Homer · The Homeric Hymns Ὁμηρικοὶ ὕμνοι

Homer, The Homeric Hymns 3.85–178: Hymn 3 to Apollo (2): the birth of Apollo on Delos

Once Leto has sworn her oath, Delos is glad. After nine days and nights of labour, the goddesses bring Eileithyia, and Apollo is born, washed, and fed with nectar; he declares that the lyre, the bow and prophecy will be his. The Delian part of the hymn closes with the festival of the Ionians on Delos and the song of the Delian maidens.

Lines 3.85–178 · 883 words · click a number to copy its link
85καὶ τὸ κατειβόμενον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, ὅστε μέγιστος ὅρκος δεινότατός τε πέλει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν· ἦ μὴν Φοίβου τῇδε θυώδης ἔσσεται αἰεὶ βωμὸς καὶ τέμενος, τίσει δέ σέ γʼ ἔξοχα πάντων. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ὄμοσέν τε τελεύτησέν τε τὸν ὅρκον, 90Δῆλος μὲν μάλα χαῖρε γονῇ ἑκάτοιο ἄνακτος· Λητὼ δʼ ἐννῆμάρ τε καὶ ἐννέα νύκτας ἀέλπτοις ὠδίνεσσι πέπαρτο. θεαὶ δʼ ἔσαν ἔνδοθι πᾶσαι, ὅσσαι ἄρισται ἔασι, Διώνη τε Ῥείη τε Ἰχναίη τε Θέμις καὶ ἀγάστονος Ἀμφιτρίτη 95ἄλλαι τʼ ἀθάναται νόσφιν λευκωλένου Ἥρης· ἧστο γὰρ ἐν μεγάροισι Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο· μούνη δʼ οὐκ ἐπέπυστο μογοστόκος Εἰλείθυια· ἧστο γὰρ ἄκρῳ Ὀλύμπῳ ὑπὸ χρυσέοισι νέφεσσιν, Ἥρης φραδμοσύνης λευκωλένου, ἥ μιν ἔρυκε 100ζηλοσύνῃ, ὅτʼ ἄρʼ υἱὸν ἀμύμονά τε κρατερόν τε Λητὼ τέξεσθαι καλλιπλόκαμος τότʼ ἔμελλεν. αἳ δʼ Ἶριν προὔπεμψαν ἐυκτιμένης ἀπὸ νήσου, ἀξέμεν Εἰλείθυιαν, ὑποσχόμεναι μέγαν ὅρμον, χρυσείοισι λίνοισιν ἐερμένον, ἐννεάπηχυν· 105νόσφιν δʼ ἤνωγον καλέειν λευκωλένου Ἥρης, μή μιν ἔπειτʼ ἐπέεσσιν ἀποστρέψειεν ἰοῦσαν. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τό γʼ ἄκουσε ποδήνεμος ὠκέα Ἶρις, βῆ ῥα θέειν, ταχέως δὲ διήνυσε πᾶν τὸ μεσηγύ. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἵκανε θεῶν ἕδος, αἰπὺν Ὄλυμπον, 110αὐτίκʼ ἄρʼ Εἰλείθυιαν ἀπὲκ μεγάροιο θύραζε ἐκπροκαλεσσαμένη ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα, πάντα μάλʼ, ὡς ἐπέτελλον Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσαι. τῇ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἔπειθεν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι φίλοισι· βὰν δὲ ποσὶ τρήρωσι πελειάσιν ἴθμαθʼ ὁμοῖαι. 115εὖτʼ ἐπὶ Δήλου ἔβαινε μογοστόκος Εἰλείθυια, δὴ τότε τὴν τόκος εἷλε, μενοίνησεν δὲ τεκέσθαι. ἀμφὶ δὲ φοίνικι βάλε πήχεε, γοῦνα δʼ ἔρεισε λειμῶνι μαλακῷ· μείδησε δὲ γαῖʼ ὑπένερθεν· ἐκ δʼ ἔθορε πρὸ φόωσδε· θεαὶ δʼ ὀλόλυξαν ἅπασαι. 120ἔνθα σέ, ἤιε Φοῖβε, θεαὶ λόον ὕδατι καλῷ ἁγνῶς καὶ καθαρῶς, σπάρξαν δʼ ἐν φάρεϊ λευκῷ, λεπτῷ, νηγατέῳ· περὶ δὲ χρύσεον στρόφον ἧκαν. οὐδʼ ἄρʼ Ἀπόλλωνα χρυσάορα θήσατο μήτηρ, ἀλλὰ Θέμις νέκταρ τε καὶ ἀμβροσίην ἐρατεινὴν 125ἀθανάτῃσιν χερσὶν ἐπήρξατο· χαῖρε δὲ Λητώ, οὕνεκα τοξοφόρον καὶ καρτερὸν υἱὸν ἔτικτεν. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δή, Φοῖβε, κατέβρως ἄμβροτον εἶδαρ, οὔ σέ γʼ ἔπειτʼ ἴσχον χρύσεοι στρόφοι ἀσπαίροντα, οὐδʼ ἔτι δέσματʼ ἔρυκε, λύοντο δὲ πείρατα πάντα.

