Homer · The Homeric Hymns Ὁμηρικοὶ ὕμνοι

Homer, The Homeric Hymns 3.179–299: Hymn 3 to Apollo (3): the search for an oracle site

The poet turns from Delos to the search for Apollo's oracle, passing through Pieria, Iolcus, Euboea and Onchestus. At Telphusa Apollo lays out the foundations of a temple, but Telphusa, wishing to keep the renown for herself, persuades him to go further, and he goes on to Crisa, where Trophonius and Agamedes lay the stone foundation of the temple.

Lines 3.179–299 · 1118 words · click a number to copy its link
179ὦ ἄνα, καὶ Λυκίην καὶ Μῃονίην ἐρατεινὴν 180καὶ Μίλητον ἔχεις, ἔναλον πόλιν ἱμερόεσσαν, αὐτὸς δʼ αὖ Δήλοιο περικλύστης περικλύστοιο μέγʼ ἀνάσσεις. εἶσι δὲ φορμίζων Λητοῦς ἐρικυδέος υἱὸς φόρμιγγι γλαφυρῇ πρὸς Πυθὼ πετρήεσσαν, ἄμβροτα εἵματʼ ἔχων τεθυωμένα· τοῖο δὲ φόρμιγξ 185χρυσέου ὑπὸ πλήκτρου καναχὴν ἔχει ἱμερόεσσαν. ἔνθεν δὲ πρὸς Ὄλυμπον ἀπὸ χθονός, ὥστε νόημα, εἶσι Διὸς πρὸς δῶμα θεῶν μεθʼ ὁμήγυριν ἄλλων. αὐτίκα δʼ ἀθανάτοισι μέλει κίθαρις καὶ ἀοιδή· Μοῦσαι μέν θʼ ἅμα πᾶσαι ἀμειβόμεναι ὀπὶ καλῇ 190ὑμνεῦσίν ῥα θεῶν δῶρʼ ἄμβροτα ἠδʼ ἀνθρώπων τλημοσύνας, ὅσʼ ἔχοντες ὑπʼ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι ζώουσʼ ἀφραδέες καὶ ἀμήχανοι, οὐδὲ δύνανται εὑρέμεναι θανάτοιό τʼ ἄκος καὶ γήραος ἄλκαρ· αὐτὰρ ἐυπλόκαμοι Χάριτες καὶ ἐύφρονες Ὧραι 195Ἁρμονίη θʼ Ἥβη τε Διὸς θυγάτηρ τʼ Ἀφροδίτη ὀρχεῦντʼ ἀλλήλων ἐπὶ καρπῷ χεῖρας ἔχουσαι· τῇσι μὲν οὔτʼ αἰσχρὴ μεταμέλπεται οὔτʼ ἐλάχεια, ἀλλὰ μάλα μεγάλη τε ἰδεῖν καὶ εἶδος ἀγητή, Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα ὁμότροφος Ἀπόλλωνι. 200ἐν δʼ αὖ τῇσιν Ἄρης καὶ ἐύσκοπος Ἀργειφόντης παίζουσʼ· αὐτὰρ ὁ Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων ἐγκιθαρίζει καλὰ καὶ ὕψι βιβάς· αἴγλη δέ μιν ἀμφιφαείνει μαρμαρυγαί τε ποδῶν καὶ ἐυκλώστοιο χιτῶνος. οἳ δʼ ἐπιτέρπονται θυμὸν μέγαν εἰσορόωντες 205Λητώ τε χρυσοπλόκαμος καὶ μητίετα Ζεὺς υἷα φίλον παίζοντα μετʼ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι. πῶς τʼ ἄρ σʼ ὑμνήσω πάντως εὔυμνον ἐόντα; ἠέ σʼ ἐνὶ μνηστῆρσιν ἀείδω καὶ φιλότητι, ὅππως μνωόμενος ἔκιες Ἀζαντίδα κούρην 210Ἴσχυʼ ἅμʼ ἀντιθέῳ Ἐλατιονίδῃ εὐίππῳ; ἢ ἅμα Φόρβαντι Τριοπέῳ γένος, ἢ ἅμʼ Ἐρευθεῖ; ἢ ἅμα Λευκίππῳ καὶ Λευκίπποιο δάμαρτι […] πεζός, ὃ δʼ ἵπποισιν· οὐ μὴν Τρίοπός γʼ ἐνέλειπεν. ἢ ὡς τὸ πρῶτον χρηστήριον ἀνθρώποισι 215ζητεύων κατὰ γαῖαν ἔβης, ἑκατηβόλʼ Ἄπολλον; Πιερίην μὲν πρῶτον ἀπʼ Οὐλύμποιο κατῆλθες· Λέκτον τʼ ἠμαθοέντα παρέστιχες ἠδʼ Ἐνιῆνας καὶ διὰ Περραιβούς· τάχα δʼ εἰς Ἰαωλκὸν ἵκανες, Κηναίου τʼ ἐπέβης ναυσικλειτῆς Εὐβοίης.

