Homer · The Homeric Hymns Ὁμηρικοὶ ὕμνοι

Homer, The Homeric Hymns 4.210–339: Hymn 4 to Hermes (3): Apollo finds the thief

Apollo reads a bird omen and follows the trail to the cave at Cyllene. He threatens the infant, who denies everything and answers with an omen of his own, and Apollo carries him up to Olympus to stand before Zeus.

Lines 4.210–339 · 1336 words · click a number to copy its link
210νήπιος, εἶχε δὲ ῥάβδον· ἐπιστροφάδην δʼ ἐβάδιζεν. ἐξοπίσω δʼ ἀνέεργε, κάρη δʼ ἔχεν ἀντίον αὐτῷ. φῆ ῥʼ ὁ γέρων· ὃ δὲ θᾶσσον ὁδὸν κίε μῦθον ἀκούσας· οἰωνὸν δʼ ἐνόει τανυσίπτερον, αὐτίκα δʼ ἔγνω φηλητὴν γεγαῶτα Διὸς παῖδα Κρονίωνος. 215ἐσσυμένως δʼ ἤιξεν ἄναξ Διὸς υἱὸς Ἀπόλλων ἐς Πύλον ἠγαθέην διζήμενος εἰλίποδας βοῦς, πορφυρέῃ νεφέλῃ κεκαλυμμένος εὐρέας ὤμους· ἴχνιά τʼ εἰσενόησεν Ἑκηβόλος εἶπέ τε μῦθον· ὦ πόποι, ἦ μέγα θαῦμα τόδʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρῶμαι· 220ἴχνια μὲν τάδε γʼ ἐστὶ βοῶν ὀρθοκραιράων, ἀλλὰ πάλιν τέτραπται ἐς ἀσφοδελὸν λειμῶνα· βήματα δʼ οὔτʼ ἀνδρὸς τάδε γίγνεται οὔτε γυναικὸς οὔτε λύκων πολιῶν οὔτʼ ἄρκτων οὔτε λεόντων· οὔτε τι Κενταύρου λασιαύχενος ἔλπομαι εἶναι, 225ὅς τις τοῖα πέλωρα βιβᾷ ποσὶ καρπαλίμοισιν· αἰνὰ μὲν ἔνθεν ὁδοῖο, τὰ δʼ αἰνότερʼ ἔνθεν ὁδοῖο. ὣς εἰπὼν ἤιξεν ἄναξ Διὸς υἱὸς Ἀπόλλων· Κυλλήνης δʼ ἀφίκανεν ὄρος καταείμενον ὕλῃ, πέτρης ἐς κευθμῶνα βαθύσκιον, ἔνθα τε νύμφη 230ἀμβροσίη ἐλόχευσε Διὸς παῖδα Κρονίωνος. ὀδμὴ δʼ ἱμερόεσσα διʼ οὔρεος ἠγαθέοιο κίδνατο, πολλὰ δὲ μῆλα ταναύποδα βόσκετο ποίην. ἔνθα τότε σπεύδων κατεβήσατο λάινον οὐδὸν ἄντρον ἐς ἠερόεν ἑκατηβόλος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων. 235Τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε Διὸς καὶ Μαιάδος υἱὸς χωόμενον περὶ βουσὶν ἑκηβόλον Ἀπόλλωνα, σπάργανʼ ἔσω κατέδυνε θυήεντʼ· ἠύτε πολλὴν πρέμνων ἀνθρακιὴν ὕλης σποδὸς ἀμφικαλύπτει, ὣς Ἑρμῆς Ἑκάεργον ἰδὼν ἀνέειλεν ἑαυτόν. 240ἐν δʼ ὀλίγῳ συνέλασσε κάρη χεῖράς τε πόδας τε, φή ῥα νεόλλουτος, προκαλεύμενος ἥδυμον ὕπνον, ἐγρήσσων ἐτεόν γε· χέλυν δʼ ὑπὸ μασχάλῃ εἶχε. γνῶ δʼ οὐδʼ ἠγνοίησε Διὸς καὶ Λητοῦς υἱὸς νύμφην τʼ οὐρείην περικαλλέα καὶ φίλον υἱόν, 245παῖδʼ ὀλίγον, δολίῃς εἰλυμένον ἐντροπίῃσι. παπτήνας δʼ ἀνὰ πάντα μυχὸν μεγάλοιο δόμοιο τρεῖς ἀδύτους ἀνέῳγε λαβὼν κληῖδα φαεινὴν νέκταρος ἐμπλείους ἠδʼ ἀμβροσίης ἐρατεινῆς· πολλὸς δὲ χρυσός τε καὶ ἄργυρος ἔνδον ἔκειτο, 250πολλὰ δὲ φοινικόεντα καὶ ἄργυφα εἵματα νύμφης, οἷα θεῶν μακάρων ἱεροὶ δόμοι ἐντὸς ἔχουσιν· ἔνθʼ ἐπεὶ ἐξερέεινε μυχοὺς μεγάλοιο δόμοιο Λητοΐδης, μύθοισι προσηύδα κύδιμον Ἑρμῆν· ὦ παῖ, ὃς ἐν λίκνῳ κατάκειαι, μήνυέ μοι βοῦς