Now when Leto had sworn and ended her oath, Delos was very glad at the birth of the far-shooting lord. But Leto was racked nine days and nine nights with pangs beyond wont. And there were with her all the chiefest of the goddesses, Dione and Rhea and Ichnaea and Themis and loud-moaning Amphitrite and the other deathless goddesses save white-armed Hera, who sat in the halls of cloud-gathering Zeus. Only Eilithyia, goddess of sore travail, had not heard of Leto's trouble, for she sat on the top of Olympus beneath golden clouds by white-armed Hera's contriving, who kept her close through envy, because Leto with the lovely tresses was soon to bear a son faultless and strong. But the goddesses sent out Iris from the well-set isle to bring Eilithyia, promising her a great necklace strung with golden threads, nine cubits long. And they bade Iris call her aside from white-armed Hera, lest she might afterwards turn her from coming with her words. When swift Iris, fleet of foot as the wind, had heard all this, she set to run; and quickly finishing all the distance she came to the home of the gods, sheer Olympus, and forthwith called Eilithyia out from the hall to the door and spoke winged words to her, telling her all as the goddesses who dwell on Olympus had bidden her. So she moved the heart of Eilithyia in her dear breast; and they went their way, like shy wild-doves in their going. And as soon as Eilithyia the goddess of sore travail set foot on Delos, the pains of birth seized Leto, and she longed to bring forth; so she cast her arms about a palm tree and kneeled on the soft meadow while the earth laughed for joy beneath. Then the child leaped forth to the light, and all the goddesses raised a cry. Straightway, great Phoebus, the goddesses washed you purely and cleanly with sweet water, and swathed you in a white garment of fine texture, new-woven, and fastened a golden band about you. Now Leto did not give Apollo, bearer of the golden blade, her breast; but Themis duly poured nectar and ambrosia with her divine hands: and Leto was glad because she had borne a strong son and an archer. But as soon as you had tasted that divine heavenly food, O Phoebus, you could no longer then be held by golden cords nor confined with bands, but all their ends were undone.

130αὐτίκα δʼ ἀθανάτῃσι μετηύδα Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων· εἴη μοι κίθαρίς τε φίλη καὶ καμπύλα τόξα, χρήσω δʼ ἀνθρώποισι Διὸς νημερτέα βουλήν. ὣς εἰπὼν ἐβίβασκεν ἐπὶ χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης Φοῖβος ἀκερσεκόμης, ἑκατηβόλος· αἳ δʼ ἄρα πᾶσαι 135θάμβεον ἀθάναται· χρυσῷ δʼ ἄρα Δῆλος ἅπασα [βεβρίθει, καθορῶσα Διὸς Λητοὺς τε γενέθλην, γηθοσύνῃ, ὅτι μιν θεὸς εἵλετο οἰκία θέσθαι νήσων ἠπείρου τε, φίλησε δὲ κηρόθι μᾶλλον.] ἤνθησʼ, ὡς ὅτε τε ῥίον οὔρεος ἄνθεσιν ὕλης. 140αὐτὸς δʼ, ἀργυρότοξε, ἄναξ ἑκατηβόλʼ Ἄπολλον, ἄλλοτε μέν τʼ ἐπὶ Κύνθου ἐβήσαο παιπαλόεντος, ἄλλοτε δʼ ἂν νήσους τε καὶ ἀνέρας ἠλάσκαζες. πολλοί τοι νηοί τε καὶ ἄλσεα δενδρήεντα· πᾶσαι δὲ σκοπιαί τε φίλαι καὶ πρώονες ἄκροι 145ὑψηλῶν ὀρέων ποταμοί θʼ ἅλαδε προρέοντες· ἀλλὰ σὺ Δήλῳ, Φοῖβε, μάλιστʼ ἐπιτέρπεαι ἦτορ, ἔνθα τοι ἑλκεχίτωνες Ἰάονες ἠγερέθονται αὐτοῖς σὺν παίδεσσι καὶ αἰδοίῃς ἀλόχοισιν. οἱ δέ σε πυγμαχίῃ τε καὶ ὀρχηθμῷ καὶ ἀοιδῇ 150μνησάμενοι τέρπουσιν, ὅτʼ ἂν στήσωνται ἀγῶνα. φαίη κʼ ἀθανάτους καὶ ἀγήρως ἔμμεναι αἰεί, ὃς τόθʼ ὑπαντιάσειʼ, ὅτʼ Ἰάονες ἀθρόοι εἶεν· πάντων γάρ κεν ἴδοιτο χάριν, τέρψαιτο δὲ θυμὸν ἄνδρας τʼ εἰσορόων καλλιζώνους τε γυναῖκας 155νῆάς τʼ ὠκείας ἠδʼ αὐτῶν κτήματα πολλά. πρὸς δὲ τόδε μέγα θαῦμα, ὅου κλέος οὔποτʼ ὀλεῖται, κοῦραι Δηλιάδες, ἑκατηβελέταο θεράπναι· αἵ τʼ ἐπεὶ ἂρ πρῶτον μὲν Ἀπόλλωνʼ ὑμνήσωσιν, αὖτις δʼ αὖ Λητώ τε καὶ Ἄρτεμιν ἰοχέαιραν, 160μνησάμεναι ἀνδρῶν τε παλαιῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν ὕμνον ἀείδουσιν, θέλγουσι δὲ φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων. πάντων δʼ ἀνθρώπων φωνὰς καὶ βαμβαλιαστὺν μιμεῖσθʼ ἴσασιν· φαίη δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕκαστος φθέγγεσθʼ· οὕτω σφιν καλὴ συνάρηρεν ἀοιδή. 165ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ἱλήκοι μὲν Ἀπόλλων Ἀρτέμιδι ξύν, χαίρετε δʼ ὑμεῖς πᾶσαι· ἐμεῖο δὲ καὶ μετόπισθεν μνήσασθʼ, ὁππότε κέν τις ἐπιχθονίων ἀνθρώπων ἐνθάδ’ ἀνείρηται ξεῖνος ταλαπείριος ἐλθών· ὦ κοῦραι, τίς δʼ ὔμμιν ἀνὴρ ἥδιστος ἀοιδῶν 170ἐνθάδε πωλεῖται, καὶ τέῳ τέρπεσθε μάλιστα; ὑμεῖς δʼ εὖ μάλα πᾶσαι ὑποκρίνασθαι ἀφήμως· τυφλὸς ἀνήρ, οἰκεῖ δὲ Χίῳ ἔνι παιπαλοέσσῃ τοῦ πᾶσαι μετόπισθεν ἀριστεύσουσιν ἀοιδαί. ἡμεῖς δʼ ὑμέτερον κλέος οἴσομεν, ὅσσον ἐπʼ αἶαν 175ἀνθρώπων στρεφόμεσθα πόλεις εὖ ναιεταώσας· οἳ δʼ ἐπὶ δὴ πείσονται, ἐπεὶ καὶ ἐτήτυμόν ἐστιν. αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν οὐ λήξω ἑκηβόλον Ἀπόλλωνα ὑμνέων ἀργυρότοξον, ὃν ἠύκομος τέκε Λητώ.