O Lord, Lycia is yours and lovely Maeonia and Miletus, charming city by the sea, but over wave-girt Delos you greatly reign your own self. Leto's all-glorious son goes to rocky Pytho, playing upon his hollow lyre, clad in divine, perfumed garments; and his lyre, at the touch of the golden key, sings sweet. Thence, swift as thought, he speeds from earth to Olympus, to the house of Zeus, to join the gathering of the other gods: then straightway the undying gods think only of the lyre and song, and all the Muses together, voice sweetly answering voice, hymn the unending gifts the gods enjoy and the sufferings of men, all that they endure at the hands of the deathless gods, and how they live witless and helpless and cannot find healing for death or defence against old age. Meanwhile the rich-tressed Graces and cheerful Seasons dance with Harmonia and Hebe and Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, holding each other by the wrist. And among them sings one, not mean nor puny, but tall to look upon and enviable in mien, Artemis who delights in arrows, sister of Apollo. Among them sport Ares and the keen-eyed Slayer of Argus, while Apollo plays his lyre stepping high and featly and a radiance shines around him, the gleaming of his feet and close-woven vest. And they, even gold-tressed Leto and wise Zeus, rejoice in their great hearts as they watch their dear son playing among the undying gods. How then shall I sing of you —though in all ways you are a worthy theme for song? Shall I sing of you as wooer and in the fields of love, how you went wooing the daughter of Azan along with god-like Ischys the son of well-horsed Elatius, or with Phorbas sprung from Triops, or with Ereutheus, or with Leucippus and the wife of Leucippus […] you on foot, he with his chariot, yet he fell not short of Triops. Or shall I sing how at the first you went about the earth seeking a place of oracle for men, O far-shooting Apollo? To Pieria first you went down from Olympus and passed by sandy Lectus and Enienae and through the land of the Perrhaebi. Soon you came to Iolcus and set foot on Cenaeum in Euboea, famed for ships: you stood in the Lelantine plain, but it pleased not your heart to make a temple there and wooded groves.

220στῆς δʼ ἐπὶ Ληλάντῳ πεδίῳ· τό τοι οὐχ ἅδε θυμῷ τεύξασθαι νηόν τε καὶ ἄλσεα δενδρήεντα. ἔνθεν δʼ Εὔριπον διαβάς, ἑκατηβόλʼ Ἄπολλον, βῆς ἄνʼ ὄρος ζάθεον, χλωρόν· τάχα δʼ ἷξες ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ἐς Μυκαλησσὸν ἰὼν καὶ Τευμησσὸν λεχεποίην. 225Θήβης δʼ εἰσαφίκανες ἕδος καταειμένον ὕλῃ· οὐ γάρ πώ τις ἔναιε βροτῶν ἱερῇ ἐνὶ Θήβῃ, οὐδʼ ἄρα πω τότε γʼ ἦσαν ἀταρπιτοὶ οὐδὲ κέλευθοι Θήβης ἂμ πεδίον πυρηφόρον, ἀλλʼ ἔχεν ὕλη. ἔνθεν δὲ προτέρω ἔκιες, ἑκατηβόλʼ Ἄπολλον, 230Ὀγχηστὸν δʼ ἷξες, Ποσιδήιον ἀγλαὸν ἄλσος· ἔνθα νεοδμὴς πῶλος ἀναπνέει ἀχθόμενός περ ἕλκων ἅρματα καλά· χαμαὶ δʼ ἐλατὴρ ἀγαθός περ ἐκ δίφροιο θορὼν ὁδὸν ἔρχεται· οἳ δὲ τέως μὲν κείνʼ ὄχεα κροτέουσι ἀνακτορίην ἀφιέντες. 235εἰ δέ κεν ἅρματʼ ἀγῇσιν ἐν ἄλσεϊ δενδρήεντι, ἵππους μὲν κομέουσι, τὰ δὲ κλίναντες ἐῶσιν· ὣς γὰρ τὰ πρώτισθʼ ὁσίη γένεθʼ· οἳ δὲ ἄνακτι εὔχονται, δίφρον δὲ θεοῦ τότε μοῖρα φυλάσσει. ἔνθεν δὲ προτέρω ἔκιες, ἑκατηβόλʼ Ἄπολλον· 240Κηφισσὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα κιχήσαο καλλιρέεθρον, ὅς τε Λιλαίηθεν προχέει καλλίρροον ὕδωρ. τὸν διαβάς, Ἑκάεργε, καὶ Ὠκαλέην πολύπυργον ἔνθεν ἄρʼ εἰς Ἁλίαρτον ἀφίκεο ποιήεντα. βῆς δʼ ἐπὶ Τελφούσης· τόθι τοι ἅδε χῶρος ἀπήμων 245τεύξασθαι νηόν τε καὶ ἄλσεα δενδρήεντα· στῆς δὲ μάλʼ ἄγχʼ αὐτῆς καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπες· Τελφοῦσʼ, ἐνθάδε δὴ φρονέω περικαλλέα νηὸν ἀνθρώπων τεῦξαι χρηστήριον, οἵτε μοι αἰεὶ ἐνθάδʼ ἀγινήσουσι τεληέσσας ἑκατόμβας, 250ἠμὲν ὅσοι Πελοπόννησον πίειραν ἔχουσιν ἠδʼ ὅσοι Εὐρώπην τε καὶ ἀμφιρύτας κατὰ νήσους, χρησόμενοι· τοῖσιν δέ κʼ ἐγὼ νημερτέα βουλὴν πᾶσι θεμιστεύοιμι χρέων ἐνὶ πίονι νηῷ. ὣς εἰπὼν διέθηκε θεμείλια Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων 255εὐρέα καὶ μάλα μακρὰ διηνεκές· ἣ δὲ ἰδοῦσα Τελφοῦσα κραδίην ἐχολώσατο εἶπέ τε μῦθον· φοῖβε ἄναξ ἑκάεργε, ἔπος τί τοι ἐν φρεσὶ θήσω. ἐνθάδʼ ἐπεὶ φρονέεις τεῦξαι περικαλλέα νηὸν ἔμμεναι ἀνθρώποις χρηστήριον, οἵτε τοι αἰεὶ 260ἐνθάδʼ ἀγινήσουσι τεληέσσας ἑκατόμβας· ἀλλʼ ἔκ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσι, πημανέει σʼ αἰεὶ κτύπος ἵππων ὠκειάων ἀρδόμενοί τʼ οὐρῆες ἐμῶν ἱερῶν ἀπὸ πηγέων· ἔνθα τις ἀνθρώπων βουλήσεται εἰσοράασθαι