So said the old man. And when Apollo heard this report, he went yet more quickly on his way, and presently, seeing a long-winged bird, he knew at once by that omen that the thief was the child of Zeus the son of Cronos. So the lord Apollo, son of Zeus, hurried on to goodly Pylos seeking his shambling oxen, and he had his broad shoulders covered with a dark cloud. But when the Far-Shooter perceived the tracks, he cried: “Oh, oh! Truly this is a great marvel that my eyes behold! These are indeed the tracks of straight-horned oxen, but they are turned backwards towards the flowery meadow. But these others are not the footprints of man or woman or grey wolves or bears or lions, nor do I think they are the tracks of a rough-maned Centaur — whoever it be that with swift feet makes such monstrous footprints; wonderful are the tracks on this side of the way, but yet more wonderful are those on that.” When he had so said, the lord Apollo, the Son of Zeus hastened on and came to the forest-clad mountain of Cyllene and the deep-shadowed cave in the rock where the divine nymph brought forth the child of Zeus who is the son of Cronos. A sweet odor spread over the lovely hill, and many thin-shanked sheep were grazing on the grass. Then far-shooting Apollo himself stepped down in haste over the stone threshold into the dusky cave. Now when the Son of Zeus and Maia saw Apollo in a rage about his cattle, he snuggled down in his fragrant swaddling-clothes; and as wood-ash covers over the deep embers of tree-stumps, so Hermes cuddled himself up when he saw the Far-Shooter. He squeezed head and hands and feet together in a small space, like a new born child seeking sweet sleep, though in truth he was wide awake, and he kept his lyre under his armpit. But the Son of Leto was aware and failed not to perceive the beautiful mountain-nymph and her dear son, albeit a little child and swathed so craftily. He peered in every corner of the great dwelling and, taking a bright key, he opened three closets full of nectar and lovely ambrosia. And much gold and silver was stored in them, and many garments of the nymph, some purple and some silvery white, such as are kept in the sacred houses of the blessed gods. Then, after the Son of Leto had searched out the recesses of the great house, he spake to glorious Hermes: “Child, lying in the cradle, make haste and tell me of my cattle, or we two will soon fall out angrily.

