Euripides · Alcestis Ἄλκηστις

Euripides, Alcestis 416–475: Second episode: Admetus orders mourning; the Chorus praises Alcestis

The Chorus tells Admetus that he must bear his misfortune, since all are debtors to death. Admetus says that he knew of it long before, and gives orders for the funeral, with all Thessalians to mourn with shorn hair and black robes. The Chorus sings a farewell to Alcestis, calling for her a happy life in the sunless house of Hades.

Lines 416–475 · 471 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 416Ἄδμητʼ, ἀνάγκη τάσδε συμφορὰς φέρειν· οὐ γάρ τι πρῶτος οὐδὲ λοίσθιος βροτῶν γυναικὸς ἐσθλῆς ἤμπλακες· γίγνωσκε δὲ ὡς πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται. Ἄδμητος 420ἐπίσταμαί γε, κοὐκ ἄφνω κακὸν τόδε προσέπτατʼ· εἰδὼς δ’ αὔτ’ ἐτειρόμην πάλαι. ἀλλʼ, ἐκφορὰν γὰρ τοῦδε θήσομαι νεκροῦ, πάρεστε καὶ μένοντες ἀντηχήσατε παιᾶνα τῷ κάτωθεν ἀσπόνδῳ θεῷ. 425πᾶσιν δὲ Θεσσαλοῖσιν ὧν ἐγὼ κρατῶ πένθους γυναικὸς τῆσδε κοινοῦσθαι λέγω κουρᾷ ξυρήκει καὶ μελαμπέπλῳ στολῇ· τέθριππά θ’ οἳ ζεύγνυσθε καὶ μονάμπυκας πώλους, σιδήρῳ τέμνετ’ αὐχένων φόβην. 430αὐλῶν δὲ μὴ κατ’ ἄστυ, μὴ λύρας κτύπος ἔστω σελήνας δώδεκ’ ἐκπληρουμένας· οὐ γάρ τιν’ ἄλλον φίλτερον θάψω νεκρὸν τοῦδ’ οὐδ’ ἀμείνον’ εἰς ἔμʼ· ἀξία δέ μοι τιμῆς, ἐπεὶ τέθνηκεν ἀντ’ ἐμοῦ μόνη.

Chorus Admetus, these misfortunes thou must bear. Thou art by no means the first nor yet shalt be the last of men to lose a wife of worth; know this, we all of us are debtors unto death.

Admetus I understand; this is no sudden flight of ill hither; I was ware of it and long have pined. But since I am to. carry the dead forth to her burial, stay here with me and to that inexorable god in Hades raise your antiphone. While raise your antiphone. While to all Thessalians in my realm I do proclaim a general mourning for this lady, with hair shorn off and robes of sable hue; all ye who harness steeds for cars, or single horses ride, cut off their manes with the sharp steel. Hush’d be every pipe, silent every lyre throughout the city till twelve full moons are past; for never again shall I bury one whom I love more, no! nor one more loyal to me; honour from me is her due, for she for me hath died, she and she alone.

Chorus

435ὦ Πελίου θύγατερ, χαίρουσά μοι εἰν Ἀίδαο δόμοις τὸν ἀνάλιον οἶκον οἰκετεύοις. ἴστω δ’ Ἀίδας ὁ μελαγχαίτας θεὸς ὅς τ’ ἐπὶ κώπᾳ 440πηδαλίῳ τε γέρων νεκροπομπὸς ἵζει, πολὺ δὴ πολὺ δὴ γυναῖκ’ ἀρίσταν λίμναν Ἀχεροντίαν πορεύ- σας ἐλάτᾳ δικώπῳ.

Daughter of Pelias, be thine a happy life in that sunless home in Hades’ halls! Let Hades know, that swarthy god, and that old man who sits to row and steer alike at his death-ferry, that he hath carried o’er the lake of Acheron in his two-oared skiff a woman peerless amidst her sex.

Chorus

445πολλά σε μουσοπόλοι μέλψουσι καθ’ ἑπτάτονόν τ’ ὀρείαν χέλυν ἔν τ’ ἀλύροις κλέοντες ὕμνοις, Σπάρτᾳ κύκλος ἁνίκα Καρνείου περινίσσεται ὥρας 450μηνός, ἀειρομένας παννύχου σελάνας, λιπαραῖσί τ’ ἐν ὀλβίαις Ἀθάναις. τοίαν ἔλιπες θανοῦσα μολ- πὰν μελέων ἀοιδοῖς.

Oft of thee the Muses’ votaries shall sing on the seven-stringed mountain shell and in hymns that need no harp, glorifying thee, oft as the season in his cycle cometh round at Sparta in that Carnean month when all night long the moon sails high o’erhead, yea, and in splendid Athens, happy town. So glorious a theme has thy death bequeathed to tuneful bards.

Chorus

455εἴθ’ ἐπ’ ἐμοὶ μὲν εἴη, δυναίμαν δέ σε πέμψαι φάος ἐξ Ἀίδα τεράμνων καὶ Κωκυτοῖο ῥεέθρων ποταμίᾳ νερτέρᾳ τε κώπᾳ. 460σὺ γὰρ ὤ, μόνα, ὦ φίλα γυναικῶν, σὺ τὸν αὑτᾶς ἔτλας πόσιν ἀντὶ σᾶς ἀμεῖψαι ψυχᾶς ἐξ Ἅιδα. κούφα σοι χθὼν ἐπάνωθε πέσοι, γύναι. εἰ δέ τι καινὸν ἕλοιτο πόσις λέχος, ἦ μάλ’ ἂν ἔμοιγ’ ἂν εἴη 465στυγηθεὶς τέκνοις τε τοῖς σοῖς.

Would it were in my power and range to bring thee to the light from the chambers of Hades and the streams of Cocytus with the oar that sweeps yon nether flood! For thou, and thou alone, most dear of women, hadst the courage to redeem thy husband from Hades in exchange for thy own life. Light lie the earth above thee, lady! And if ever thy lord take to him a new wife, I vow he will earn my hatred and thy children’s too.

Chorus

466ματέρος οὐ θελούσας πρὸ παιδὸς χθονὶ κρύψαι δέμας, οὐδὲ πατρὸς γεραιοῦ, […] ὃν ἔτεκον δʼ, οὐκ ἔτλαν ῥύεσθαι, 470σχετλίω, πολιὰν ἔχοντε χαίταν. σὺ δ’ ἐν ἥβᾳ νέᾳ προθανοῦσα φωτὸς οἴχῃ. τοιαύτας εἴη μοι κῦρσαι συνδυάδος φιλίας · τοῦτο γὰρ ἐν βιότῳ σπάνιον μέρος· ἦ γὰρ ἂν ἔμοιγ’ ἄλυπος 475δι’ αἰῶνος ἂν ξυνείη.

His mother had no heart to plunge into the darkness of the tomb for her son, no! nor his aged sire. Their own child they had not the courage to rescue, the wretches! albeit they were grey-headed. But thou in thy youth and beauty hast died for thy lord and gone thy way. O be it mine to have for partner such a loving wife! for this lot is rare in life. Surely she should be my help-meet all my life and never cause one tear.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.