From there you crossed the Euripus, far-shooting Apollo, and went up the green, holy hills, going on to Mycalessus and grassy-bedded Teumessus, and so came to the wood-clad abode of Thebe; for as yet no man lived in holy Thebe, nor were there tracks or ways about Thebe's wheat-bearing plain as yet. And further still you went, O far-shooting Apollo, and came to Onchestus, Poseidon's bright grove: there the new-broken colt distressed with drawing the trim chariot gets spirit again, and the skilled driver springs from his car and goes on his way. Then the horses for a while rattle the empty car, being rid of guidance; and if they break the chariot in the woody grove, men look after the horses, but tilt the chariot and leave it there; for this was the rite from the very first. And the drivers pray to the lord of the shrine; but the chariot falls to the lot of the god. Further yet you went, O far-shooting Apollo, and reached next Cephissus' sweet stream which pours forth its sweet-flowing water from Lilaea, and crossing over it, O worker from afar, you passed many-towered Ocalea and reached grassy Haliartus. Then you went towards Telphusa: and there the pleasant place seemed fit for making a temple and wooded grove. You came very near and spoke to her: “Telphusa, here I am minded to make a glorious temple, an oracle for men, and hither they will always bring perfect hecatombs, both those who live in rich Peloponnesus and those of Europe and all the wave-washed isles, coming to seek oracles. And I will deliver to them all counsel that cannot fail, giving answer in my rich temple.” So said Phoebus Apollo, and laid out all the foundations throughout, wide and very long. But when Telphusa saw this, she was angry in heart and spoke, saying: “Lord Phoebus, worker from afar, I will speak a word of counsel to your heart, since you are minded to make here a glorious temple to be an oracle for men who will always bring hither perfect hecatombs for you; yet I will speak out, and do you lay up my words in your heart. The trampling of swift horses and the sound of mules watering at my sacred springs will always irk you, and men will like better to gaze at the well-made chariots and stamping, swift-footed horses than at your great temple and the many treasures that are within.