255θᾶσσον· ἐπεὶ τάχα νῶι διοισόμεθʼ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον. ῥίψω γάρ σε λαβὼν ἐς Τάρταρον ἠερόεντα, ἐς ζόφον αἰνόμορον καὶ ἀμήχανον· οὐδέ σε μήτηρ ἐς φάος οὐδὲ πατὴρ ἀναλύσεται, ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ γαίῃ ἐρρήσεις ὀλίγοισι μετʼ ἀνδράσιν ἡγεμονεύων. 260Τὸν δʼ Ἑρμῆς μύθοισιν ἀμείβετο κερδαλέοισι· Λητοΐδη, τίνα τοῦτον ἀπηνέα μῦθον ἔειπας; καὶ βοῦς ἀγραύλους διζήμενος ἐνθάδʼ ἱκάνεις; οὐκ ἴδον, οὐ πυθόμην, οὐκ ἄλλου μῦθον ἄκουσα· οὐκ ἂν μηνύσαιμʼ, οὐκ ἂν μήνυτρον ἀροίμην· 265οὐδὲ βοῶν ἐλατῆρι, κραταιῷ φωτί, ἔοικα. οὐκ ἐμὸν ἔργον τοῦτο, πάρος δέ μοι ἄλλα μέμηλεν· ὕπνος ἐμοί γε μέμηλε καὶ ἡμετέρης γάλα μητρὸς σπάργανά τʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἔχειν καὶ θερμὰ λοετρά. μή τις τοῦτο πύθοιτο, πόθεν τόδε νεῖκος ἐτύχθη· 270καί κεν δὴ μέγα θαῦμα μετʼ ἀθανάτοισι γένοιτο, παῖδα νέον γεγαῶτα διὲκ προθύροιο περῆσαι βουσὶν ἐπʼ ἀγραύλοισι· τὸ δʼ ἀπρεπέως ἀγορεύεις. χθὲς γενόμην, ἁπαλοὶ δὲ πόδες, τρηχεῖα δʼ ὕπο χθών. εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις, πατρὸς κεφαλὴν μέγαν ὅρκον ὀμοῦμαι· 275μὴ μὲν ἐγὼ μήτʼ αὐτὸς ὑπίσχομαι αἴτιος εἶναι, μήτε τινʼ ἄλλον ὄπωπα βοῶν κλοπὸν ὑμετεράων, αἵ τινες αἱ βόες εἰσί· τὸ δὲ κλέος οἶον ἀκούω. ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη καὶ πυκνὸν ἀπὸ βλεφάρων ἀμαρύσσων ὀφρῦς ῥιπτάζεσκεν ὁρώμενος ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα, 280μάκρʼ ἀποσυρίζων, ἅλιον τὸν μῦθον ἀκούων. τὸν δʼ ἁπαλὸν γελάσας προσέφη ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων· ὦ πέπον, ἠπεροπευτά, δολοφραδές, ἦ σε μάλʼ οἴω πολλάκις ἀντιτοροῦντα δόμους εὖ ναιετάοντας ἔννυχον οὐχ ἕνα μοῦνον ἐπʼ οὔδεϊ φῶτα καθίσσαι, 285σκευάζοντα κατʼ οἶκον ἄτερ ψόφου, οἷʼ ἀγορεύεις· πολλοὺς δʼ ἀγραύλους ἀκαχήσεις μηλοβοτῆρας οὔρεος ἐν βήσσῃς, ὁπότʼ ἂν κρειῶν ἐρατίζων ἀντᾷς βουκολίοισι καὶ εἰροπόκοις ὀίεσσιν. ἀλλʼ ἄγε, μὴ πύματόν τε καὶ ὕστατον ὕπνον ἰαύσῃς, 290ἐκ λίκνου κατάβαινε, μελαίνης νυκτὸς ἑταῖρε. τοῦτο γὰρ οὖν καὶ ἔπειτα μετʼ ἀθανάτοις γέρας ἕξεις. ἀρχὸς φηλητέων κεκλήσεαι ἤματα πάντα. ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη καὶ παῖδα λαβὼν φέρε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων. σὺν δʼ ἄρα φρασσάμενος τότε δὴ κρατὺς Ἀργειφόντης

For I will take and cast you into dusky Tartarus and awful hopeless darkness, and neither your mother nor your father shall free you or bring you up again to the light, but you will wander under the earth and be the leader amongst little folk.” Then Hermes answered him with crafty words: “Son of Leto, what harsh words are these you have spoken? And is it cattle of the field you are come here to seek? I have not seen them: I have not heard of them: no one has told me of them. I cannot give news of them, nor win the reward for news. Am I like a cattle-lifter, a stalwart person? This is no task for me: rather I care for other things: I care for sleep, and milk of my mother's breast, and wrappings round my shoulders, and warm baths. Let no one hear the cause of this dispute; for this would be a great marvel indeed among the deathless gods, that a child newly born should pass in through the forepart of the house with cattle of the field: herein