Forth-with Phoebus Apollo spoke out among the deathless goddesses:“The lyre and the curved bow shall ever be dear to me, and I will declare to men the unfailing will of Zeus.” So said Phoebus, the long-haired god who shoots afar and began to walk upon the wide-pathed earth; and all the goddesses were amazed at him. Then with gold all Delos [was laden, beholding the child of Zeus and Leto, for joy because the god chose her above the islands and shore to make his dwelling in her: and she loved him yet more in her heart.] blossomed as does a mountain-top with woodland flowers. And you, O lord Apollo, god of the silver bow, shooting afar, now walked on craggy Cynthus, and now kept wandering about the islands and the people in them. Many are your temples and wooded groves, and all peaks and towering bluffs of lofty mountains and rivers flowing to the sea are dear to you, Phoebus, yet in Delos do you most delight your heart; for there the long robed Ionians gather in your honor with their children and shy wives: with boxing and dancing and song, mindful, they delight you so often as they hold their gathering. A man would say that they were deathless and unageing if he should then come upon the Ionians so met together. For he would see the graces of them all, and would be pleased in heart gazing at the men and well-girded women with their swift ships and great wealth. And there is this great wonder besides —and its renown shall never perish —, the girls of Delos, hand-maidens of the Far-shooter; for when they have praised Apollo first, and also Leto and Artemis who delights in arrows, they sing a strain telling of men and women of past days, and charm the tribes of men. Also they can imitate the tongues of all men and their clattering speech: each would say that he himself were singing, so close to truth is their sweet song. And now may Apollo be favorable and Artemis; and farewell all you maidens. Remember me in after time whenever any one of men on earth, a stranger who has seen and suffered much, comes here and asks of you: “Whom think ye, girls, is the sweetest singer that comes here, and in whom do you most delight?” Then answer, each and all, with one voice: “He is a blind man, and dwells in rocky Chios: his lays are evermore supreme.” As for me, I will carry your renown as far as I roam over the earth to the well-placed cities of man, and they will believe also; for indeed this thing is true. And I will never cease to praise far-shooting Apollo, god of the silver bow, whom rich-haired Leto bare.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White (1914). Original text: Hugh G. Evelyn-White (ed.), Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns and Homerica, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

The Homeric Hymns 3.85–178: Hymn 3 to Apollo (2) | Homer