Euripides · Hippolytus Ἱππόλυτος

Euripides, Hippolytus 790–847: Fourth episode: Theseus returns to find Phaedra dead

Theseus, returning with a garland on his head from his mission, asks what the cries in the palace mean. The Chorus tells him that his wife is dead, and Theseus, in grief, wishes that he could hide in the depths of the earth, and laments for his wife and his children.

Lines 790–847 · 518 words · click a number to copy its link
Θησεύς 790γυναῖκες, ἴστε τίς ποτ’ ἐν δόμοις βοή; ἠχὼ βαρεῖα προσπόλων ἀφίκετο. οὐ γάρ τί μ’ ὡς θεωρὸν ἀξιοῖ δόμος πύλας ἀνοίξας εὐφρόνως προσεννέπειν. μῶν Πιτθέως τι γῆρας εἴργασται νέον; 795πρόσω μὲν ἤδη βίοτος, ἀλλ’ ὅμως ἔτ’ ἂν λυπηρὸς ἡμῖν τούσδ’ ἂν ἐκλίποι δόμους. Χορός οὐκ ἐς γέροντας ἥδε σοι τείνει τύχη, Θησεῦ· νέοι θανόντες ἀλγυνοῦσί σε. Θησεύς οἴμοι· τέκνων μοι μή τι συλᾶται βίος; Χορός 800ζῶσιν, θανούσης μητρὸς ὡς ἄλγιστά σοι. Θησεύς τί φῄς; ὄλωλεν ἄλοχος; ἐκ τίνος τύχης; Χορός βρόχον κρεμαστὸν ἀγχόνης ἀνήψατο. Θησεύς λύπῃ παχνωθεῖσ’, ἢ ἀπὸ συμφορᾶς τινος; Χορός τοσοῦτον ἴσμεν· ἄρτι γὰρ κἀγὼ δόμοις, 805Θησεῦ, πάρειμι σῶν κακῶν πενθήτρια. Θησεύς αἰαῖ· τί δῆτα τοῖσδ’ ἀνέστεμμαι κάρα πλεκτοῖσι φύλλοις, δυστυχὴς θεωρὸς ὤν; χαλᾶτε κλῇθρα, πρόσπολοι, πυλωμάτων, 825ἐκλύεθ’ ἁρμούς, ὡς ἴδω πικρὰν θέαν 810γυναικός, ἥ με κατθανοῦσ’ ἀπώλεσεν.

Theseus Ladies, can ye tell me what the uproar in the palace means? There came the sound of servants weeping bitterly to mine ear. None of my household deign to open wide the gates and give me glad welcome as a traveller from prophetic shrines. Hath aught befallen old Pittheus? No. Though he be well advanced in years, yet should I mourn, were he to quit this house.

Chorus ’Tis not against the old, Theseus, that fate, to strike thee, aims this blow; prepare thy sorrow for a younger corpse.

Theseus Woe is me! is it a child’s life death robs me of?

Chorus They live; but, cruellest news of all for thee, their mother is no more.

Theseus What! my wife dead? By what cruel mischance?

Chorus About her neck she tied the hangman’s knot.

Theseus Had grief so chilled her blood? or what had befallen her?

Chorus I know but this, for I am myself but now arrived at the house to mourn thy sorrows, O Theseus.

Theseus Woe is me! why have I crowned my head with woven garlands, when misfortune greets my embassage? Unbolt the doors, servants, loose their fastenings, that I may see the piteous sight, my wife, whose death is death to me.

Chorus

811— ἰὼ ἰὼ τάλαινα μελέων κακῶν· ἔπαθες, εἰργάσω τοσοῦτον ὥστε τούσδε συγχέαι δόμους. — αἰαῖ τόλμας, ὦ βιαίως θανοῦσ’ ἀνοσίῳ τε συμφορᾷ, σᾶς χερὸς 815πάλαισμα μελέας. — τίς ἄρα σάν, τάλαιν’, ἀμαυροῖ ζόαν;

Woe! woe is thee for thy piteous lot! thou hast done thyself a hurt deep enough to overthrow this family. Ah! ah! the daring of it! done to death by violence and unnatural means, the desperate effort of thy own poor hand! Who cast the shadow o’er thy life, poor lady?