you speak extravagantly. I was born yesterday, and my feet are soft and the ground beneath is rough; nevertheless, if you will have it so, I will swear a great oath by my father's head and vow that neither am I guilty myself, neither have I seen any other who stole your cows —whatever cows may be; for I know them only by hearsay.” So, then, said Hermes, shooting quick glances from his eyes: and he kept raising his brows and looking this way and that, whistling long and listening to Apollo's story as to an idle tale. But far-working Apollo laughed softly and said to him: “O rogue, deceiver, crafty in heart, you talk so innocently that I most surely believe that you have broken into many a well-built house and stripped more than one poor wretch bare this night, gathering his goods together all over the house without noise. You will plague many a lonely herdsman in mountain glades, when you come on herds and thick-fleeced sheep, and have a hankering after flesh. But come now, if you would not sleep your last and latest sleep, get out of your cradle, you comrade of dark night. Surely hereafter this shall be your title amongst the deathless gods, to be called the prince of robbers continually.” So said Phoebus Apollo, and took the child and began to carry him. But at that moment the strong Slayer of Argus had his plan, and, while Apollo held him in his hands, sent forth an omen, a hard-worked belly-serf, a rude messenger, and sneezed directly after.

295οἰωνὸν προέηκεν ἀειρόμενος μετὰ χερσί, τλήμονα γαστρὸς ἔριθον, ἀτάσθαλον ἀγγελιώτην. ἐσσυμένως δὲ μετʼ αὐτὸν ἐπέπταρε· τοῖο δʼ Ἀπόλλων ἔκλυεν, ἐκ χειρῶν δὲ χαμαὶ βάλε κύδιμον Ἑρμῆν. ἕζετο δὲ προπάροιθε καὶ ἐσσύμενός περ ὁδοῖο 300Ἑρμῆν κερτομέων καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε· θάρσει, σπαργανιῶτα, Διὸς καὶ Μαιάδος υἱέ· εὑρήσω καὶ ἔπειτα βοῶν ἴφθιμα κάρηνα τούτοις οἰωνοῖσι· σὺ δʼ αὖθʼ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσεις. ὣς φάθʼ· ὃ δʼ αὖτʼ ἀνόρουσε θοῶς Κυλλήνιος Ἑρμῆς, 305σπουδῇ ἰών· ἄμφω δὲ παρʼ οὔατα χερσὶν ἐώθει σπάργανον ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἐελμένος, εἶπε δὲ μῦθον· πῆ με φέρεις, Ἑκάεργε, θεῶν ζαμενέστατε πάντων; ἦ με βοῶν ἕνεχʼ ὧδε χολούμενος ὀρσολοπεύεις; ὦ πόποι, εἴθʼ ἀπόλοιτο βοῶν γένος· οὐ γὰρ ἐγώ γε 310ὑμετέρας ἔκλεψα βόας οὐδʼ ἄλλον ὄπωπα, αἵτινες αἱ βόες εἰσί· τὸ δὲ κλέος οἶον ἀκούω. δὸς δὲ δίκην καὶ δέξο παρὰ Ζηνὶ Κρονίωνι. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τὰ ἕκαστα διαρρήδην ἐρίδαινον Ἑρμῆς τʼ οἰοπόλος καὶ Λητοῦς ἀγλαὸς υἱός, 315ἀμφὶς θυμὸν ἔχοντες. ὃ μὲν νημερτέα φωνὴν […] οὐκ ἀδίκως ἐπὶ βουσὶν ἐλάζυτο κύδιμον Ἑρμῆν, αὐτὰρ ὃ τέχνῃσίν τε καὶ αἱμυλίοισι λόγοισιν ἤθελεν ἐξαπατᾶν Κυλλήνιος Ἀργυρότοξον. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πολύμητις ἐὼν πολυμήχανον εὗρεν, 320ἐσσυμένως δὴ ἔπειτα διὰ ψαμάθοιο βάδιζε πρόσθεν, ἀτὰρ κατόπισθε Διὸς καὶ Λητοῦς υἱός. αἶψα δὲ τέρθρον ἵκοντο θυώδεος Οὐλύμποιο ἐς πατέρα Κρονίωνα Διὸς περικαλλέα τέκνα· κεῖθι γὰρ ἀμφοτέροισι δίκης κατέκειτο τάλαντα. 