φαρέτρην, οἷά περ ἀσχαλόωσα, δολόφρονα ῥήξατο φωνήν·

Then the goddess, having learnt all the oracles of Ophion, returned to her own house. She placed her own goldwrought throne beside the place where her son sat, and throwing an arm round his waist, with quiet countenance opened her glad arms to receive the boy and held the dear burden on her knees ; she kissed both his lips and eyes, touched his mindbewitching bow and fingered the quiver, and spoke in feigned anger these cunning words :

408Ἐλπὶς ὅλου βιότοιο, παραίφασις ἀφρογενείης, νηλειὴς ἐμὰ τέκνα βιήσατο μοῦνα Κρονίων· 410ἐννέα γὰρ πλήσασα μογοστόκα κύκλα Σελήνης δριμὺ βέλος μεθέπουσα δυηπαθέος τοκετοῖο Ἁρμονίην ἐλόχευσα, καὶ ἄλγεα ποικίλα πάσχει ἀχνυμένη· κούρην δὲ μογοστόκον ἔλλαχε Λητώ, Ἄρτεμιν Εἰλείθυιαν, ἀρηγόνα θηλυτεράων. 415τέκνον Ἀμυμώνης ὁμογάστριον, οὔ σε διδάξω, ὡς λάχον ἐξ ἁλὸς αἷμα καὶ αἰθέρος· ἀλλὰ τελέσσαι ἤθελον ἄξιον ἔργον, ὅπως παρὰ μητρὶ θαλάσσῃ οὐρανόθεν γεγαυῖα καὶ οὐρανὸν ἐν χθονὶ πήξω· ἀλλὰ κασιγνήτης ἐπὶ κάλλεϊ σεῖο . . . τιταίνων 420θέλγε θεούς, καὶ μᾶλλον ἴσον βέλος εἰν ἑνὶ θεσμῷ πέμπε Ποσειδάωνι καὶ ἀμπελόεντι Λυαίῳ, ἀμφοτέροις μακάρεσσιν· ἐγὼ δέ σοι ἄξια μόχθων δῶρον ἑκηβολίης ἐπεοικότα μισθὸν ὀπάσσω· δώσω σοι χρυσέην γαμίην χέλυν, ἣν παρὰ παστῷ 425Ἁρμονίῃ πόρε Φοῖβος, ἐγὼ δέ σοι ἐγγυαλίξω ἄστεος ἐσσομένου μνημήιον, ὄφρά κεν εἴης καὶ μετὰ τοξευτῆρα λυροκτύπος, ὥς περ Ἀπόλλων.

“You hope of all life ! You cajoler of the Foamborn ! Cronion is a cruel tyrant to my children alone ! After nine full months of hard travail I brought forth Harmonia, suffering the bitter pangs of painful childbirth ; and now she suffers all sorts of grief and tribulation. But Leto has borne Artemis Eileithyia, the Lady of Travail, the ally of womankind. You Amymone’s brother, son of the same mother, need not to be told how I got my blood from brine and ether ; but I would perform a worthy deed, and being born of heaven, I will plant heaven on earth beside the sea my mother. Come then — for your sister’s beauty draw your bow and bewitch the gods, or say, shoot one shaft and hit with the same shot Poseidon and vinegod Lyaios, Blessed Ones both. I will give you a gift for your long shot which will be a proper wage worthy of your feat — I will give you the marriage harp of gold, which Phoibos gave to Harmonia at the door of the bridal chamber ; I will place it in your hands in memory of a city to be, that you may be not only an archer, but a harpist, just like Apollo.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.