Theseus

817ὤμοι ἐγὼ πόνων· ἔπαθον, ὦ πόλις, τὰ μάκιστ’ ἐμῶν κακῶν. ὦ τύχα, ὥς μοι βαρεῖα καὶ δόμοις ἐπεστάθης, 820κηλὶς ἄφραστος ἐξ ἀλαστόρων τινός. κατακονὰ μὲν οὖν ἀβίοτος βίου· κακῶν δ’, ὢ τάλας, πέλαγος εἰσορῶ τοσοῦτον ὥστε μήποτ’ ἐκνεῦσαι πάλιν, μηδ’ ἐκπερᾶσαι κῦμα τῆσδε συμφορᾶς. τίνα λόγον τάλας, τίνα τύχαν σέθεν βαρύποτμον, γύναι, προσαυδῶν τύχω; ὄρνις γὰρ ὥς τις ἐκ χερῶν ἄφαντος εἶ, πήδημ’ ἐς Ἅιδου κραιπνὸν ὁρμήσασά μοι. 830αἰαῖ αἰαῖ, μέλεα μέλεα τάδε πάθη. πρόσωθεν δέ ποθεν ἀνακομίζομαι τύχαν δαιμόνων ἀμπλακίαισι τῶν πάροιθέν τινος.

Ah me, my cruel lot! sorrow hath done her worst on me. O fortune, how heavily hast thou set thy foot on me and on my house, by fiendish hands inflicting an unexpected stain? Nay, ’tis complete effacement of my life, making it impossible; for I see, alas! so wide an ocean of grief that I can never swim to shore again, nor breast the tide of this calamity. How shall I speak of thee, my poor wife, what tale of direst suffering tell? Thou art vanished like a bird from the covert of my hand, taking one headlong leap from me to Hades’ halls. Alas, and woe! this is a bitter, bitter sight! This must be a judgment sent by God for the sins of an ancestor, which from some far source I am bringing on myself.

Chorus

834οὐ σοὶ τάδ’, ὦναξ, ἦλθε δὴ μόνῳ κακά, 835πολλῶν μετ’ ἄλλων δ’ ὤλεσας κεδνὸν λέχος.

My prince, ’tis not to thee alone such sorrows come; thou hast lost a noble wife, but so have many others.

Theseus

836τὸ κατὰ γᾶς θέλω, τὸ κατὰ γᾶς κνέφας μετοικεῖν σκότῳ θανὼν ὁ τλάμων, τῆς σῆς στερηθεὶς φιλτάτης ὁμιλίας· ἀπώλεσας γὰρ μᾶλλον ἢ κατέφθισο. 840τίνος κλύω; πόθεν θανάσιμος τύχα, γύναι, σὰν ἔβα, τάλαινα, καρδίαν; εἴποι τις ἂν τὸ πραχθέν, ἢ μάτην ὄχλον στέγει τύραννον δῶμα προσπόλων ἐμῶν; ὤμοι μοι σέθεν, […] 845μέλεος, οἷον εἶδον ἄλγος δόμων, οὐ τλητὸν οὐδὲ ῥητόν. ἀλλ’ ἀπωλόμην· ἔρημος οἶκος, καὶ τέκν’ ὀρφανεύεται.

Fain would I go hide me ’neath earth’s blackest depth, to dwell in darkness with the dead in misery, now that I am reft of thy dear presence! for thou hast slain me than thyself e’en more. Who can tell me what caused the fatal stroke that reached thy heart, dear wife? Will no one tell me what befell? doth my palace all in vain give shelter to a herd of menials? Woe, woe for thee, my wife! sorrows past speech, past bearing, I behold within my house; myself a ruined man, my home a solitude, my children orphans!

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.