325οὐμιλίη δʼ ἔχʼ Ὄλυμπον ἀγάννιφον, ἀθάνατοι δὲ ἄφθιτοι ἠγερέθοντο μετὰ χρυσόθρονον Ἠῶ. ἔστησαν δʼ Ἑρμῆς τε καὶ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων πρόσθε Διὸς γούνων· ὃ δʼ ἀνείρετο φαίδιμον υἱὸν Ζεὺς ὑψιβρεμέτης καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε· 330φοῖβε, πόθεν ταύτην μενοεικέα ληίδʼ ἐλαύνεις, παῖδα νέον γεγαῶτα, φυὴν κήρυκος ἔχοντα; σπουδαῖον τόδε χρῆμα θεῶν μεθʼ ὁμήγυριν ἦλθε. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἄναξ ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων· ὦ πάτερ, ἦ τάχα μῦθον ἀκούσεαι οὐκ ἀλαπαδνόν, 335κερτομέων ὡς οἶος ἐγὼ φιλολήιός εἰμι. παῖδά τινʼ εὗρον τόνδε διαπρύσιον κεραϊστὴν Κυλλήνης ἐν ὄρεσσι, πολὺν διὰ χῶρον ἀνύσσας, κέρτομον, οἷον ἐγώ γε θεῶν οὐκ ἄλλον ὄπωπα οὐδʼ ἀνδρῶν, ὁπόσοι λησίμβροτοί εἰσʼ ἐπὶ γαίῃ.

And when Apollo heard it, he dropped glorious Hermes out of his hands on the ground: then sitting down before him, though he was eager to go on his way, he spoke mockingly to Hermes: “Fear not, little swaddling baby, son of Zeus and Maia. I shall find the strong cattle presently by these omens, and you shall lead the way.” When Apollo had so said, Cyllenian Hermes sprang up quickly, starting in haste. With both hands he pushed up to his ears the covering that he had wrapped about his shoulders, and said: “Where are you carrying me, Far-Worker, hastiest of all the gods? Is it because of your cattle that you are so angry and harass me? O dear, would that all the sort of oxen might perish; for it is not I who stole your cows, nor did I see another steal them —whatever cows may be, and of that I have only heard report. Nay, give right and take it before Zeus, the Son of Cronos.” So Hermes the shepherd and Leto's glorious son kept stubbornly disputing each article of their quarrel: Apollo, speaking truly […] not unfairly sought to seize glorious Hermes because of the cows; but he, the Cyllenian, tried to deceive the God of the Silver Bow with tricks and cunning words. But when, though he had many wiles, he found the other had as many shifts, he began to walk across the sand, himself in front, while the Son of Zeus and Leto came behind. Soon they came, these lovely children of Zeus, to the top of fragrant Olympus, to their father, the Son of Cronos; for there were the scales of judgement set for them both. There was an assembly on snowy Olympus, and the immortals who perish not were gathering after the hour of gold-throned Dawn. Then Hermes and Apollo of the Silver Bow stood at the knees of Zeus: and Zeus who thunders on high spoke to his glorious son and asked him: “Phoebus, whence come you driving this great spoil, a child new born that has the look of a herald? This is a weighty matter that is come before the council of the gods.” Then the lord, far-working Apollo, answered him: “O my father, you shall soon hear no trifling tale though you reproach me that I alone am fond of spoil. Here is a child, a burgling robber, whom I found after a long journey in the hills of Cyllene: for my part I have never seen one so pert either among the gods or all men that catch folk unawares throughout the world.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White (1914). Original text: Hugh G. Evelyn-White (ed.), Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns and Homerica, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.