265ἅρματά τʼ εὐποίητα καὶ ὠκυπόδων κτύπον ἵππων ἢ νηόν τε μέγαν καὶ κτήματα πόλλʼ ἐνεόντα. ἀλλʼ εἰ δή τι πίθοιο, σὺ δὲ κρείσσων καὶ ἀρείων ἐσσί, ἄναξ, ἐμέθεν, σεῦ δὲ σθένος ἐστὶ μέγιστον, ἐν Κρίσῃ ποίησαι ὑπὸ πτυχὶ Παρνησοῖο. 270ἔνθʼ οὔθʼ ἅρματα καλὰ δονήσεται οὔτε τοι ἵππων ὠκυπόδων κτύπος ἔσται ἐύδμητον περὶ βωμόν, ἀλλά τοι ὣς προσάγοιεν Ἰηπαιήονι δῶρα ἀνθρώπων κλυτὰ φῦλα· σὺ δὲ φρένας ἀμφιγεγηθὼς δέξαιʼ ἱερὰ καλὰ περικτιόνων ἀνθρώπων. 275ὣς εἰποῦσʼ Ἑκάτου πέπιθε φρένας, ὄφρα οἱ αὐτῇ Τελφούσῃ κλέος εἴη ἐπὶ χθονί, μηδʼ Ἑκάτοιο. ἔνθεν δὲ προτέρω ἔκιες, ἑκατηβόλʼ Ἄπολλον· ἷξες δʼ ἐς Φλεγύων ἀνδρῶν πόλιν ὑβριστάων, οἳ Διὸς οὐκ ἀλέγοντες ἐπὶ χθονὶ ναιετάασκον 280ἐν καλῇ βήσσῃ Κηφισίδος ἐγγύθι λίμνης. ἔνθεν καρπαλίμως προσέβης πρὸς δειράδα θύων ἵκεο δʼ ἐς Κρίσην ὑπὸ Παρνησὸν νιφόεντα, κνημὸν πρὸς Ζέφυρον τετραμμένον, αὐτὰρ ὕπερθεν πέτρη ἐπικρέμαται, κοίλη δʼ ὑποδέδρομε βῆσσα, 285τρηχεῖʼ· ἔνθα ἄναξ τεκμήρατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων νηὸν ποιήσασθαι ἐπήρατον εἶπέ τε μῦθον· ἐνθάδε δὴ φρονέω τεῦξαι περικαλλέα νηὸν ἔμμεναι ἀνθρώποις χρηστήριον, οἵτε μοι αἰεὶ ἐνθάδʼ ἀγινήσουσι τεληέσσας ἑκατόμβας, 290ἠμὲν ὅσοι Πελοπόννησον πίειραν ἔχουσιν, ἠδʼ ὅσοι Εὐρώπην τε καὶ ἀμφιρύτας κατὰ νήσους, χρησόμενοι· τοῖσιν δʼ ἄρʼ ἐγὼ νημερτέα βουλὴν πᾶσι θεμιστεύοιμι χρέων ἐνὶ πίονι νηῷ. ὣς εἰπὼν διέθηκε θεμείλια Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων 295εὐρέα καὶ μάλα μακρὰ διηνεκές· αὐτὰρ ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς λάινον οὐδὸν ἔθηκε Τροφώνιος ἠδʼ Ἀγαμήδης, υἱέες Ἐργίνου, φίλοι ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν· ἀμφὶ δὲ νηὸν ἔνασσαν ἀθέσφατα φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων ξεστοῖσιν λάεσσιν, ἀοίδιμον ἔμμεναι αἰεί.

But if you will be moved by me —for you, lord, are stronger and mightier than I, and your strength is very great —build at Crisa below the glades of Parnassus: there no bright chariot will clash, and there will be no noise of swift-footed horses near your well-built altar. But so the glorious tribes of men will bring gifts to you as Iepaeon (‘Hail-Healer’), and you will receive with delight rich sacrifices from the people dwelling round about.” So said Telphusa, that she alone, and not the Far-Shooter, should have renown there; and she persuaded the Far-Shooter. Further yet you went, far-shooting Apollo, until you came to the town of the presumptuous Phlegyae who dwell on this earth in a lovely glade near the Cephisian lake, caring not for Zeus. And thence you went speeding swiftly to the mountain ridge, and came to Crisa beneath snowy Parnassus, a foothill turned towards the west: a cliff hangs over it from above, and a hollow, rugged glade runs under. There the lord Phoebus Apollo resolved to make his lovely temple, and thus he said: “In this place I am minded to build a glorious temple to be an oracle for men, and here they will always bring perfect hecatombs, both they who dwell in rich Peloponnesus and the men of Europe and from all the wave-washed isles, coming to question me. And I will deliver to them all counsel that cannot fail, answering them in my rich temple.” When he had said this, Phoebus Apollo laid out all the foundations throughout, wide and very long; and upon these the sons of Erginus, Trophonius and Agamedes, dear to the deathless gods, laid a footing of stone. And the countless tribes of men built the whole temple of wrought stones, to be sung of for ever.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White (1914). Original text: Hugh G. Evelyn-White (ed.), Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns and Homerica, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.